12月全国大学英语四级考试试卷及答题解析.doc

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12月全国大学英语四级考试试卷
　　Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)
　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled What Electives to Choose. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words following the outline given below in Chinese:
　　1. 各大学开设了各种各样的选修课;
　　2. 学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课;
　　3. 以你自己为例……
What Electives to Choose
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　　Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
　　Section A
　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
1. A) She used to be in poor health. C) She was somewhat overweight.
　B) She was popular among boys. D) She didn’t do well at high school.
2. A) At the airport. C) In a booking office.
　B) In a restaurant. D) At the hotel reception.
3. A) Teaching her son by herself. C) Asking the teacher for extra help.
　B) Having confidence in her son. D) Telling her son not to worry.
4. A) Have a short break. C) Continue her work outdoors.
　B) Take two weeks off. D) Go on vacation with the man.
5. A) He is taking care of this twin brother. C) He is worried about Rod’s health.
　B) He has been feeling ill all week. D) He has been in perfect condition.
6. A) She sold all her furniture before she moved house.
　B) She still keeps some old furniture in her new house.
　C) She plans to put all her old furniture in the basement.
　D) She brought a new set of furniture from Italy last month.
7. A) The woman wondered why the man didn’t return the book.
　B) The woman doesn’t seem to know what the book is about.
　C) The woman doesn’t find the book useful any more.
　D) The woman forgot lending the book to the man.
8. A) Most of the man’s friends are athletes. C) The man doesn’t look like a sportsman.
　B) Few people share the woman’s opinion. D) The woman doubts the man’s athletic ability. Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9. A) She has packed it in one of her bags. C) She has probably left it in a taxi.
　B) She is going to get it at the airport. D) She is afraid that she has lost it.
10. A) It ends in winter, C) It will last one week.
　 B) It will cost her a lot. D) It depends on the weather.
11. A) The plane is taking off soon. C) There might be a traffic jam.
　 B) The taxi is waiting for them. D) There is a lot of stuff to pack.
12. A) At home. C) At the airport.
　 B) In the man’s car. D) By the side of a taxi.
Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
13. A) She is thirsty for promotion. C) She is tired of her present work.
　 B) She wants a much higher salary. D) She wants to save travel expenses.
14. A) Translator. C) Language instructor.
　 B) Travel agent. D) Environmental engineer.
15. A) Lively personality and inquiring mind. C) Devotion and work efficiency.
　 B) Communication skills and team spirit. D) Education and experience.
Section B
　　Directions: In this section, you will hear3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A) They care a lot about children. 　　
B) They need looking after in their old age.
C) They want to enrich their life experience.
D) They want children to keep them company.
17. A) They are usually adopted from distant places.
　 B) Their birth information is usually kept secret.
　 C) Their birth parents often try to conceal their birth information.
　 D) Their adoptive parents don’t want them to know their birth parents.
18. A) They generally hold bad feelings towards their birth parents.
　 B) They do not want to hurt the feelings of their adoptive parents.
　 C) They have mixed feelings about finding their natural parents.
　 D) They are fully aware of the expenses involved in the search.
19. A) Early adoption makes for closer parent-child relationship.
　 B) Most people prefer to adopt children from overseas.
　 C) Understanding is the key to successful adoption.
　D) Adoption has much to do with love.
Passage Two
Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.
20. A) He suffered from mental illness.
B) He bought The Washington Post.
C) He turned a failing newspaper into a success.
D) He was once a reporter for a major newspaper.
21. A) She was the first woman to lead a big U. S. publishing company.
　 B) She got her first job as a teacher at the University of Chicago.
　 C) She committed suicide because of her mental disorder.
　 D) She took over her father’s position when he died.
22. A) People came to see the role of women in the business world.
　 B) Katharine played a major part in reshaping Americans’ mind.
　 C) American media would be quite different without Katharine.
　 D) Katharine had exerted an important influence on the world.
Passage Three
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just beard.
23. A) It’ll enable them to enjoy the best medical care. 　　
B) It’ll allow them to receive flee medical treatment.
C) It’ll protect them from possible financial crises.
D) It’ll prevent the doctors from overcharging them.
24. A) They can’t immediately get back the money paid for their medical cost.
　 B) They have to go through very complicated application procedures.
　 C) They can only visit doctors who speak their native languages.
　 D) They may not be able to receive timely medical treatment.
25. A) They don’t have to pay for the medical services.
　 B) They needn’t pay the entire medical bill at once.
　 C) They must send the receipts to the insurance company promptly.
