人教版英语初二上5-8单元知识点及练习题.doc

四川国嘉雅思学校 初二升初三专用
Unit 5 Can you come to my party?
知识点提纲：another/other/others/the other/the others;thank you for;who/whom;
Study for...;Keep用法；have to/must/其他情态动词的用法比较;
【重要词组】
　 baseball game棒球比赛 the day after tomorrow　　后天
　 come over to　　 从一地方来到另一个地方，过来
　 go to the doctor　 去看病 have a piano lesson上钢琴课
　 have to　　不得不 next time　下一次
　 study for a test　准备考试 be free　　　有空儿，有时间
【部分词汇用法】
1、do my lessons 做功课
have a lesson / have lessons （学生）上课：
give a lesson to sb. / give lessons to sb. （老师）给某人上课：
  give sb. a lesson给某人一个教训：
The illness taught him a lesson, so he wanted to exercise every day.
2、 another
作形容词：I am still hungry. I want to have another apple.
作代词： I don’t like this shirt. I want to have a look at （看）another.
from one to another 从一个到另一个：
   I’m going hiking from one city to another.
3、 other/ others/another/the other/the others
other 作形容词或代词，做形容词时，意思是“别的，其他”，泛指“其他的
（人或物）”。如： Do you have any other question(s)?
others 作代词（复数），泛指“另外几个”，“其余的”。在句中可作主语、
宾语。如： Some say yes, but others say no.
another 作代词（单数），泛指三个以上不定数目的人或事物中的另一个
the other 作代词（单数）,表示两者中的另一个人或事物
I have two pens. One is red and the other is black.
the others 作代词（复数）,特指全体中除去一部分后其余所有的人/事物
   20 students in our class are English and the others are Chinese.
4、thank you for / thanks for sth/doing sth 因…而感谢
        Thanks for coming to my party.
5、the Whole+名词/ all the+名词 所有的…
all the apples与the whole apples
  all 不与a / an 连用，whole可以
        可以说a whole year，但不可以说all a year
6、 who 问作主语的“谁”：Who can open this door?
whom 问作宾语的“谁”：Whom are you looking after?
注：口语中who和whom可以通用；whose 问事物的主人：Whose book is it?
7、come over顺便来访   come along一起来   come from来自…
come back回来 come down下来，败落 come round （非正式）过访，前来
come into being形成，产生  come out出来 come on赶快，来吧
come in 进来 come up上来，出现  come up with提出，赶上
【难点】
1、 study for…表示“为……而学”的意思,for的后面接study的目的。
We study hard for the people. 我们为人们而努力学习。
They want to work hard for better pay. 他们为了更好的报酬而努力工作。
That’s too bad . Maybe another time .   太糟了，也许换个时间吧。
       或Maybe next time . 也许下一次吧。
2、 come over to my house  到我家来
     come over to表示从一个地方来到另一个地方。
     come over还有“过来”“顺便来访”的意思
3、 keep保存、保持
（1）keep+adj keep quiet
(2)keep+sb/sth+adj
The kettle is used for keeping water warm. 热水瓶是用来保持水温的。
(3)keep doing sth
They kept working for another half an hour. 他们又继续工作了半个小时。
(4)keep+sb/sth+doing
She kept us waiting for quite some time. 她让我们等了好一会儿。
【语法知识聚焦】
1. have to 与must 的区别 “必须”　　
　(1) 含义和用法上的区别：
　　have to 强调客观上需要做某事，即表示外界条件的需要不得不做某事，含有“形势逼迫”的意味；
must 强调说话者主观上认为必须做某事，含有“主观判断”的意味.　　
My bike was broken on my way to school. I had to walk there.
　 我的自行车在上学的路上坏了，我不得不走路去上学。
We must learn English well.  我们必须学好英语。（主观上有这种想法。）
　(2) 否定式的区别：
　　have to 的否定式意为“不必”，must的否定式意为“禁止；不允许”。　　
---Must I finish the homework now? 我必须现在完成作业吗？
　　---Yes, you must. (No, you needn’t / don’t have to) 是的，你必须现在完成。（不，你不必。）
2、情态动词“have to”与其他的情态动词（如“can” , “may”和 “should”）
的用法比较：
（1）can、may、should等没有时态、人称的变化，而have to有，它的第三人称单数为“has to”，
  He should study hard 。他应该好好学习。
He has to study hard .  他不得不好好学习。
 （2）这3个情态动词在一般疑问句中将它们提前大写，在否定句中直接在他们后边加not即可。（以can为例）
   Can he go with us ?  他能和我们一起去吗？
   而“have to”要加助动词do , does或did才可能完成其疑问、否定句。
     They have to go to the party .→Do they have to go to the party ?  Yes , they do .→They don’t have to go to the party .
