人教版英语选修7各单元重要知识点归纳与整理.doc

选修七Unit 1 Living well一、语言要点I单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词汇部分词语辨析1.all in all/ in all/ at all/ after all/ above all/ first of all 词形变化1. disability n.无能；残疾disabled adj.伤残的able adj.能干的；能够的2. ambition n.野心，雄心ambitious adj.有雄心的，野心勃勃的3.beneficial adj.有益的benefit v.&n.受益；利益，好处4. independent adj.独立的independence n.独立depend v.依靠，依赖5.encouragement n.鼓励encourage v.鼓励courage n.勇气，精神重点单词1. ambition (n.) 雄心2. beneficial (adj.) 有益的 3. adapt (v.) 使适应;改编 4. conduct (n.) 行为 (v.) 指挥 5. resign (v.) 辞职6. companion (n.) 同伴7. access n. （接近的）方法；通路；可接近性8. suitable adj.适合的, 适当的;9. annoy vt. 使生气，使烦恼; 招惹; 妨碍10. adequate adj.适当的, 足够的重点词组in other words 换句话说 cut out 切掉,删掉 out of breath 上气不接下气sit around 闲坐着 make fun of 取笑 all the best一切顺利 as well as 也, 又; 和一样好重点句型1. She is proud to have taken part in competitions and to have broken a record by running two laps(800 metres) this year.2. The few who cannot see the real person inside my body do not make me annoyed, and I just ignore them.3. I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself.4. Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.重点语法复习不定式(见语法专题) II 词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1). all in all/ in all/ at all/ after all/ above all/ first of all 【解释】all in all总而言之in all总共at all根本after all毕竟；别忘了（放句首时）above all最重要, 首先first of all首先【练习】选择all in all/ in all/ at all/ after all/ above all或first of all并用其适当的形式填空1) Dont blame him too much. _, he is a small child. 2) According to the survey, _ there are nearly one million people in this small city out of work during the economic crisis.3) I am glad to join you in this game, but _ please allow me to introduce myself to you.4) The parents didnt worry about their daughter _, for they believed she could succeed in getting the first prize.5) When traveling abroad, _, you need to prepare your passport.6) There are many beautiful sentences in your article and its handwriting is good too. _, Im quite satisfied with it.Keys: 1) After all 2) in all 3) first of all 4) at all 5) above all 6) All in allIII 词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）1. disability n.无能；残疾disabled adj.伤残的able adj.能干的；能够的2. ambition n.野心，雄心ambitious adj.有雄心的，野心勃勃的3.beneficial adj.有益的benefit v.&n.受益；利益，好处4. independent adj.独立的independence n.独立depend v.依靠，依赖5.encouragement n.鼓励encourage v.鼓励courage n.勇气，精神【练习】根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1)The _ girl swims well in spite of her _.(disable) 2) Robert is a very _ man and one of his _ is to travel in Antarctica. (ambition)3) If you want to be a _, you should work hard at _ and care for _ situations. (politics)4) It is known to all that fresh air is _ to our health and the new park _ us all, so we should keep it clean.(benefit)5) The boy who used to _on his parents now wants the _ from them and is learning to be _.(depend)6) Praise acts as an _ to the players, and therefore they will feel _ and get the _to continue and improve their performance.(encourage)7) My brother _ from a well-known American university. My parents attended his _ ceremony yesterday.(graduate) 8) When someone _ others on their success, he or she usually says “_”.(congratulate)9) This concert was _ by a famous _ from Vienna. (conduct) keys:1) disabled; disabilities 2) ambitious; ambitions 3) politician; politics; political 4) beneficial; benefits 5) depend; independence; independent 6) encouragement; encouraged; courage 7) graduated; graduation 8) congratulates; congratulations 9) conducted; conductorIV 重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. ambition (n.) 雄心重点用法ambitious adj. 志向远大的; 有雄心壮志的;有野心的be ambitious for power, social position, etc. 极欲获得权力, 社会地位等be ambitious of success渴望成功be ambitious to serve the people一心想为人民服务典例1) Her ambition is the presidency. 她的抱负是成为一名总统2) After several hours work, she had no ambition to go dancing. 