英语词汇学教程(练习答案)(1)解析.doc
《英语词汇学教程(练习答案)(1)解析.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英语词汇学教程(练习答案)(1)解析.doc(14页珍藏版)》请在咨信网上搜索。
《英语词汇学教程》(2004 年版)练习答案 Chapter 1 7. Choose the standard meaning from the list on the right to match each of the slang words on the left. a. tart: loose woman b. bloke: fellow c. gat: pistol d. swell: great e. chicken: coward f. blue: fight g. smoky: police h. full: drunk i. dame: woman j. beaver: girl 8. Give the modern equivalents for the following archaic words. haply = perhaps albeit = although methinks = it seems to me eke = also sooth = truth morn = morning troth = pledge ere = before quoth = said hallowed = holy billow = wave / the sea bade = bid 12. Categorize the following borrowed words into denizens, aliens, translation loans, and semantic loans. Denizens: kettle, die, wall, skirt, husband Aliens: confrere, pro patria, Wunderkind, mikado, parvenu Translation loans: chopstick, typhoon, black humour, long time no see Semantic loans: dream Chapter 2 1. Why should students of English lexicology study the Indo-European Language Family? The Indo-European Language Family is one of the most important language families in the world. It is made up of most of the languages of Europe, the Near East and India. English belongs to this family and the other members of the Indo-European have more or less influence on English vocabulary. Knowledge of the Indo-European Language Family will help us understand English words better and use them more appropriately. 2. Make a tree diagram to show the family relations of the modern languages given below. Indo-European Language Family Balto-Slavic Indo-Iranian Celtic Italian Hellenic Germanic Roumanian Hindi Breton Spanish Greek English Lithuanian Persian Scottish French Swedish Prussian Irish Italian German Polish Portuguese Norweigian Slavenian Icelandic Russian Danish Bulgarian Dutch 6. Here is a text chosen from the Declaration of Independence. “When in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bonds which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth separate and equal station to which the laws of nature and of nature’s God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.” Pick out all the words of Greek or Latin origin from the text and see of what origin are the words left. What insight does this exercise give you with reference to the borrowings from Greek and Latin? “When in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bonds which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth separate and equal station to which the laws of nature and of nature’s God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.” Most of the content words are either of Greek or Latin origin. What are left are mostly functional words. This shows that Greek and Latin play a very important part in the English vocabulary. 8. Tell the different elements that make up the following hybrids. eventful [Latin + English] falsehood [ Latin + English] saxophone [German + Greek] joss house [ Portuguese + English] hydroplane [Greek + Latin] pacifist [Latin + Greek] heirloom [ French + English] television [Greek + Latin] 9. Put the following French loan words into two groups, one being early borrowings and the other late ones. amateur (late) finacé (late) empire (early) peace (E) courage (E) garage (L) judgement (E) chair (E) chaise (L) grace (E) servant (E) routine (L) jealous (E) savaté (L) genre (L) gender (E) début (L) morale (L) state (E) chez (L) ballet (L) 11. Match the Italian musical terms with the proper definitons. allegro, f. in fast tempo轻快 andante, j. in moderate tempo行板 diminuendo, g. decreasing in volume渐弱 largo, d. in a slow stately manner缓慢 pianoforte, a. soft and loud轻转强 alto, i. lowest singing boice for woman女低音 crescendo, b. increasing in volume渐强 forte, e. loud强 piano, h. soft轻 soprano, c. highest singing voice for women女高音 12. Look up these words in a dictionary to determine the language from which eachhas been borrowed. cherub (Hebrew) coolie (Hindi) lasso (Sp) shampoo (Indian) tepee (Am Ind) kibitz (G) chipmunk (Am Ind) cotton (Arab) loot (Hindi) snorkel (G) tulip (Turk) wok (Ch) chocolate (Mex) jubilee (Gr) Sabbath (Heb) tamale (Mex) voodoo (Afr) sauerbraten (G) 13. Here is a menu of loan words from various sources. Choose a word to fill in each space. a. A crocodile much resembles an _____ in appearance. b. “To give up a young lady like that,” said Andy. “A man would have to be plumb _____. c. There was a big increase this summer in the number of competitors in calf roping at the annual _____ held in Three Forks. d. This duke ranch we have developed has done well so far, but it promises next year to be a real _____ , enough to make us all rich. e. Some Eskimos build a winter shelter from snow called an _____. f. The Germans perfected a type of motorized attack in the Second World War that they called a _____. g. The Algonquin Indian in eastern and central North America lived in a domed shelter they called a _____. h. Columbus in 1493 used a Carib Indian word _____ to describe the small boats the native used. i. In the West Indies the local name fro a violent tropical cyclone is a _____. j. The Australian aborigines use a throwing stick that they call a _____. k. “Look like rain, boy,” sang out Luke. “Better get out your _____.” a. alligator b. loco c. rodeo d. bonanza e. igloo f. blitzkrieg g. wigwam h. canoe i. hurricane j. boomerang k. panchos Chapter 3 1. Write the term in the blanks accoding to the definitions. a. a minimal meaningful unit of a language ( ) b. one of the variants that realize a morpheme ( ) c. a moepheme that occurs with at least one other morpheme ( ) d. a morpheme that can stand alone ( ) e. a morpheme attached to a base, stem or root ( ) f. an affix that indicates grammatical relationships ( ) g. an affix that forms new words with a base, stem or root ( ) h. what ratains of a word after the removal of all affies ( ) i. that part of a word that can take inflectional affixes ( ) j. a form to which affixes of any kind can be added ( ) a. morpheme b. allomorph c. bound morpheme d. free morpheme e. affix f. informational affix g. derivational affix h. root i. stem j. base 3. individualistic individualist + ic [stem, base] individual + ist [stem, base] individu + al [stem, base] in + dividu [root, stem, base] undesirables un + desirable [stem, base] desir + able [root, stem, base] 4. Organize the following terms in a tree diagram to show their logical relationships. affix morpheme derivational affix free root bound root inflectional affix prefix free morpheme bound morpheme suffix morpheme – free morpheme = free root -- bound morpheme – bound root -- affix – inflectional affix -- derivational affix – prefix -- suffix Chapter 4 Affixation 5. Form negatives with each of the following words by using one of these prefixes dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, non-, un-. non-smoker disobey immature unwillingness illogical non-athletic incapable insecurity inability/disability illegal disloyal unofficially disagreement inconvenient impractical irrelevant 6. Turn the following nouns and adjectives into verbs with –en, -ify, -ize and then choose them to fill in the blanks in the sentences that follow. harden memorize deepen lengthen fatten horrify falsify glorify intensify sympathize modernize apologize sterilize beautify a. apologized b. beautify c. lengthening d. sympathized e. fatten f. falsify g. memorizing h. Sterilize 7. Each of the following sentences contains a word printed in italics. Complete the sentence by using this word to form a noun to refer to a person. a. If you are employed by a company, you are one of its _____. b. A _____ is someone whose job is politics. c. The _____ in a discussion are the people who participate in it. d. A woman who works as a _____ does the same job as a waiter. e. The person who conducts an orchestra or choir is called the _____. f. Your _____ is the person who teaches you. g. A _____ is someone who earns their living by playing the piano. h. If someone examnines you, you are the _____ and he or she is the _____. a. employee b. politician c. participant d. waitress e. conductor