中国古代传统文化翻译-中国特色词汇英语翻译.doc

中国古代传统文化翻译-中国特色词汇英语翻译

1. 元宵节： Lantern Festival
2. 刺绣：embroidery
3. 重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival
4. 清明节：Tomb sweeping day
5. 剪纸：Paper Cutting
6. 书法：Calligraphy
7. 对联：(Spring Festival) Couplets
8. 象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters
9. 人才流动：Brain Drain/Brain Flow
10. 四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle
11. 战国：Warring States
12. 风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen
13. 铁饭碗：Iron Bowl
14. 函授部：The Correspondence Department
15. 集体舞：Group Dance
16. 黄土高原：Loess Plateau
17. 红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals
18. 中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day
19. 结婚证：Marriage Certificate
20. 儒家文化：Confucian Culture
21. 附属学校：Affiliated school
22. 古装片：Costume Drama
23. 武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie
24. 元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling
25. 一国两制：One Country, Two Systems
26. 火锅：Hot Pot
27. 四人帮：Gang of Four
28. 《诗经》：The Book of Songs
29. 素质教育：Essential-qualities-oriented Education
30. 《史记》：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian
31. 大跃进：Great Leap Forward (Movement)
32. 《西游记》：The Journey to the West
33. 除夕：Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival
34. 针灸：Acupuncture
35. 唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery
36. 中国特色的社会主义：Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics
37. 偏旁：radical
38. 孟子：Mencius
39. 亭/阁： Pavilion/ Attic
40. 大中型国有企业：Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises
41. 火药：gunpowder
42. 农历：Lunar Calendar
43. 印/玺：Seal/Stamp
44. 物质精神文明建设：The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization
45. 京剧：Beijing Opera/Peking Opera
46. 秦腔：Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera
47. 太极拳：Tai Chi
48. 独生子女证：The Certificate of One-child
49. 天坛：Altar of Heaven in Beijing
50. 小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand
51. 红双喜：Double Happiness
52. 政治辅导员：Political Counselor/School Counselor
53. 春卷：Spring Roll(s)
54. 莲藕：Lotus Root
55. 追星族：Star Struck
56. 故宫博物院：The Palace Museum
57. 相声：Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue
58. 下岗：Lay off/Laid off
59. 北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck
60. 高等自学考试：Self-taught Examination of Higher Education
61. 烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker
62. 敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves
63. 电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit
64. 香港澳门同胞：Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao
65. 文化大革命：Cultural Revolution
66. 长江中下游地区：The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River
67. 门当户对：Perfect Match/Exact Match
68. 《水浒》：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh
69. 中外合资企业：Joint Ventures
70. 文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）："The Four Treasure of the Study" "Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone"

1、中国意念词（Chinesenesses）

八卦 trigram
阴、阳 yin, yang
道 Dao（cf. logo）
江湖（世界） the jianghu World （the traits’ world）
e.g. You can’t control everything in a traits’ world. (人在江湖，身不由己)
道 Daoism（Taoism）
上火 excessive internal heat
儒学 Confucianism
红学（《红楼梦》研究） redology
世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia
开放 kaifang （Chinese openness to the outside world）
大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done
伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded
不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on …
合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people
乱摊派，乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge
铁交椅 iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post
脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty
治则兴，乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline

2 、中华民族的喜庆节日（Chinese Festivial）

国庆节 National Day
中秋节 Mia-Autumn Festival
春节 Spring Festival
元宵节 Lantern Festival
儿童节 Children’s Day
端午节 Dragon Boat Festival
妇女节 Women’s Day
泼水节 Water-Splashing Day
五四青年节 Youth Day

3、中国独特的传统饮食（Unique Traditional Chinese Foods）

馄饨 wonton
花卷 steamed twisted rolls
套餐 set meal
盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away
米豆腐 rice tofu
魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu
米粉 rice noodles
冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.)
粉丝 glass noodles
豆腐脑 jellied bean curd

4 、中国新兴事物（Newly Sprouted Things）

中国电信 China Telecom
中国移动 China Mobile
十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan
中国电脑联网 Chinanet
三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project
希望工程 Project Hope
京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway
扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project
菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project
温饱工程 Decent-Life Project
安居工程 Economy Housing Project
扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign
西部大开发 Go-West Campaign

