人教版新目标英语八年级上unit1知识点.doc

Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?
知识梳理
一、词型转换

Section A
1. wonder → (adj.) wonderful
2. I → (反身代词) myself
3. you → (反身代词) yourself
4. yourself → (pl.) yourselves
5. seem → (pt.) seemed

Section B
1. activity → (pl.) activities
2. decide → (n.) decision
3. try → (pt.) tried
4. bike → (同义词) bicycle
5. build → (n.) building
6. difference → (adj.) different
7. like → (反义词) dislike
8. below → (反义词) above

二、短语归纳

Section A
1. go to Central Park 去中央公园
2. on vacation 在度假
3. buy something special 买特别的东西
4. meet someone interesing 遇见有趣的人
5. go out with someone 和某人一起出去
6. take quite a few photos 拍相当多的照片
7. most of the time 大多数时间
8. go shopping 去购物
9. keep a diary 记日记
10. of course 当然；自然

Section B
1. have a good time 玩得高兴；过得愉快
2. go to the beach 去海滩
3. feel like 感觉像
4. the houses of the Chinese traders 中国商人的房子
5. a lot of new buildings 许多新的建筑物
6. in the past 在过去
7. over an hour 一个多小时
8. too many people 太多的人
9. get to the top 到达顶部
10. because of the bad weather 因为不好的天气
11. one bowl of fish 一碗鱼肉
12. another two hours 另外两个小时
13. the top of the hill 山顶
14. learn something important 学习重要的东西

Self Check
1. go to the countryside 去乡下
2. in the shopping center 在购物中心
3. have a fun time 玩得高兴；过得愉快
4. after three hours 三个小时以后
5. keep going 一直走
6. twenty minutes later 20分钟后

重点句子
1. Where did you go on vacation?
你去哪儿度假的？
2. Long time no see.
好久不见。
3. Did you go anywhere interesting?
你去有趣的地方了吗？
4. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.
大多数时间我只是待在家里看书和放松。
5. I bought something for my father.
我给我爸爸买了些东西。
6. Everything was excellent.
一切都很棒。
7. How did you like it?
你觉得它怎么样？
8. I arrived at Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.
今天早晨我和家人到达马来西亚的槟城。
9. For lunch, we had something very special.
午饭我们吃了很特别的东西。
10. …but many of the old buildings are still there.
…但是许多旧的建筑还在那里。
11. My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today.
今天我和爸爸决定去槟城山。
12. And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below.
并且因为糟糕的天气，我们看不见下面的任何东西。

合作探究
一、 难点讲练
·讲一讲 1·
Oh, did you go to anywhere interesting?
哦，你去过有趣的地方吗？
此句中的anywhere为副词，意为“在任何地方”，其前面的介词要省略，定语应该后置。Anywhere主要用于否定句或疑问句中，肯定句中应该用somewhere。例如：
We went somewhere nice yesterday.
昨天我们去了一个美丽的地方。

·练一练 1·
1. Last week, I went ________ and I took lots of photos.
A. interesting somewhere
B. somewhere interesting
C. interesting anywhere
D. anywhere interesting
2. Did you go ____？
A. warm somewhere
B. anywhere warm
C. warm anywhere
D. somewhere warm
3. Mr. Smith is going to retire in a quiet and beautiful place.(同义句转换)
Mr. Smith is going to retire ________ ________ and ________.
4. I can’t find my pen ________.
A. somewhere
B. nowhere
C. anywhere
D. everywhere
·讲一讲 2·
Did you do anything special last month?
上个月你做特别的事情了吗？
(1)由some与one, thing, body构成的不定代词主要用于肯定句；由any与one, thing, body构成的不定代词主要用于否定或疑问句。例如：
There is something wrong with my bike.
我的自行车出毛病了。
I can’t see anyone in the classroom.
在教室里我没看见任何人。
(2)修饰不定代词something, anyone等的词要放在不定代词的后面。例如：
Did you meet anyone interesting?
你遇见有趣的人了吗？
【注意】这些不定代词作主语时看作单数，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
Everyone was on vacation.
所有的人都在度假。
·练一练 2·
5. I bought something for my farther.(改为否定句)
I ________ _________ ___________ for my farther.
6. Did you go out with anyone？(改为肯定句)
I ________ out with ________.
7. I bought nothing.(同义句转换)
I ________ ________ ________.
8. Is there ________ with your bike?
A. anything wrong
B. wrong anything
C. something wrong
D. wrong something
9. There is ________ for you if you put your heart into it.
A. difficult nothing
B. nothing easy
C. nothing difficult
D. something easy
10. —what did you buy for your daughter?
—I bought ________, because I couldn’t find ________ she likes.
A. something, anything
B. anything, something
C. nothing, anything
D. something, nothing

