初中状语从句考点归纳.doc

状语从句
状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。    
1. 时间状语从句
(1)时间状语从句常用when, as（当..时候）, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。例如：
He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.
After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.
(2)在时间状语从句里，主句用将来时态时，从句通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。（主将从现）例如：
I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York.
I will tell him everything when he comes back.
He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.
(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”,“在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间性动词。例如：
The young man read till the light went out.
Let’s wait until the rain stops.
We won’t start until Bob comes.
Don’t get off until the bus stops.
2. 条件状语从句
(1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless(除非)引导。例如：
What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?
Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to.
(2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。（主将从现）例如：（必考）
I’ll help you with your English if I am free tomorrow.
He won’t be late unless he is ill.
(3)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：
Hurry up, or you’ll be late.
=If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.
Study hard and you will pass the exam.
=If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
3. 原因状语从句
(1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如：
He didn’t come to school because he was ill.
As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo.
Since you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else.
(2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如：
------Why aren’t going there?
------Because I don’t want to.
As he has no car, he can’t get there easily.
Since we have no money, we can’t buy it.
(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。
4. 结果状语从句
(1)结果状语从句由so…that, such…that引导。例如：
He is so poor that he can’t buy a bike for his son.
She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.
(2)so…that与such...that可以互换（可能会考）。例如：
在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是: “...so + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句”。例如：
Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.
在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如：
It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.
有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如：
It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.
=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.
It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it.
=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.
(3)如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用so, 不用such。例如：
Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.
He has so little time that he can’t go to the cinema with you.
5. 比较状语从句
比较状语从句通常由as…as（否定not so/as...as）, 比较级 + than…等连词引导。例如：
Tom runs faster than John does.
This classroom is as big as that one.
6. 目的状语从句
(1)目的状语从句通常由 so that, in order that引导。例如：
We started early so that we could catch the first train.
He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.
We used the computer in order that we might save time.
(2)so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：
1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might等。
2)从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如：
Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句)
Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (结果状语从句)
7. 让步状语从句
(1)让步状语从句通常由although, though等连词引导。例如：
Though he is young, he knows a lot.
Although I am tired, I must go on working.
(2)although(though)与but不能用在同一个句子中。例如：
我们不能说：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.
应该说：Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或It was raining hard, but he still went out.
8. 地点状语从句
地点状语从句常常由where来引导。例如：
Go where you like.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
易混引导词
while, when的区别：
　　1.when既可以指"时间点",与瞬间动词连用，也可以指"时间段"，与延续性动词连用（=while）。如：
　　When he came in, his mother was cooking.
　　When (While) we were at school, we went to the library every day.
　　While表示时间段,因此，while 从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。如：
　　Please don't talk so loud while others are working.　　2．Because,as,since 的区别：
　　Because用于表示直接原因,回答why提出的问题，语气最强；As用于说明原因, 着重点在主句，常译成"由于"；since表示显然的或已知的理由或事实，常译成"既然"。如：
　　Water is very important because we can't live without it.
　　He didn't come yesterday as his mother was ill.
　　I'll do it for you since you are busy.
【实例解析】
1.You will stay healthy _______ you do more exercise, such as running and walking.
A. if B. how C. before D. where
2. ---Shall we go on working?
---Yes, _________ I prefer to have a rest.
A. when B. if C. because D. though
3.None of us knew what had happened _________ they told us about it.
A. when B. until C. after D. though
4.---I hope you’ll enjoy your trip, dear!
---Thank you, mum. I’ll give you a call _________ I get there.
A. until B. as soon as C. since D. till

