中国饮食文化中英文精讲.pptx

China covers a large territory and has many nationalities,hence a variety of Chinese food with different but fantastic and mouthwatering flavor.中国地域辽阔，民族众多，因此各种中国饮食口味不同，却都味美，令人垂涎 Chinese food can be roughly divided into eight regional cuisines：中国饮食可以大致分为八大地方菜系：Shandong Cuisine山东菜系 Sichuan Cuisine四川菜系Cantonese food 广东菜系Fujian Cuisine福建菜系 Jiangsu Cuisine江苏菜系ZheJiangCuisine浙江菜系Hunan cuisine湖南菜系 Anhui Cuisine安徽菜系Shandong is the birthplace of many famous ancient scholars such as Confucious and Mencius.And much of Shandong cuisines history is as old as Confucious himself,making it the oldest existing major cuisine in China.山东是许多著名学者的故乡，例如孔夫子和孟子。许多山东菜的历史和孔夫子一样悠久，使得山东菜系成为中国现存的最古老的主要菜系之一。Consisting of Jinan cuisine and Jiaodong cuisine,Shandong cuisine,clear,pure and not greasy,is characterized by its emphasis on aroma,freshness,crispness and tenderness.Shallot and garlic are usually used as seasonings so Shangdong dishes tastes pungent usually.Soups are given much emphasis in Shangdong dishes.Thin soup features clear and fresh while creamy soup looks thick and tastes strong.Jinan cuisine is adept at deep-frying,grilling,frying and stir-frying while Jiaodong division is famous for cooking seafood with fresh and light taste.山东菜系，由济南菜系和胶东菜系组成，清淡，不油腻，以其香，鲜，酥，软而闻名。因为使用青葱和大蒜做为调料，山东菜系通常很辣。山东菜系注重汤品。清汤清澈新鲜，而油汤外观厚重，味道浓重。济南菜系擅长炸，烤，煎，炒，而胶东菜系则以其烹饪海鲜的鲜淡而闻名。目录页（设计好之后可以删掉这个文本框哦）Sichuan CuisineSichuan Cuisine四川菜系四川菜系Sichuan Cuisine,known often in the West as Sichuan Cuisine,known often in the West as Szechuan Cuisine,is one of the most famous Szechuan Cuisine,is one of the most famous Chinese cuisines in the world.Characterized Chinese cuisines in the world.Characterized by its spicy and pungent flavor,Sichuan by its spicy and pungent flavor,Sichuan cuisine,prolific of tastes,emphasizes on cuisine,prolific of tastes,emphasizes on the use of chili.Pepper and prickly ash the use of chili.Pepper and prickly ash also never fail to accompany,producing also never fail to accompany,producing typical exciting tastes.Besides,garlic,typical exciting tastes.Besides,garlic,ginger and fermented soybean are also used ginger and fermented soybean are also used in the cooking process.Wild vegetables and in the cooking process.Wild vegetables and animals are usually chosen as ingredients,animals are usually chosen as ingredients,while frying,frying without oil,pickling while frying,frying without oil,pickling and braising are applied as basic cooking and braising are applied as basic cooking techniques.It cannot be said that one who techniques.It cannot be said that one who does not experience Sichuan food ever does not experience Sichuan food ever reaches China.reaches China.四川菜系，是世界上最著名的中国菜系之一。四川菜系以其四川菜系，是世界上最著名的中国菜系之一。四川菜系以其香辣而闻名，味道多变，着重使用红辣椒，搭配使用青椒和香辣而闻名，味道多变，着重使用红辣椒，搭配使用青椒和prickly ashprickly ash，产生出经典的刺激的味道。此外，大蒜，姜，产生出经典的刺激的味道。此外，大蒜，姜和豆豉也被应用于烹饪过程中。野菜和野禽常被选用为原料，和豆豉也被应用于烹饪过程中。野菜和野禽常被选用为原料，油炸，无油炸，腌制和文火炖煮是基本的烹饪技术。没有品油炸，无油炸，腌制和文火炖煮是基本的烹饪技术。没有品尝过四川菜的人不算来过中国。尝过四川菜的人不算来过中国。目录页（设计好之后可以删掉这个文本框哦）Cantonese food originates from Guangdong,the southernmost province in China.The majority of overseas Chinese people are from Guangdong（Canton）so Cantonese is perhaps the most widely available Chinese regional cuisine outside of China.广东菜源自于中国最南部的省份广东省。大多数华侨来自广东，因此广东菜也许是国外最广泛的中国地方菜系。Cantonese are known to have an adventurous palate,able to eat many different kinds of meats and vegetables.In fact,people in Northern China often say that Cantonese people will eat anything that flies except airplanes,anything that moves on the ground except trains,and anything that moves in the water except boats.广东人热衷于尝试用各种不同的肉类和蔬菜。事实上，中国北方人常说，广东人吃天上飞的，除了飞机；地上爬的，除了火车；水里游的，除了船儿。闽菜是福建菜的简称，起源于福建省闽侯县，以福州、泉州、厦门等地菜肴为代表发展起来。由于福建的地理形势倚山傍海，北部多山，南部面海，山区盛产菇、笋、银耳、莲子和石鳞、河鳗、甲鱼等山珍野味。漫长的浅海滩涂，盛产多种海鲜，因此，闽菜多以海鲜为原料烹制各式菜肴。其特点是色调美观，滋味清鲜。