新牛津高中英语模块五知识点整理及单元练习.doc

新牛津高中英语模块五第三单元知识点整理及单元练习
M5 UNIT3
一、词汇大集合
【单词】
1. point out 指出 (P 43)
He pointed out my mistakes. 他指出了我的错误。
When it comes to houses, he points out that most people work all their lives paying for a house.
提到房子，他指出大多数人一生都在为一所房子而辛苦地工作。
▲ point at/to 指着、指向某人或某物 （两个词组可以换用）
▲ point at 对准、瞄准（某人用枪对准某人某物等）
▲ point to 表明、指向（主语为证据、时针以及宾语为某一方向时）
2. interfere vi. ▲ interfere with 妨碍；扰乱； (P 42)
▲ interfere in 【贬】干涉、干预、介入
I never interfere in his affairs. 我从来不介入他的事。
The sound of the radio upstairs interferes with my work.
3. breakthrough n. 突破 (P 42)
make / achieve a breakthrough in… 在某方面取得突破
▲ break through 冲破、突破
▲ break out (战争、火灾等)的突然爆发；
▲ break into 破门而入、闯入
▲ break up 粉碎、解散、结束（分手）
▲ break down 中途坏掉、分解、（精神）垮掉
4. intention n. 意图、打算、目的 (P 42)
I have no intention of changing my mind. 我没想改变主意。
▲ with the intention of 为了，以…为目的或意图
▲ without intention无意地；
▲ intend to do sth. 打算做某事
▲ intend sb. to do sth.打算某人做某事
▲ be intended for 专为某人准备
5. adopt vt. 收养，领养；采用，采纳
Can you adopt my idea? 你能采用我的主意么？
They adopted a baby boy. 他们收养了一个小男孩儿。
▲ an adopted son 养子
▲ adopted words 外来词
6. push ahead with sth. 推进、推行、毅然继续做某事 (P 42)
It’s hard to push ahead/forward/on with such an unpopular policy.
这样一个不得人心的政策很难推行下去。
▲ push sth. forward 提出某事，迫使他人考虑或注意某事
▲ push ahead/forward/on with sth. 推进、推行、毅然继续做某事
7. while
1) n. 一会儿、一段时间
Just wait for a while and then I will help you.
2) conj. “当…时候、在…期间”；引导时间状语从句。
My wife kept silent while I was writing. 我老婆在我写作的时候保持沉默。
3）conj. “尽管”，相当于although, 常放在句首。
While I understand what you said, I can’t agree with you.
尽管我理解你所说的话，但是我不同意你。
4）conj. “然而”
He is a teacher, while his brother is a doctor. 他是老师，而他哥哥是医生。
8. deliver vt. 接生、使分娩；把...递给某人；发表（演讲）
Her baby was delivered by an experienced doctor. 一位有经验的医生接生了她的宝宝。
The morning mail has been just delivered. 早上的邮件刚刚被投递出去。
▲ deliver … to sb. 把...递给某人
▲ deliver a speech 发表（演讲）
9. benefit vt. / vi./ n
▲ benefit sb./sth 对某人/某物有益
▲ benefit from 从...中获益
▲ be beneficial to / be of much benefit to 对...有好处
▲ for the benefit of… 为了...的利益
It is said that Yoga is of much benefit to health. 据说瑜伽对健康有好处。
10. comment n.& vi. 评论，评注
▲ make a comment/comments on = comment on 评论某人（某事）；对…做出评论
She make several comments on that book. 她对那本书做出了几条评论。
11. in favour of 支持；赞同
▲ do sb a favour = do a favor for sb帮某人一个忙
▲ in sb’s favour 对某人有利
▲ owe sb a favour 欠某人一个人情
Will you do me the favor to carry the box? 你能帮我拿那个盒子吗？
He was willing to bend the rules in his favor. 他愿意放宽规定以有利于她。
It’s your treat today, for you owe me a favor. 今天你请客，因为你欠我一个人情。
12. Not everything that is best for nature is good for people.
当both, all, every及 each构成的复合词用于否定句时，都表示部分否定。
注意：表示部分否定时not并不总是放在这些词之前，not也可以放在谓语部分。
Not every girl wants to go on a diet. = Every girl does not want to go on a diet.