5 、特有的一些汉语词汇

禅宗 Zen Buddhism
禅 dhyana; dhgaya
混沌 chaos
道 Daosim, the way and its power
四谛 Four Noble Truth
八正道 Eightfold Path
无常 anity
五行说 Theory of Five Elements
无我 anatman
坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation
空 sunyata
虚无 nothingness
双喜 double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英)
小品 witty skits
相声 cross-talk
噱头；掉包袱 gimmick, stunt
夜猫子 night people; night-owls
本命年 this animal year of sb.
处世之道 philosophy of life
姻缘 yinyuan（prefixed fate of marriage）
还愿 redeem a wish (vows)

6 、具有文化特色的现代表述

大陆中国 Mainland China
红色中国 socialist China
四化 Four Modernizations
终生职业 job-for-life
铁饭碗 iron rice bowl
大锅饭 communal pot
关系户 closely-related units
外出打工人员 migrant workers
关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild
五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals
四美（心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美）： the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment

7 、中国古代独特事物（Unique Ancient Chinese Items）

宣纸 rice paper
衙门 yamen
叩头 kowtow
孔子Confucius
武术 wushu（Chinese Martial Arts）
功夫 kungfu ；kung fu
中庸 the way of medium （cf. Golden Means）
中和 harmony (zhonghe)
孝顺 to show filial obedience
孝子 dutiful son
家长 family head
三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife
五常：仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity
八股文 eight-legged essays
多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness
养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one’s old age

8、 近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译

基层监督 grass-roots supervision
基础税率 base tariff level
婚介所 matrimonial agency
婚外恋 extramarital love
婚纱摄影 bride photo
黑心棉 shoddy cotton
机器阅卷 machine scoring
即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery
集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development
价格听证会 public price hearings
甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team
家政服务 household management service
加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion
假帐 accounting fraud
叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel
矫情 use lame arguments
借调 temporarily transfer
渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence
扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.
扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption
安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents
智力密集型 concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive
外资企业 overseas-funded enterprises
下岗职工 laid-off workers
分流 reposition of redundant personnel
三角债 chain debts
素质教育 education for all-round development
豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects
社会治安情况 law-and-order situation
民族国家 nation state
“台独” "independence of Taiwan"
台湾当局 Taiwan authorities
台湾同胞 Taiwan compatriots
台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory.
西部大开发 Development of the West Regions
可持续性发展 sustainable development
风险投资 risk investment
通货紧缩 deflation
扩大内需 to expand domestic demand
计算机辅助教学 computer-assisted instruction ( CAI )
网络空间 cyberspace
虚拟现实 virtual reality
网民 netizen ( net citizen )
电脑犯罪 computer crime
电子商务 the e-business
网上购物 shopping online
应试教育 exam-oriented education
学生减负 to reduce study load
总裁助理　assistant　president
综合治理　comprehensive　treatment
安居工程　housing　project　for　low-income　urban　residents
信息化　information-based;　informationization
智力密集型　concentration　of　brain　power;　knowledge-intensive
外资企业　overseas-funded　enterprises
下岗职工　laid-off　workers
分流　reposition　of　redundant　personnel
素质教育　education　for　all-round　development
通货紧缩　deflation
扩大内需　to　expand　domestic　demand
计算机辅助教学　computer-assisted　instruction　(　CAI　)
下海　plunge　into　the　commercial　sea
下网　off　line
小康之家　well-off　family;　comfortably-off　family
新秀　up-and-coming　star,　rising　star
新新人类　New　Human　Being　;　X　Generation
形象小姐　image　representative　of　a　product　or　a　brand
虚拟网　virtual　net
学生处　students"　affairs　division
研究生毕业证　/　学位证　graduate　diploma/graudate　degree"sdiploma
摇钱树　cash　cow以人为本　people　oriented;　people　foremost
义务教育　compulsory　education　
易拉罐　pop　can
应试教育　examination-oriented　education　system
舆论导向　direction　of　public　opinion
运球　dribble
在职博士生　on-job　doctorate
早恋　puppy　love
招生就业指导办公室　enrolment　and　vocation　guidance　office
证券营业部　stock　exchange;　security　exchange
知识产权　intellectual　property　rights
中专生　secondary　specialized　or　technical　school　student
中流砥柱　mainstay,　chief　corner　stone
专卖店　exclusive　agency;　franchised　store
自我保护意识　self-protection　awareness
综合国力　comprehensive　national　strength
综合业务数字网　integrated　service　digital　network　(ISDN)
公正、公平、公开　just,　fair　and　open
好莱坞大片　Hollywood　blockbuster
黄金时段　prime　time　
假唱　lip-synch
劲射　power　shot
拉拉队　cheering　squad
来电显示电话机　caller　ID　telephone
论文答辩　(thesis)　oral　defense
泡沫经济　bubble　economy
票贩子　scalper,　ticket　tout
拳头产品　competitive　products;　knock-out　products;blockbuster
三角恋爱　love　triangle
三维动画片　three-dimensional　animation
"扫黄"/"打非"　eliminate　pornography　and　illegalpublications
申办奥运会　bid　for　the　Olympic　Games
实现中华民伟大复兴　bring　about　a　great　rejuvenation　of　the　Chinesenation
市场疲软　sluggish　market
素质教育　education　for　all-around　development
筒子楼：　tube-shaped　apartment
脱贫致富　cast　(shake,　throw)　off　poverty　and　set　out　on　a　road　toprosperty
网吧　Internet　bar
网恋　online　love　affair
网上冲浪　surf　the　Internet
网上交易平台　online　trading　platform
无人售票　self-service　ticketing
无绳来电显示电话　cordless　telephone　with　caller　ID
无线应用协议　WAP　（　wireless　application　protocol　）