f. teacher g. pianist h. examinee/examiner 8. Match Colume A with Colume B and give two examples for each. trans- = across: transcontinental, trans-world trans-world mono- = one: monorail, monoculture super- = over, above: superstructure, supernatural auto- = self: autobiography, automobile sub- = bad, badly: malpractice, malnutrition mini- = little, small: minicrisis, miniwar pre- = before: prehistorical, preelection ex- = former: ex-teacher, ex-filmer Compounding 2. Analyse the following compound words and explain their internal grammatical relationship. heartbeat [S + V] movie-goer [place + V] far- reaching [V + Adv] lion-hearted [adv + a] boyfriend [S + complement] snap decision [V + O] on-coming [V +adv] brainwashing [V + O] baking powder [ V +adv] dog-tired [adv + a] love-sick [adv + a] peace-loving [V +O] easy chair [ a + n] tax-free [adv +a] light-blue [a + a] goings-on [V +adv] 4. Form compounds using the following either as the first or the second element of the compound as indicated and translate the words into Chinese. well-bred / well-behaved, needle work / homework, bar-woman / sportswoman, clear-minded / strong-minded, self-control / self-respect, water-proof / fire-proof, news-film / news-letter, sister-in-law / father-in-law, half-way / half-done, age-conscious / status-conscious, culture-bound / homebound, praiseworthy / respectworthy, nation-wide / college-wide, military-style / newstyle, budget-related / politics-related, once-fashionable / once-powerful, mock-attack / mock-sadness, home-baked / home-produced, ever-lasting / ever-green, campus-based / market-based Conversion 7. Pick out the words which you think are converted in the following sentences and tell how they are converted. a. We can’t stomach such an insult. b. Robert Acheson roomed right next to me. c. he wolfed down his lunch d. There is no come and go with her. e. I’m one of his familiars. f. Poor innocents! g. She flatted her last note. h. The engineers ahed and ouched at the new machines. i. Come to the fire and have a warm. j. Is Bill Jackson a has-been or a might-have-been? k. He Hamleted at the chance and then he regretted for it. l. These shoes were an excellent buy. m. He turned his head and smoothed back the hair over one temple. a. stomach [n → v] b. room [n → v] c. wolf [n → v] d. come/go [v → n] e. familiar [a → n] f. innocent [a → n] g. flat [a → n] h. ah / ouch [int → v] i. warm [a → n] j. has-been / might-have-been [finite v → n] k. Hamlet [proper n → v] l. buy [v → n] m. smooth [a → v] Blending Analyse the blends and translate them into Chinese. motel (motor + hotel) 汽车旅馆 humint (human + intelligence) 谍报 advertisetics (advertisement + statistics) 广告统计学 psywarrior (psychological warrior) 心理战专家 hoverport (hovercraft + port) 气垫船码头 chunnel (channel + tunnel) 海峡隧道 hi-fi (high + fidelity) 高保真录音设备 cinemactress (cinema + actress) 电影女演员 Clipping Restore the full forms of the following words and see how these clipped words are formed. copter (helicopter) ab (laboratory) gas (gasoline) scope (telescope) sarge (sergeant) ad (advertisement) dorm (dormitory) prefab (prefabricated house) prof (professor) champ (champion) mike (microphone) tec (detective) Acronymy 2. What do the short forms stand for? kg = kilogram cm = centimeter ibid = ibidem ft = foot $ = dollar etc. = et cetera cf = confer VIP = very important person OPEC = Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries TOEFL = teaching of English as a foreign language 3. Choose a word from the list to fill in each of the blanks. a. There was a wide coverage of the _____ talks in the press. b. There are enemy aircraft on the _____ screen. c. _____ is still an incurable disease. d. If one knows _____ language, one will find it easy to learn how to use computers. e. _____ has long been applied to surgery in medicine. f. _____ is an international agency of the United Nations which is concerned with improving health standards and services throughout the world. g. Passive _____ listens for noises emanating from a submarine. h. The person who works for the Federal Bureau of