Not all students like this subject. 并非所有的学生都喜欢这个科目。
注意：表示完全否定可用no, 及 no构成的复合词none, never 等。
13. turn out意思是“结果是；证明是”，其用法如下：
turn out (to be) + adj / n It turned out that …
We all thought he was honest, but he turned out (to be) a cheat.
我们原以为他很诚实，但是结果他却是个骗子。
It was a hard time, but everything turned out (to be) fine at last.
那是一个很艰难的时期，但最终结果却不坏。
To my surprise, it turned out that I was wrong. 我没有想到，结果证明我错了。
14. with/without 的复合结构小结
I don’t like to sleep with the window open. 不喜欢开着窗子睡觉。
He left the room with all the lights on. 他走的时候房间所有的灯都开着。
He stood at the door, with a ball in his hand. 他站在门边，手里拿着球。
With all the books bought, I went home. 所有的书都买好了，我回家了。
She hid the money without anyone knowing where it was.
她把钱藏起来，没有人知道在什么地方。
The little boy looks sad, with so much work to do.
那小男孩看起来很不开心因为有很多作业要做。
15. rather than 而不是；
I want to have a rest rather than go out. 我想休息而不想出去。
I’d prefer to go in summer rather than in winter. 我宁愿夏天去，不愿冬天去。
Tom likes getting up early rather than going to school without breakfast.
汤姆宁愿早起，而不愿不吃早饭去上学。
It is you rather than he that have been admitted into the club. 是你而不是他被俱乐部录取。
【短语】
1. interfere with nature 干涉自然 (P 42)
2. on the way to doing sth. 在做某事的过程中
3. in general 总的说来
4. intend to do sth. 打算做某事
5. with the intention of doing sth. 带着做某事的目的
6. show respect for human life 尊敬人类生命
7. be desperate to do sth. 不顾一切想做某事
be desperate for sth. 不顾一切想得到…
8. be related to 和…有关/联系
9. push ahead with 推进 / 推行某事
10. deliver a cloned human baby 接生克隆婴儿
11. focus one’s efforts on cloning 把努力集中在克隆上
12. benefit human beings 对人类有益
13. end up doing sth. 以做某事告终 (P 43)
14. use up Earth’s resources 用光地球上的资源
15. point out 指出
16. comment on sth./make comments on sth 对…作评论
17. in (complete) agreement with… (完全)赞同…
18. on a personal note 从个人的角度看来
19. experiment with human life 用人类生命做实验 (P 45)
20. put…in place 准备就绪；布置妥当
21. figure out 想出；理解；明白；计算出 (P 49)
22. the other day 几天前；那天
23. be resistant to 抗…的；防…的 (P 57)
24. limit … to… 把…限制在…范围内
25. in favor of 支持赞成 (P 58)
26. be concerned about 关心；担心
27. rather than 而不是
28. at a fast rate 以很快的速度
29. blame sb. for (doing) sth. 因…责备某人
30. turn out (to be) + adj/n. 证明是、结果是

二、单元综合练习
单元练习1
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It is said that the increasing number of natural disasters might be the ____________(结果)of global warming in recent years.
2．People usually wrote letters to get in touch in the past.Nowadays email has __________(改变，转移)the way people communicate.
3．Researchers say they have achieved a major __________(突破)in cancer treatment，which brings hope to cancer patients.
4．As a part of this investigation，Brandt used data from an international survey __________(实施)between 2005 and 2007.
5．To their surprise，the __________(大多数) of people agree to their plan.
6．The TV play，which is about the life of an __________(普通的) worker，is very popular.
7．Would you please make a ________(简洁的) introduction to the library?
8．The research has __________(证实) what many parents and teachers have already feared：social networking sites are damaging students' academic performance.
9．The government has already __________(采纳) effective measures against pollution.
10．Send your mother a short message of your safe arrival so as to relieve her from __________(焦虑)．
11．More and more women today have learned to rise in defence of their __________(合法的) rights.