考点精炼
一. 单项填空
1. _______ he’s old, he can still carry this heavy bag.
A. Though B. Since C. For D. So
2. ---Do you know if he _______ to play basket ball with us?
---I think he will come if he ______ free tomorrow.
A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be
3. In the zoo if a child _____ into the water and can’t swim, the dolphins may come up ______ him.
A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help
C. will fall; help D. falls; helping
4. I don’t remember ________ he worked in that city when he was young.
A. what B. which C. where D. who
5. We will stay at home if my aunt ________ to visit us tomorrow.
A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming
6. The police asked the children _______ cross the street ________ the traffic lights turned green.
A. not; before B. don’t; when C. not to; until D. not; after
7. I was late for class yesterday _______ there was something wrong with my bike.
A. when B. that C. until D. because
8. I’ll go swimming with you if I ________ free tomorrow.
A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was
9. In the exam, the ________ you are, ______ the _______ mistakes you will make.
A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest
C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less
10. You should finish your lessons _______ you go out to paly.
A. before B. after C. when D. while
11. I hurried _____ I wouldn’t be late for class.
A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless
12. When you read the book, you’d better make a mark _______ you have any questions.
A. which B. that C. where D. though
13. The teacher raised his voice _______ all the students could hear him.
A. for B. so that C. because D. in order
14. He took off his coat _______ he felt hot.
A. because B. as C. if D. since
15. It is ______ that we’d like to go out for a walk.
A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day
C. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day
16. Mary had ______ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day.
A. such B. so C. too D. very
17. _______ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work.
A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if
18. ______ the day went on, the weather got worse.
A. With B. Since C. While D. As
19. ______ well you can drive, you must drive carefully.
A. So long as B. In order that
C. No matter how D. The moment
20. Write to me as soon as you ________ to Beijing.
A. will get B. get C. getting D. got
真题演练
(2010河北省卷42. 1) Peter likes reading a newspaper_________ he is having breakfast.
　　A. until B. while C. because D. though
(2010.江苏省盐城市12. 1)Many students didn't realize the importance of study_____they left school.
　　A.when B.until C.as D.after
(2010四川省内江市39. 1)I don't know if it______tomorrow.If it______,we won't go on a picnic.
　　A.rains;rains B.will rain;rains C.will rain;will rain
(2010山东省潍坊市29. 1)You have to leave now________you can catch the early bus.
　　A.so that B.as soon as C.because D.if
(2010浙江省衢州市23. 1) You should go over your test paper _____ you hand it in .
　　A. before B. though C. because D. as soon as
(2010江苏省无锡市12. 1)Scientists say it may be a few years ______it is possible to test the new medicine on patients.
　　A.because B.after C.before D.since
(2010年上海市37. 1)We will have no water to drink _______we don't protect the earth.
　　A.until B.before C.though D.if
（2010江苏省扬州市41）-Could we play football in your playground,Sir?
　　-No,_______you have the principal's permission（校长许可）.
　　A.if B.unless C.because D.since
（2010四川省成都市35. 1）I won't be able to understand what you say,_______you speak too quickly.
　　A.if B.though C.because
（2010浙江省湖州市22，1）-Is everyone here today?
　　-No.Tom is at home_____he has got a bad cold.
　　A.because B.if C.until D.unless
（2010山西省27，1）In summer , food goes bad easily ________ it is put in the refrigerator.
　　A. until B. if C. unless
（2010河南省25，1）________it's difficult to make her dream come true，she never gives up
　　A.Though B.Unless C.Because D.If
（2010山东省莱芜市27，1）-I hear Jack Chan will come to Laiwu next week.
　　-Really? _______ he comes, my younger sister will be very happy,
　　A．If B．Until C．Unless D．Before
（2010贵州省铜仁市35，1）- May I go to the concert with you?
　　- I'm afraid not ____ you have a ticket, because I have only one.
　　A. since B. if C. unless D. though
（2010山东省菏泽市27，1）Mary spends a lot of money on clothes _______ her family is not rich.
　　A. because B. though C. if D. so
（2010黑龙江省鸡西市29，1）Usually, we don't know how important something is ______ we lose it.
　　A. or B. until C. as soon as
（2010广西省定西市15，1）She had a stomachache________she ate something bad.
　　A. so B. because C. or D. although
(2010福建三明29. 1)Many children like fried chicken _______it is unhealthy food.
　　A.if B.because C.although
（2010广西南宁32. 1）Mr.Brown knew nothing about the good news ______his wife told it to him.
　　A.before B.after C.since D.if
（2010四川达州29. 1） I don't know if Jack________. If he________ , call me, please.
　　A. will come; will comes B. comes; come
　　C. comes; will come D. will come; comes
（2010天津市41，1）We won't start the meeting ______our teacher arrives.
　　A.though B.until C.while D.or
（2010青海省宁夏33，1）-Did you catch what the teacher said?
　　-No. She spoke so fast _______ I couldn't hear her very clearly.
　　A. which B. that C. when D. since
（2010辽宁省沈阳市8，1） ____ it snowed heavily yesterday, nobody in our class missed the lesson．
　　A．Though B．Because C．Unless D．Since
（2010江苏省镇江市8，1）A tourist will easily lose his way in Beijing _________ he has a map or a guide.
　　A. if B. because C. unless D. when
（2010广东省18，1）The teacher speaks very loudly________all the students can hear her.
　　A. so that B. because C. since D. when

Keys: 【练习答案】
1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.B

真题演练
BBBAA CDBCA CAACB BBCAD BBACA