没有精力去跳舞了3) The prince was attracted by the girls beauty, and ambitious to marry her.王子为女孩的美貌打动了，渴望能娶到她。练习 汉译英1) 他的理想就是环游世界。_2) 作为一个志向远大的领导者，他想带领当地人们过上幸福的生活。_Keys: 1)His ambition is to sail around the world. 2) As an ambitious leader, he wants to guide the local people to lead a happy life.2. beneficial (adj.) 有益的 重点用法benefit v. &n.有助于；受益；利益，好处be beneficial to sth./sb.对有益be of benefit to对有益for the benefit of为了(的利益)benefit from从中受益典例1) A temperate climate is beneficial to the health; 温和气候有利于健康.2) Sunshine is beneficial to plants. 阳光对植物有益。3) I hope what I have written will be of benefit to someone else who may feel the same way.我希望我写的这些将对有同感的人有帮助.4) Both sides have benefited from the talks.双方都从和谈中受益。练习 汉译英1) 使用电脑对孩子们的学习很有好处。_2) 我发现这本书对初学英语的人很有用。_Keys: 1)Using computers has a beneficial effect on childrens learning./Using computers is beneficial to childrens learning. 2)I found the book beneficial to English beginners.3. adapt (v.) 使适应;改编重点用法adapt (oneself) to sth.适应某物adaptto使适应adapt sth. for sth. from sth.根据某事将改编成be adapted from 由改编典例1) You should adapt yourself to the new environment. 你应该适应新环境。2) The makers adapted the cartoons film for children from the Russian original.影片制作人为了孩子们将这本俄文原著改编成了卡通电影。练习 汉译英1) 他们很快适应了城市生活；_2) 这部电影是由小说改编的。_Keys: 1) They soon adapted themselves to the city life; 2)The movie was adapted from a novel. 4. conduct (n.) 行为 (v.) 指挥 重点用法conductor n. 领导者, 经理,a bad conduct恶劣行为under the conduct of在.指导管理下典例1) The chairperson conducted the hearing. 主席先生主持了这个听证会。2) His conduct of the business was very successful. 他的事业进展得相当顺利。3) The curator conducted the visitors round the museum. 馆长领着游客们在博物馆中参观。练习 汉译英1) 在农业专家的指导下,当地农民过了个丰收年。_2) 今天下午向导指挥着小学生参观了博物馆_Keys: 1) Under the conduct of the agricultural experts, local farmers had an abundant year. 2) The guider conducted the students in primary school around the museum this afternoon.5. resign (v.) 辞职；委托, 把.交托给(to, into)重点用法resign ones position (as secretary) 辞去(秘书)职务resign office辞职resign oneself to听任(某种影响); 只好(做某事)resign oneself to ones fate听天由命resign . to. 把. 托付给典例1) In order to look after her sick mother, Mary decided to resign her position as a manager in the company.为了照顾生病的母亲，Mary决定辞去公司经理的职务。2) I resign my children to your care. 我把孩子们委托你来照顾。练习 汉译英1) 在任何情况下，我们都不能听天由命。_2) 我只好在长队中等候_Keys: 1) In no situation, shall we resign ourselves to our fate. 2)I resigned myself to a long wait in line.6. companion (n.) 同伴重点用法make companions of 与.作伴， 与.为友companions in arms战友a faithful companion忠实伴侣典例1) His companion is Jim, a black slave who has also run away.他的搭档Jim是一个黑奴，也是逃出来的。2) His brother is not much of a companion for him. 他兄弟与他情趣不甚相投。7. access n. （接近的）方法；通路；可接近性重点用法accessible adj. 易接近的, 可到达的, accessible to(prep.)典例1) Fallen rocks cut off the only access to the village.落石阻断了通往村庄的唯一通道。2) Every student has free access to the library.每位学生都可自由利用图书馆。3) A place accessible to the public公众可以进入的地方练习 汉译英1) 所有的公交将会供健康和残疾人使用。_2）这是解决问题的最容易的方法。._Keys: 1) All the public transport will be accessible to both ordinary people and the disabled. 2) Here is the easiest access to the problem.8. suitable adj.适合的, 适当的;典例1) Experts in education call for more books suitable for children教育方面的专家呼吁多些适合儿童阅读的书籍2) This wine is not suitable to my taste.这酒不合我的胃口。重点用法suit v. 合适, 适合, 相配,unsuitable adj. 不适合的, 不相称的be suitable for (doing) sth./sb. 很适合(做)练习 汉译英1) 我认为这个应征者不适合这个岗位._2) 他尝试找一个合适的词来描述这幅画._Keys: 1) I dont think the applicant is suitable for the post. 2) He tried to find a suitable word to describe the picture.9. annoy vt. 使生气，使烦恼; 招惹; 妨碍典例1) Stop annoying your mother. She is busy.别烦你妈妈,她现在很忙。2) It annoyed him when someone made fun of his ugly handwriting.当有人取笑他的字迹难看时,他就十分恼火。重点用法be annoyed at/by sth.因为某事而感到困扰get /be annoyed with sb.生某人的气annoying 令人恼火的annoyed 恼怒的;烦恼的练习 汉译英1) 我遇到了一个令人烦恼的问题._2) 他因为丢了身份证而感到烦恼._Keys: 1) I met an annoying problem. 2) He was annoyed at his lost ID card.10. adequate adj.适当的, 足够的; 差强人意的典例1) The supply is not adequate to the demand. 