12．Do you think that punishment for violent __________(罪行) should be the same for juveniles(未成年人)and adults?
13．Without __________(许可)，you can't go into the laboratory alone.
14．Simon was badly __________(害怕) at the result of his action.
15．What do you think was the author's __________(用意)in this passage?
【答案】 1.consequences 2.transformed 3.breakthrough
4．conducted 5.majority 6.ordinary 7.brief 8.confirmed 9.adopted 10.anxiety 11.legal 12.crimes 13.permission 14.frightened 15.intention
Ⅱ.选词填空
in summary；toy with；for sale；push ahead with；be burnt out；on the one hand；take...into consideration；follow in one's footsteps；make sense；point of view
1．He ________ almost __________ by the time he was 21.
2．It is hard to ____________ such an unpopular policy.
3．While she was talking to me，she __________ a pencil.
4．We have many types of cosmetics __________.
5．When purchasing goods，one has to __________ the quality of the goods __________.
6．From a teacher's __________，this dictionary will be very useful.
7．Her mother has been a teacher for over 30 years.She __________ and becomes a teacher.
8．I don't want to go traveling.__________，I have no time；on the other hand，I have no money.
【答案】 1.was；burnt out 2.push ahead with 3.toyed with 4.for sale 5.take；into consideration 6.point of view 7.follows in her mother's footsteps 8.On the one hand
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．中国在任何时候决不首先使用核武器。
At no time will China be ____________ nuclear weapons.
2．与其说他聪明，不如说他幸运。
He is ________ lucky ________ clever.
3．我以前从没听过比这更好的故事。
I have ________ heard a ________ story before.
4．尽管我承认有问题存在，我不同意它们不能被解决。
____________ that there are problems，I don't agree that they cannot be solved.
5．通盘考虑，我认为这个计划不错。
Everything __________________，I think it is a good plan.
【答案】 1.the first to use 2.more；than 3.never；better
4．While I admit 5.taken into consideration
Ⅳ.教材活用
根据教材文本完成下列表格，每空一词。
Para.
1
Different opinions on the first human embryo
1.________
For：Human embryo cloning can produce valuable tissues and 2.________ that could be used to
3.________ human lives.
Against：We may be on the way to producing
a reallife Frankenstein's 4.________.
Para.
2
Different opinions on the birth of 5.________
For：People
6.________ scientists for the scientific breakthrough.
Against：Cloning would create more 7.________.
Ian Wilmut's intention
Severino Antinori's intention
Paras.
3～5
Research efforts should be 8.________ on creating new tissues and organs for medical use.Cloning human embryos with the intention of destroying them shows no 9.________ for human life.
To be the first to clone a human being.
Para.
6
Chinese scientists have focused their efforts on cloning animals and stem cells.
They have 10.________ in cloning cows and goats.
【答案】 1.cloning 2.organs 3.save 4.monster 5.Dolly
6．praised 7.diseases 8.concentrated 9.respect
10．succeeded
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
Hearst Castle
Hearst Castle is a park on the central California coast and a National Historic Landmark.It was designed by Julia Morgan for William Randolph Hearst from 1919 until 1947.In 1957，the owner donated the fortune to the state of California.Since that time it has been a state historic park where its large collection of art and antiques are open for public tours.Despite its location far from any urban center，the site attracts roughly one million visitors per year.
Guided Tours
·Tour 1 is recommended for firsttime visitors.It now includes the movie，Hearst Castle：Building the Dream.
·Tour 2 gives visitors a closer look at the main house's upper floors，Mr.Hearst's private suite，the libraries，and the kitchen.
·Tour 3 looks at the Castle's North Wing，guest rooms and guest house Casa del Monte.
·Tour 4 includes the impressive gardens and grounds，the largest guest house，the wine basement，and the Hidden Terrace.
·The evening tour is a special tour that allows visitors to experience the Castle at night as one of the Hearst's own visitors might have.
Ticket Prices
Hearst Castle accepts VISA，MasterCard，American Express and Discover.Free dayuse parking is available for automobiles，motorcycles，tour buses and recreational vehicles.