、M i n C u i s i n e i s s h o r t f o r F u j i a n C u i s i n e,o r i g i n a t i n g i n M i n h o u C o u n t y o f F u j i a n P r o v i n c e,r e p r e s e n t e d b y t h e d i s h e s o f F u z h o u,Q u a n z h o u,X i a m e n a n d s o o n.F u j i a n i s m o u n t a i n o u s i n t h e n o r t h a n d f a c e s t h e s e a i n t h e s o u t h.T h e m o u n t a i n o u s a r e a i s a b u n d a n t i n m u s h r o o m s,b a m b o o s h o o t s,w h i t e f u n g u s,l o t u s,s t o n e s q u a m a,e e l,s o f t-s h e l l e d t u r t l e s a n d s o o n.I n t h e l o n g s h a l l o w s e a c o a s t,t h e r e a r e n u m e r o u s s e a c r e a t u r e s.H e n c e,t h e F u j i a n C u i s i n e h a s m a n y s e a f o o d d i s h e s,c o l o r f u l,l i g h t a n d t a s t y.Jiangsu Cuisine,also called Huaiyang Cuisine,is popular in the lower reach of the Yangtze River.Aquatics as the main ingredients,it stresses the freshness of materials.Its carving techniques are delicate,of which the melon carving technique is especially well known.Cooking techniques consist of stewing,braising,roasting,simmering,etc.江苏菜，又叫淮阳菜，流行于在淮阳湖下流。以水产作为主要原料，注重原料的鲜味。其雕刻技术十分珍贵，其中瓜雕尤其著名。Jiangsu cuisine is well known for its careful selection of ingredients,its meticulous preparation methodology,and its not-too-spicy,not-too-bland taste.Since the seasons vary in climate considerably in Jiangsu,the cuisine also varies throughout the year.If the flavor is strong,it isnt too heavy;if light,not too bland.淮阳菜的特色是淡，鲜，甜，雅。江苏菜系以其精选的原料，精细的准备，不辣不温的口感而出名。因为江苏气候变化很大，江苏菜系在一年之中也有变化。味道强而不重，淡而不温。Comprising local cuisines of Hangzhou,Ningbo and Shaoxing,Zhejiang Cuisine,not greasy,wins its reputation for freshness,tenderness,softness,smoothness of its dishes with mellow fragrance.Hangzhou Cuisine is the most famous one among the three.浙江菜系由杭州菜，宁波菜，绍兴菜，组成，不油腻，以其菜肴的鲜，柔，滑，香而闻名。杭州菜是这三者中最出名的一个。Hunan cuisine consists of local Cuisines of Xiangjiang Region,Dongting Lake and Xiangxi coteau.It characterizes itself by thick and pungent flavor.Chili,pepper and shallot are usually necessaries in this division.湖南菜系由湘江地区，洞亭湖和湘西的地方菜肴组成。它以其极辣的味道为特色。红辣椒，青辣椒和青葱在这一菜系中的必备品徽菜即安徽风味，一百年前曾蜚声全中国，据说当年的徽菜馆排场相当大，一色的红木家具透着富甲一方的豪气。但在现代餐饮业的激烈竞争中，徽菜却悄然没落了，如果不是到黄山旅游，外地人已很难品尝到正宗的徽菜。安徽地处华东腹地，气候温和雨量适中，四季分明，粮、油、蔬、果品质优良；皖南山区和大别山区盛产茶叶、竹笋、香菇、木耳、板栗、山药、石鸡、甲鱼等。其境内的长江、淮河流域和巢湖地区又是中国淡水鱼的重要产区，水产丰富，为徽菜的形成和发展提供了良好的物质基础。Hui Cuisine refers to Anhui Cuisine,which was famed throughout China a hundred years ago,and,as the story goes,the restaurants of Anhui at that time were large,with the uniform rosewood furniture showing a rich heroic spirit.However,in the fierce competition of the modern catering industry,it quietly declined,and,if one does not travel to the Yellow Mountain,it is now difficult to taste the authentic Anhui Cuisine elsewhere.Anhui has a mild climate and moderate rainfall and four distinct seasons as well as high-quality grains,oil,vegetables and fruit.The mountainous areas of south Anhui and the Dabieshan 1.让客人和长辈先吃每一道菜let the elder people and the customer eat first2.不要用筷子敲碗dont use the chopsticks hit the bowl3.不要将手伸到饭桌对面夹菜dont reach to get the food on the opposite side4.等大家到齐了，才开始吃dont eat until everyone is there5.为主人的长寿、健康、成功干杯wish for the people who host the dinnerIn China,as with any culture,there are rules and customs that surround what is appropriate and what is not when dining,whether it is in a restaurant or in someones home.Learning the appropriate way to act and what to say will not only help you feel like a native,but will also make those around you more comfortable,and able to focus on you,instead of your interesting eating habits.The customs surrounding Chinese tables manners is ingrained with tradition,and some rules are not to be broken.Failing to understand and follow all of the rules could result in offending the chef and ending the night in an unfavorable way.同其他国家文化一样，在中国，无论是在餐馆还是在家，用餐时也有很多禁忌。适当了解一些中国的餐桌礼仪，不仅能让你更加入乡随俗，融入其中，而且能让别人注意到你，而不是你特别的用餐习惯。有些餐桌礼仪是随着传统延续下来的，是决不能违反的。如果不了解这些餐桌礼仪并且破坏了这些规矩，到时可能得罪厨师，扫兴而归哦。