·讲一讲 3·
I bought something for my father.
我给爸爸买了些东西。
buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.

get sb. sth. = get sth. for sb.
为某人买某物
例如：
My mother bought a new bike for me as my birthday gift.
我妈妈给我买了一辆新自行车作为生日礼物。
Did he buy you a book?
他给你买了一本书吗？
Please get some bread for me.
请给我买些面包。

·练一练 3·
11. My brother bought me a new bike yesterday.(同义句转换)
My brother ________ a new bike ________ me yesterday.
12. Did Tom buy a big house for his parents? (同义句转换)
Did Tom ________ ________ ________ a big house?
13. Please get me some tea. (同义句转换)
Please ________ some tea ________ me.
14. I bought a gift a for my daughter.(改为否定句)
I ________ ________ a gift for my daughter.
15. —When ________ you ________ the bike?
—Last month.
A. have，bought
B. had, bought
C. do, buy
D. did, buy
·讲一讲 4·
Did everyone have a good time?
所有的人都玩得很高兴吗？
Have a good/great/wonderful time = have fun doing sth. = enjoy oneself 玩得高兴。例如：
We had fun playing on the beach.
我们在沙滩上玩得很开心。
Did you enjoy yourself last weekend?
上周末你玩得高兴吗？

·练一练 4·
16. 昨天他们玩得很开心。
They ________ ________ ________ ________ yesterday.
17. Who ________ on the school trip last week?
A. had a great fun
B. had very good time
C. had great fun
D. enjoy themselves
18. I hope you will have fun during your visit to Paris.
A. get bored
B. be funny
C. have a great time
D. have happy
19. He has a lot of fun ________.
A. camp
B. camping
C. to camp
D. camped
20. I’m sorry you ________ fun on your day off.
A. have
B. had
C. didn’t have
D. don’t have

语法归纳
一般过去时
1. 概念
表示过去发生的动作，常与过去的时间状语连用。例如：
yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last month, in 2008等。
2. 谓语构成：（1）动词的过去式（2）was/were
3. 句式 主+动词的过去式……
（1）肯定句
主+was/were…
主+didn’t…
(2) 否定句
主+wasn’t/weren’t…

Did+主…?
(3) 一般疑问句
Was/Were+主…？
肯定或否定回答
Yes, 主+did./ No, 主+didn’t.

Yes, 主+was/were./ No, 主+wasn’t/weren’t
例如：
He went to the zoo yesterday.
昨天他去了动物园。
否定句：He didn’t go to the zoo yesterday.
一般疑问句：Did he go to the zoo yesterday?
肯定回答：Yes, he did.
否定回答：No, he didn’t.
Mary was born in Beijing.
玛丽在北京出生。
否定句：Mary wasn’t born in Beijing.
一般疑问句：Was Mary born in Beijing?
肯定回答：Yes, she was.
否定回答：No, she wasn’t.
(4)特殊疑问句由“疑问词+一般疑问句”构成，例如：
He was born in 1985.→When was he born?
He hiccupped for 69 years and 5 months. → How long did he hiccup?
He started hiccupping in 1992. → When did he start hiccupping?

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