Investigation is called a _____. a. SALT b. radar c. AIDS d. BASIC e. Laser f. WHO g. sonar h. G-man Backformation 2. Give the original words from which the following words are back-formed. lase (laser) escalate (escalator) babysit (babysitter) peeve (peevish) orate (orator) commute (commuter) Commonization of Proper Names Study the following sentences and pick out the words which used to be proper names and explain the meanings in relation to their origins. a. tantalize—Tantalus b. Argus-eyed—Argus c. narcissism—Narcissus d. sabotage—sabots e. martinet—Martinet f. yahoo—Yahoo g. Shylock—Shylock h. hoovering—Hoover i. utopia—Utopia j. Uncle Tommism—Uncle Tom Chapter 5 6. Match the words in Colume A with those in Colume B. A B apes—b cattle—m doves—c geese—k wolves—g pigs—l turkeys—d birds—a cricket—n foxes—j sheep—f monkeys—e hyenas—h swans—i 9. a. A scientist working in a project to develop industrial uses for nuclear power might have all the positive associations with “atomic”, such as “benefit, energy”, etc. b. A Japanese resident of Hiroshima, victim of the atomic explosion at the end of World War II, might have all the negative associations with “atomic”, such as “suffering, killing, death, horror", etc. c. To a student of nuclear physics, “atomic” might be associated with “mystery, science, knowledge”, etc. 10. talkative: implying a fondness for talking frequently and at length (neutral) articulate: expressing oneself eas- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 英语 词汇学 教程 练习 答案 解析
咨信网温馨提示:
1、咨信平台为文档C2C交易模式,即用户上传的文档直接被用户下载,收益归上传人(含作者)所有;本站仅是提供信息存储空间和展示预览,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上载内容不做任何修改或编辑。所展示的作品文档包括内容和图片全部来源于网络用户和作者上传投稿,我们不确定上传用户享有完全著作权,根据《信息网络传播权保护条例》,如果侵犯了您的版权、权益或隐私,请联系我们,核实后会尽快下架及时删除,并可随时和客服了解处理情况,尊重保护知识产权我们共同努力。
2、文档的总页数、文档格式和文档大小以系统显示为准(内容中显示的页数不一定正确),网站客服只以系统显示的页数、文件格式、文档大小作为仲裁依据,个别因单元格分列造成显示页码不一将协商解决,平台无法对文档的真实性、完整性、权威性、准确性、专业性及其观点立场做任何保证或承诺,下载前须认真查看,确认无误后再购买,务必慎重购买;若有违法违纪将进行移交司法处理,若涉侵权平台将进行基本处罚并下架。
3、本站所有内容均由用户上传,付费前请自行鉴别,如您付费,意味着您已接受本站规则且自行承担风险,本站不进行额外附加服务,虚拟产品一经售出概不退款(未进行购买下载可退充值款),文档一经付费(服务费)、不意味着购买了该文档的版权,仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用,不得用于商业用途,未经授权,严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等,侵权必究。
4、如你看到网页展示的文档有www.zixin.com.cn水印,是因预览和防盗链等技术需要对页面进行转换压缩成图而已,我们并不对上传的文档进行任何编辑或修改,文档下载后都不会有水印标识(原文档上传前个别存留的除外),下载后原文更清晰;试题试卷类文档,如果标题没有明确说明有答案则都视为没有答案,请知晓;PPT和DOC文档可被视为“模板”,允许上传人保留章节、目录结构的情况下删减部份的内容;PDF文档不管是原文档转换或图片扫描而得,本站不作要求视为允许,下载前自行私信或留言给上传者【天****】。
5、本文档所展示的图片、画像、字体、音乐的版权可能需版权方额外授权,请谨慎使用;网站提供的党政主题相关内容(国旗、国徽、党徽--等)目的在于配合国家政策宣传,仅限个人学习分享使用,禁止用于任何广告和商用目的。
6、文档遇到问题,请及时私信或留言给本站上传会员【天****】,需本站解决可联系【 微信客服】、【 QQ客服】,若有其他问题请点击或扫码反馈【 服务填表】;文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等,请点击“【 版权申诉】”(推荐),意见反馈和侵权处理邮箱:1219186828@qq.com;也可以拔打客服电话:4008-655-100;投诉/维权电话:4009-655-100。
1、咨信平台为文档C2C交易模式,即用户上传的文档直接被用户下载,收益归上传人(含作者)所有;本站仅是提供信息存储空间和展示预览,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上载内容不做任何修改或编辑。所展示的作品文档包括内容和图片全部来源于网络用户和作者上传投稿,我们不确定上传用户享有完全著作权,根据《信息网络传播权保护条例》,如果侵犯了您的版权、权益或隐私,请联系我们,核实后会尽快下架及时删除,并可随时和客服了解处理情况,尊重保护知识产权我们共同努力。
2、文档的总页数、文档格式和文档大小以系统显示为准(内容中显示的页数不一定正确),网站客服只以系统显示的页数、文件格式、文档大小作为仲裁依据,个别因单元格分列造成显示页码不一将协商解决,平台无法对文档的真实性、完整性、权威性、准确性、专业性及其观点立场做任何保证或承诺,下载前须认真查看,确认无误后再购买,务必慎重购买;若有违法违纪将进行移交司法处理,若涉侵权平台将进行基本处罚并下架。
3、本站所有内容均由用户上传,付费前请自行鉴别,如您付费,意味着您已接受本站规则且自行承担风险,本站不进行额外附加服务,虚拟产品一经售出概不退款(未进行购买下载可退充值款),文档一经付费(服务费)、不意味着购买了该文档的版权,仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用,不得用于商业用途,未经授权,严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等,侵权必究。
4、如你看到网页展示的文档有www.zixin.com.cn水印,是因预览和防盗链等技术需要对页面进行转换压缩成图而已,我们并不对上传的文档进行任何编辑或修改,文档下载后都不会有水印标识(原文档上传前个别存留的除外),下载后原文更清晰;试题试卷类文档,如果标题没有明确说明有答案则都视为没有答案,请知晓;PPT和DOC文档可被视为“模板”,允许上传人保留章节、目录结构的情况下删减部份的内容;PDF文档不管是原文档转换或图片扫描而得,本站不作要求视为允许,下载前自行私信或留言给上传者【天****】。
5、本文档所展示的图片、画像、字体、音乐的版权可能需版权方额外授权,请谨慎使用;网站提供的党政主题相关内容(国旗、国徽、党徽--等)目的在于配合国家政策宣传,仅限个人学习分享使用,禁止用于任何广告和商用目的。
6、文档遇到问题,请及时私信或留言给本站上传会员【天****】,需本站解决可联系【 微信客服】、【 QQ客服】,若有其他问题请点击或扫码反馈【 服务填表】;文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等,请点击“【 版权申诉】”(推荐),意见反馈和侵权处理邮箱:1219186828@qq.com;也可以拔打客服电话:4008-655-100;投诉/维权电话:4009-655-100。
关于本文