　 D) They have to pay a much higher price to get an insurance policy.
Section C
　　Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
　　You probably have noticed that people express similar ideas in different ways 26 the situation they are in. This is very natural. All languages have two general levels of usage: a formal level and an informal level. English is no 27 . The difference in these two levels is the situation in which you use a 28 level. Formal language is the kind of language you find in text books,. 29 books and in business letters. You would also use formal English in 30 and essays that you write in school. Informal language is used in conversation with 31 , family members and friends, and when we write personal notes or letters to close friends.
　　Formal language is different from informal language in several ways. First, formal language 32 be more polite. What we may find interesting is that it usually takes more words to be polite. For example, I might say to a friend or a family member, "Close the door, please," but to a 33 , I probably would say "Would you mind closing the door?"
　　Another difference between formal and informal language is some of the 34 . There are bound to be some words and phrases that belong in formal language and others that are informal. Let’s say that I really like soccer. If I am talking to my friend, I might say "I am just 35 soccer!" But if I were talking to my boss, I would probably say "I really enjoy soccer. "
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
　　Section A
　　Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choice. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
　　Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
　　As war spreads to many comers of the globe, children sadly have been drawn into the center of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups of children have been taking part in peace education 36 . The children, after learning to resolve conflicts, took on the 37 of peacemakers. The Children’s Movement for Peace in Colombia was even nominated (提名) for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998. Groups of children 38 as peacemakers studied human rights and poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in Bogotá known as The Schools of Peace.
　　The classroom 39 opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with 40 , peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step 41 toward becoming peacemakers. Fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are 42 useful when helping children along the path to peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in 1992, provides a Website with resources for teachers and 43 on starting a Kindness Campaign. The World Centers of Compassion for Children International call attention to children’s rights and how to help the 44 of war. Starting a Peacemakers’ Club is a praiseworthy venture for a class and one that could spread to other classrooms and ideally affect the culture of the 45 school.
　　A) acting I) information
　　B) assuming J) offers
　　C) comprehensive K) projects
　　D) cooperative L) respectively
　　E) entire M) role
　　F) especially N) technology
　　G) forward O) victims
　　H) images
　　Section B
　　Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
How to Make Peace with Your Workload
　　A) Swamped (忙碌的), under the gun, just struggling to stay above water. . . ; whatever office cliché you employ to depict it, we’ve all been in that situation where we feel like we might be swallowed up by our workload. Nonetheless many a way may be used to manage your to-do list to prevent feeling overwhelmed. How to make peace with your workload once and for all goes as follows.
　　B) Get organized. "Clear the deadwood out of your desk and keep your office in shape, which enhances your capability to handle other tasks and raises the probability that you’ll retrieve the items you do need in a faster and easier fashion, " says Jeff Davidson who works as a work/life expert and writer of more than 50 books on workplace issues. "When something can be disposed, let it go, given in reality most of what you retain is replaceable. " Joel Rudy, vitae president of operations for Photographic Solutions, with better than thirty years of business management experience, believes that keeping organized is a must. "Messy work areas are nonproductive in some measure. Provided that you can’t locate a document or report easily because it’s lost in a pile of mess, then you have a problematic situation, " he says. "Thereby you are supposed to take the time to tidy up your work areas and keep your important files, manuals and reports in an accessible location, which will maximize your efficiencies. "
　　C) Make a to-do list, then cover it up. It may sound weird, but it works, says Jessica Carlson, an account executive at Bluefish Design Studio which is an advertising consulting firm. Carlson urges her team to utilize to-do lists to stay on track and highlight items that are a priority. "Cover up the list, with the exception of one high-priority task at one time, " she suggests. "This will allow you to focus better on the task at hand; otherwise, it will be easy to get overwhelmed if you’re reading through a to-do list that spans an entire page. Concentrating on a single item will make your tasks appear like they are more doable, " Carlson says.
　　D) Stop multitasking. Despite what you may consider multitasking, it’s counterproductive. Unless you’re drinking coffee while scanning your morning e-mails, you’re not saving any time by attempting to do ten things at once. "If you find yourself getting tangled in too many things, it may be of much necessity of you to re-evaluate your involvement, " Rudy says. "Your mind will wander from one topic to another and you may end up never accomplishing a thing. " Rudy recommends the best way to stop multitasking is to create priority lists with deadlines. "When applicable, complete one project before you move further on to the next one, " he says.
　　E) Set time limits. Deborah Chaddock-Brown, a work-at-home single parent, says she’s frequently overwhelmed by the demands of maintaining order in her