 单项选择
( )1．—__________ does your party start?  —__________ seven thirty．
A．When：on B．How；In C．What time；At D．Where：About
( )2．—Thank you for your __________． —That’s all right．
A．invite B．inviting C．to invite D．invitation
( )3．—__________ the man over there be your Chinese teacher?
 — No，it __________ be him．
A．Can；mustn’t B．May；can’t C．Must；mustn’t D．May；may not
( )4．Can you go to the movies __________ Sunday?
A．in B．on C．at D．to
( )5．—Can you come to my house for supper? —__________．
A．No，I can’t． B．I think so．
C．Sure，I’d love to． D．I hope I can．
( )6．It is __________ cold today．Please wear more clothes．
A．too many B．much too C．many too D．too much
( )7．Who can __________ guitar very __________ in your school?
A．plays；good B．play；well
C．play the；well D．plays the；good
( )8．This one is too big．Can you show me __________ one?
A．another B．other C．the other D．others
( )9．— __________? —Yes，please．I’d like some tea．
A．Would you like some drink
B．What about something to drink，tea or coffee
C．What do you think of tea D．How do you like tea
( )10．—Can Mary come to play games with us?
—No．she can’t．She has a stomachache． —__________．
A．It doesn’t matter． B．I’m sorry to hear that． 
C．It sounds good． D．That’s all right．
( )11．—Hey，Dave，can you go to the movies on Saturday? —__________．
A．Sure．I’d love to． B．No，I can’t． C．I have to help my mom．
( )12．—When do you study for the maths test?—__________．
A．At six o’clock B．At tomorrow C．On Monday afternoon
( )13．—Does he want to __________ Ann’s birthday party? —Sure，he’d love to．
A．coming B．to come C．come to
( )14．Please __________ quiet．I’m trying to study．
A．being B．am C．keep
( )15．—Can they go to the concert?   —__________．
A．They think so B．Yes，they can C．Yes．they don’t think so

Unit6 I’m more outgoing than my sister
知识点提纲：重点短语、句型；形容词、副词比较级用法；interest用法;
一、重点短语
1.be good at 擅长做某事=do well in 2.thank you for ….因…谢谢某人
3.here is/ are ….这儿是 4.as you can see 正如你所见
5.in some ways 在某些方面 6.look the same 看起来一样
7.look different看起来不一样 8.enjoy going to parties喜欢参加聚会
enjoy + doing sth
9.have some things in common 有一些共同之处
10.be good with 与…相处愉快 be good at 擅长做某事
11.like doing the same things 喜欢做同样的事情
12.be different from 与…不同 =not the same as
13.make me laugh使我开心 make sb do sth 使某人做某事
14.a little 一点儿(修饰比较级 a little taller than me )
15.both both of +人称代词=人称代词+both We both =both of us
both 用在be 动词或助动词后，实义动词前
We both like her. We are both tall.
16. interest n.兴趣爱好， interesting 有趣的， interested感兴趣的
be interested in对…感兴趣
17. the same as 与…一样 18.beat sb打败某人
19. stop talking 停止谈话 stop to do sth停下来做别的事
stop doing 停止正在进行的动作
20.have good grades有好的成绩
二、重点句型
1、 in some ways 在某些方面/in a way/ in one way
by the way 顺便说一下 on one’s way to +地点名词 在去…的路上
In this way 用这种方法
2、Liu Ying is not as good at sports as her sister. 刘英不如她妹妹擅长体育。 be good at 擅长
补充：be good for 对。。。。有用 be good to 对。。。和善
not as +形容词或副词原级+as 表示： 不如，双方在某个方面不同。
As+形容词或副词原级+as 和…一样 as well as 和...一样好
3、He always beats me in tennis. 他打网球总是赢我。
beat 过去式beat. beat sb打败某人 Win +比赛，游戏，奖品，奖金等
4、a good friend likes to do the same things as me.一个好朋友喜欢做与我一样的事情。
the same as 与。。。一样 same 前一定加the
5、I like to have friends who are like me.我喜欢交和我一样的朋友。
 have friends=make friends who are like me 定语从句修饰名词friends
6、Holly’s best friend likes to do the same things as she does.