供不应求。2) I am sure to prove adequate to the job. 我一定会证明自己能胜位这项工作。3) The skaters technique was only adequate.滑冰者的技术只能说是差强人意练习 汉译英1) 孩子们需要足够的营养长身体. _2) 这个表演勉勉强强._Keys: 1) Children need adequate nutrition to build up their body. 2) The performance is merely adequate.V 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. in other words 换句话说 典例1) You can stay at home and neednt come here any longer. In other words, you are fired.你可以在家呆着以后都不用来了。也就是说，你被解雇了。2) He found his first job. In other words, he neednt depend on his father any more.他找到了他的第一份工作，换句话说，他再也不用依靠他父亲了。短语归纳in a word=in one word总而言之in words用语言have a word with sb.与某人谈话have words with 与某人争吵练习选用短语并用恰当的形式填空。1) She has a good handwriting, and is good at writing articles. _, she is a qualified secretary. 2) The beauty of sunset can not be described _. 3) The person who _my father is one of my relatives. 4) The couple _ each other in the street ignoring the eyes of passers-by.Keys: 1) In a word 2) in words 3) has a word with 4) have words with 2. cut out 切掉,删掉 短语归纳cut down砍倒; 削减,压缩cut up切破碎cut off切断, 停掉;隔绝, 挡住典例1) I cut this article out of the newspaper.我从报纸上剪下了这篇文章。2) Deserts are also created because people cut down trees and dig up grass.由于人们砍树挖草导致了沙漠的产生。3) The flood cut off their supplies.洪水切断了他们的供养。练习用恰当的介词填空。1) I would cut _ the bit about working as a waitress.2) The car industry cut _ production.3) The woodchopper cut _ the tree and cut it _.Keys: 1) out 2) down 3) down; up3. out of breath 上气不接下气短语归纳hold ones breath屏息catch ones breath松一口气take a deep breath深深地吸了一口气out of control失控out of sight看不见out of order坏了out of reach够不着典例1) He became out of breath after running back to the classroom.跑回教室后他变得上气不接下气。2) He ran as fast as he could and finally caught up with his teacher but got out of breath.他飞快地跑着，最终追上了他的老师可是已经上气不接下气。练习 汉译英1) 为吓下他的同学,他屏住呼吸然后又突然间跳了出来. _2) 这老奶奶太老了以致于才走了短短的路就上气不接下气了._Keys: 1) To frighten his classmate, the boy held his breath and jumped out suddenly. 2) The granny is so old as to be out of breath going only a short distance. 4. make fun of 取笑 短语归纳have fun with sb.(和某人在一起)娱乐，开心for fun为了快乐，闹着玩地play a joke on sb.开某人的玩笑play a trick on sb.捉弄某人典例1) We should not make fun of the classmates when they can not answer the questions correctly.当同学不能正确回答问题时，我们不应该嘲笑他们。2) Nobody likes being made fun of.没有人喜欢被嘲笑。3) Children draw pictures for fun.孩子们在画着玩呢。练习 汉译英1) 大多小孩都喜欢玩小猫。_2) 中国人总喜欢在除夕夜和家人在一起。_Keys: 1) Most children like to play a trick on kitty. 2) People in China always have fun with families on the Spring Festival eve.5. all the best一切顺利 短语归纳at (the) best至多，充其量也不过do ones best竭尽全力make the best of 最有效地利用best of all尤其,特别典例1) My father loves golf best of all. He goes for it every weekend.我父亲特别喜欢打高尔夫球,每个周末他都会去打一次.2) I wish you all the best during the journey.我祝愿你旅途一切顺利练习 汉译英1) 我祝福你在新的国度一切如意。 _2）我们祝愿她的工作顺利。_Keys: 1) I wish you all the best in a new country. 2) We wish her all the best in her new job.6. as well as 也, 又; 和一样好(可连接并列的名词,代词,形容词,动词,介词短语等;注意:连接两谓语时,两动词的时态要保持一致)短语归纳as good as和.一样好as well也, 又(常做状语), 相当于too; also典例1) She can sing as well as her sister.她唱得和她姐姐一样好。2) He directed as well as act in the film.他导演了这部影片并且在里边扮演了角色。3) I am going to study abroad and my brother is going as well.我要到国外留学，我弟弟也要去。4) His story is as good as a play.他的故事很有趣。练习 汉译英1) 她既擅长数学又擅长英语。_2) 海伦和我一样都渴望参加晚会。_3) 她的钢琴弹得和你一样好。_Keys: 1) She is good at math as well as English. 2) Helen as well as I is eager to take part in the evening party. 3) She plays the piano as well as you.VI 重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）1. She is proud to have taken part in competitions and to have broken a record by running two laps(800metres) this year.她很骄傲她参加了比赛而且在今年的800米长跑中打破了记录。解释to have taken part in为不定式的完成时，表示的动作在谓语动作前发生，意为“已经做了”。典例I am sorry to have kept you waiting for such a long time.对不起，让你等了那么久。AIDS is said to have been the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over