商品的分类:

1.frozen food 速冻食品2.dairy products 牛产品
3.packaged foods 包装食品4.cleaning supplies 清洁用品
5.personal-care supplies 个人护理用品　7.car-care products 汽车护理用品
8.yard-care products 庭院护理用品

1.Convienience store便利店
2.Grocery store小卖部
3.Supermarket超市4.Drug store药店
5.Department store商场6.Discount store打折店
7.Factory outlets厂家直销点8.Specialty shop专卖店
9.Shopping mall/shopping center购物中心

1.dish 碟子silverware 银器cooking utensils 厨具pots 壶　pans 锅
2.Hardware department:
tool 工具
paint 涂料
light-fixture 灯饰
home improvement products 家庭装修用品
sewing machine 缝纫机
washer 洗碗机 　
dryer 烘干机
refrigerator 冰箱
vacuum sweeper 吸尘器
water heater 热水器
washing machine 洗衣机
air comditioner 空调
electric cooker 电炉
microwave oven 微波炉
pressure cooker 高压锅　
kettle 水壶
chopping board 切菜板
truner 锅铲　c
leaver 切肉刀
　executive desk 办公桌photocopier 复印机laser printer 激光打印机
floppy disk 软盘
fax machine 传真机
appointment book 记事簿
stapler 订书
filig box 档案分类箱
clip 纸夹
stationery cabinet 文具柜
stereos/High-Fi 高保真音响

　• 积压产品 overstocked commodities (inventories)
　　• 基因工程 genetic engineering 基因突变 genetic mutation
　　• 基因图谱 genome; Gene chip (DNA microarray)
　　• 绩优股 blue chip • 集约经营 intensive operation
　　• 记帐式国债 book-entry T-bonds
　　• 记帐式国库券 inscribed treasury bond
　　• 记者席 press box 记者招待会 press conference
　　• 家政服务 household management service
　　• 集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development
　　• 集资房 houses built on the funds collected by the buyers
　　• 加班 work extra shifts • 嘉宾 distinguished guest, honored guest
　　•假动作 "deception, feint"
　　• 价格浮动范围 price-float range 价格听证会 public price hearings
　　• 加工贸易 trade involving the processing of supplied raw materials
　　• 甲骨文 oracle bone in**ions
• 加快市场步伐 accelerate the marketization; quicken the pace of marketization
假冒伪劣产品 counterfeit and shoddy products 加密 encrypt