霍利最好的朋友喜欢和她做一样的事情。as 后加从句 ，does 一定要有
三、重点语法——形容词、副词比较级的基本用法
大多数形容词、副词有三个等级，原级，比较级，最高级
原级也就是形容词的原形。当两个事物进行比较时，就要用形容词比较级
结构形式为：主语+谓语（系动词）+形容词比较级+than +对比成分
He is taller than me
1.规则变化——单音节和多数双音节的词尾+er
(1) 一般单音节词末尾加-er ,tall---taller long—longer wild---wilder
(2)以不发音的e的结尾的单音节词 nice—nicer
(3)以辅音字母y结尾的双音节词，去y加ier, happy—happier, heavy—heavier
(4)重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写结尾的辅音字母再加er,big—bigger ,thin---thinner, red—redder
(5)多音节和部分双音节形容词或副词，在前面加more构成比较级
Important---more important outgoing ---more outgoing
2.不规则变化
Good/well-----better old—older/elder
much/many---more little—less
3. 常见用法
（1） as +形容词或副词原级+as 表两者在某一方面相同
I think science is as important as math.
“not as/so +形容词或副词原形 + as” 表一方在某一方面不及另一方
It is not as/so warm today as yesterday.
He did not come as/so early as Wang Lin.
(2)形容词或副词的比较级+than (注意：当than前后所使用的动词相同时，通常用助动词代替后面的动词。该动词或助动词可以省略）
He works much harder than I (do)./ He works much harder than me.
(3)可修饰比较级的词
a bit, a little, rather, much, even 等表示程度
She is a little more outgoing than me
(4)比较级前可以用数词+名词 She is 2 years older than me.
四、易错易混讲解
1.like 与as 都表示像。。。。
Like 介词 like +名词或代词
As ① 连词 , 后面多接从句  All the students do as the teacher says.
②介词,“作为”后加表示职业，职务，用途，作用之类的名词
As a worker/reporter
2、interest 名词“兴趣”，主语为人或物
I have no interest in math.（没兴趣）
及物动词，后面加宾语，使。。。发生兴趣 。主语为人或物
The book interests me.
interesting,令人感兴趣的，作表语主语通常是物，也可以作定语，可修饰人或物 It’s an interesting book. He is an interesting man.
interested 感兴趣的，常用:be /become interested in 这一结构，主语应该是人而不是物。它可以作定语，只修饰人，不能修饰物
单项选择( )1．I’m ___________ outgoing than my sister．
A．more B．much C．a little
( )2．There are some similarities ___________ Liu Li and Liu Ying．
A．behind B．between C．before
( )3．I think a good friend makes me ___________．
A．laugh B．laughs C．to laugh
( )4．Maria is good ___________ sports．
A．in B．at C．with
( )5．I like to have friends who are ___________ me．
A．as B．for C．like
( )6．We ___________ like sports，but Ruben is more athletic than me．
A．all B．both C．every
( )7．Mary’s best friend is funnier ___________ she is．
A．that B．this C．than
( )8．She likes to have friends who are ___________ from me．
A．different B．difference C．differences
( )9．Paul is never ___________．He can’t stop talking．
A．quieter B．quiet C．wilder
( )1o．We both like doing the ___________ things．
A．same B．some C．many
( )11．—When did you go to bed last night?
—I didn’t go to bed ___________ I finished my homework．
A．until B．while C．after D．when
( )12．—What do you do?  —I’m ___________．
A．fine B．thirteen C．a student D．do some washing
( )13．—You are not a new member here，are you? 
—___________．I joined only last week．
A．Yes，I am． B．No，I am not C．No，I am． D．Yes，I am not．
( )14．Days get ___________ in the spring．There are new leaves on the tree．
A．cold and long B．longer and warmer
C．longer and warm D．colder and warmer
( )15．—Do you know ___________ I could pass the exam? —Sorry．I have no idea．
A．that B．whether C．what D．which
( )16．—___________ they are brothers，they don’t look like each other．
A．Because B．Though C．When D．As
( )17．I can’t pay for the dictionary because I have ___________ money with me．
A．few B．a few C．little D．a little
( )18．—Thanks a lot ___________ us．  —Not at all．
A．of helping B．for helping C．of help D．for help
( )19．—Are you feeling ___________?  —Yes，I’m fine now．
A．any well B．any better C．quite good D．quite better
( )2o．—What do you think of her talk?