Tours
Adult
Aged 6－17
Tour 1
D$S24
D$S12
Tour 2,3 or 4
D$S24
D$S12
Evening tour
D$S30
D$S15
* Children under 6 are free when accompanied by a paying adult.
Reservation(预订)Information
While tickets may be purchased at the Vistior Center upon arrival，tour reservations can be made online now or by calling 18004444445.See below for times.
Reservation Call Center Hours
Dates
Monday—Friday
Saturday—Sunday
March—September
8 am to 6 pm
8 am to 6 pm
October—February
9 am to 5 pm
9 am to 3 pm
Visit www.hearstcastle.org for more information.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了Hearst Castle这个旅游景点的相关信息。
1．Who does Hearst Castle belong to at present?
A．William Randolph Hearst.
B．Julia Morgan.
C．The Hearst Corporation.
D．The state of California.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In 1957，the owner donated the fortune to the state of California.Since that time it has been a state historic park where its large collection of art and antiques are open for public tours.”可知选D。
【答案】 D
2．If you are quite interested in wine，which tour will you choose?
A．Tour 1. B．Tour 2.
C．Tour 3. D．Tour 4.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四种观光方式中的“the largest guest house，the wine basement，and the Hidden Terrace”可知选D。
【答案】 D
3．If a couple take Tour 1 with their 5yearold son，how much will they pay for the tickets?
A．36. B．48.
C．60. D．75.
【解析】 数字计算题。根据Ticket Prices中Tour 1中的一个成人的票价为D|S24可知，一对夫妇要花费D|S48，而成人带的孩子六岁以下的免费，故选B。
【答案】 B
4．Which of the following is the available time to book tickets by phone?
A．At 8 am on Monday in February.
B．At 9 am on Sunday in March.
C．At 7 pm on Friday in September.
D．At 6 pm on Saturday in October.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二个表格里的预订时间和日期可知选B。
【答案】 B
B
One day，I received a call from a colleague.He was about to give a student a zero for his answer to a physical problem，while the student claimed a perfect score.I was elected as their arbiter(仲裁人)．I read the examination problem，“Show how it is possible to determine the height of a tall building with the aid of a barometer(气压计)．”The student had answered，“Take the barometer to the top of the building，attach a long rope to it，lower it to the street，and then bring it up and measure the length of the rope.The length of it is the height of the building.”
The student had really answered the question completely，but the answer didn't confirm his competence in physics.I suggested the student try again.I gave him six minutes to answer the question，warning that the answer should show some knowledge of physics.Five minutes later，he said he had many answers and dashed off one，which read“Take the barometer to the top of the building and lean over the edge of the roof.Drop the barometer，timing its fall with a stopwatch.Then，use the physical formula(公式)to calculate the height of the building.”
At this point，my colleague had to accept it，and then the student made almost full marks.I couldn't help asking the student what the other answers were.He listed many others，and then added，“Probably the best one is to take the barometer to the administrator and say to him，‘Sir，here is a fine barometer.If you tell me the height of the building，I will give it to you.’”
Then，I asked the student if he really did not know the conventional answer to this question.He admitted that he did，but said that he was fed up with high school and college instructors trying to teach him how to think.
The name of the student was Bohr who later was famous all over the world.He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了一个学生不按老师的要求解答物理题，但最终获得诺贝尔物理学奖的故事。
5．The student got a zero at the beginning because ________.
A．the teacher wasn't satisfied with him
B．his answer wasn't complete or correct
C．the teacher didn't fully understand his answer
D．his answer didn't show his knowledge of physics
【解析】 细节理解题。从第二段第一句中的“but the answer didn't confirm his competence in physics”可知，这个学生的解题方法没有体现物理方面的知识是他得零分的原因。
【答案】 D
6．We know from the passage that ________.
A．the student knew the expected answer
B．the administrator told Bohr the height
C．the author preferred Bohr's last answer
D．the teacher was a very stubborn person
【解析】 细节理解题。从倒数第二段中的“Then，I asked the student if he really did not know the conv