—She ___________ for one hour but didn’t___________ too much．
A．spoke；speak B．spoke；say C．speak；speak D．spoke；said

 Unit 7 How do you make a banana milk shake
知识点提纲：重点短语、句型；可数名词、不可数名词的用法
一、重点短语
turn on（off） 打开\关掉（电器） cut up 切碎
pour…into 把…倒入 mix up混合在一起
add…to把…加到…上 a slice of 一片
how many/how much 多少 two teaspoons of 两茶匙
on the top 在上面 put ..into 把。。。放进
make a banana milk shake 制作香蕉奶昔 turkey slices火鸡切片
here’s a recipe for….这儿是制作…的食谱 roll the pancake卷薄饼
slices of duck =duck slices 鸭肉片 a cup of 一杯
need some help需要一些帮助 put…on把…放在…的上面
check you have all the ingredients检查一下你有所有的原料
some lettuce 一些生菜 不可数（bread, butter）
二、重点句型
1.How do you make a banana milk shake?你是怎样制作香蕉奶昔的？
2.Turn on the blender.打开果汁机。
turn on 把（水源、煤气、电源等）打开→ 反义词：turn off
turn down 调大电器（把收音机、电视、灯等）关小，调低→ 反义词：turn up
3. cut up 切碎 cut down 减少，降低
cut into sth切开某物 cut off 切断，停止，切掉
4.Put the bananas and yogurt into the blender.把香蕉和酸奶倒进搅拌器里。
put …into 把。。。放进 put on 穿，戴（动作） put off延迟，推迟
put up 举手，张贴 put down 放下
5.Finally mix it all up.最后把所有的东西一起进行搅拌。
finally 最后，放在句首、句中、句尾 at last 最后 in the end 终于
mix up 代词放中间 mix it up 名词放两边 mix up all the ingredients
mix v → mixture n. 混合体，混合
6.need 实意动词，有人称，数，和时态的变化。Need +名词\代词\to do \doing
I need some apples. I need to get back to school.
The vegetables need watering. Need doing,主语通常是物的名词
作情态动词 + 动词原形
need 作情态动词的疑问句，肯定回答用must
三、重点语法——可数名词与不可数名词
（1）可数名词,物体的数量可以数。单数形式在前面加a\an
1.一般在后面加s, blender ---blenders teaspoon---teaspoons
2.以x,s,ch,sh,结尾的名词后面加es，Box—boxes sandwich---sandwiches
3.以辅音字母+y,去y 变i加es city---cities, family—families
4.以f\fe结尾的名词，通常把f\fe变为v，加es， wife –wives leaf—leaves
5.不规则变化man—men child—children foot—feet tooth—teeth fish—fish sheep—sheep deer—deer mouse—mice Chinese — Chinese
6.有些名词只有复数形式 clothes, trousers. glasses
（2）不可数名词，物体的数量不可数。通常是物质名词sauce, yogurt, milk 等
有些物质名词表示不同类别时可以用复数形式（fruit—fruits vegetable—vegetables）
不可数名词前面不加a, an,不能用基数词连用，但可以用 a little, much, some, a lot of等修饰。
需要计量时，可以在前面加量词词组。数词\冠词+量词+of +不可数名词
a slice of bread. a cup of tea a bottle of a piece of a bag of
注意：既可修饰可数名词与不可数名词的词有： a lot of =lots of , some, any(用在疑问句或者否定句)
四、学会描述某种事物的制作过程，通常用祈使句。
表示步骤的词有：first---next---then--finally
单项选择( )1．__________ yogurt do we need for the milk shake?
A．How many B．How much C．How D．What
( )2．Let’s __________ fruit salad．
A．make B．to make C．makes D．making
( )3．—Do you like mayonnaise(蛋黄酱)? —__________．
A．I don’t think so B．I think so C．Yes，I do D．Yes，I don’t
( )4．Pour the milk __________ the blender．
A．in B．into C．on D．at
( )5．Here’s a recipe __________ a great turkey sandwich．
A．of B．for C．in D．about
( )6．Father is __________ the wood in order to make a fire．
A．cutting up B．cutting off C．cutting through D．cutting down
( )7．—__________？ —Yes，please．I’d like some sandwiches．
A．Who are you B．What are you C．Can I help you D．Can you help me
( )8．Without your help，I don’t know __________ to do it．
A．what B．which C．how D．whom
( )9．—__________ are the mushrooms？ —Two yuan a kilo．
A．How much B．How many C．What D．How
( )1o．Don’t forget to __________ the lights before you leave the room．
A．turn on B．turn off C．turn down D．turn up
( )11．__________ uncountabl