上海所在城市阅读理解中考英语专项训练含答案解析.doc

上海所在城市阅读理解中考英语专项训练含答案解析

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编
1．阅读理解
    Populations of white-tailed deer（白尾鹿） are growing rapidly in many parts of the United States. As populations grow, food becomes a problem. Many deer die of hunger. Others grow up small and unhealthy. In search of food, hungry deer move closer to where humans live. They eat farm crops, vegetables and even trees. Besides, increased numbers of deer near roads can cause traffic accidents.
    People admire the grace and fast speed of deer. Most people don't want these animals to be hungry and ill. Should people take action to control the growing deer populations?
Should People Take Direct Action?
    Many people think that hunting（打猎） is the best way to control the animal populations. Wildlife managers will see if there's enough food in an area and decide its carrying capacity（容量）. Then hunters with licenses are sent to help control the number of deer. Hunting is usually not allowed in cities or suburbs, however.
    Some people have the idea to catch the deer and move them to other places. But this method is expensive and requires finding another place that can accept the deer without breaking the balance of ecosystem（生态系统）.
    Scientists are also working to develop chemicals（化学药品） to control the birth rate（率） in deer populations. But this plan works for only one year at a time.
Should People Take Indirect Action?
    Some suggest bringing in natural enemies of deer, such as wolves, lions and bears, to areas with too many deer. But these animals could also hurt dogs, cats, and even humans. Other communities have built tall fences（篱笆） around areas to keep out the deer. However, this is impossible for farmers.
   ▲  
    Some people are against any kind of action. They support leaving the deer alone. Animal populations in an area naturally go up and down over time. Doing nothing means that some deer will die of hunger or illness. But finally, the population will reach a size within the carrying capacity（容量） of the environment. So, let nature go its own way.
（1）According to the passage, increased numbers of deer can bring        to people in the area.
A. water pollution       B. traffic accidents           C. serious illnesses       D. growing populations
（2）Which of the following is the best to fill in the "  ▲   " in the passage?
A. Should People Do Nothing?                           B. Should People Protect the Deer? 
C. Should People Take Special Action?               D. Should People Drive the Deer Away?  
（3）The writer most probably agrees that        .
A. farmers can build fences to keep the deer out
B. people should leave the deer alone in the wild  
C. hunting is the best way to control the deer populations
D. it's great to catch the deer and move them to other places
（4）The writer organizes this passage by        .
A. telling stories        B. using numbers        C. giving opinions        D. describing scenes （场景）
【答案】 （1）B
（2）A
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了美国的白尾鹿数量激增，有人认为应该采用直接的方法控制白尾鹿的数量，而一些人认为需要使用间接的方法控制白尾鹿的数量。
（1）细节题。根据Besides, increased numbers of deer near roads can cause traffic accidents. 可知白尾鹿数量的增加可导致交通事故的发生，故选B。
（2）推理题。根据最后一段的描述可知，主要讲述反对采取措施的人的观点，根据前两部分标题的构成，本部分的标题为“人们应该不管吗”，故选A。
（3）推理题。根据 So, let nature go its own way.可知，作者支持不采取让和措施的方法，故选B。
（4）推理题。作者通过例举打猎， 将鹿的天敌，如狼、狮子和熊引入鹿太多的地区等例子，可知本文主要是通过列举不同的观点来组织材料的，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

2．阅读理解
    Abdul Sadiq, an Afghanistan's only professional cyclist, began by training his daughter. And when she competed successfully abroad, he set up the team. It is the world's most unlikely sporting team, because the sport breaks taboos in a country where in many traditional communities, women are not allowed out of the house.
    The head coach faces frequent threats and the girls' families do not always approve "If it's not their fathers trying to stop them, it's a brother or uncle."
    Two members of the team, Massouma, 18, and Zarab, 17, are sisters. Their father and their brothers approve, but they know that their uncles complain to their father. "They will never come in front of us to say ‘Why are you cycling?', but they say bad words to our father," she said. His team have, however, competed and won regionally against Bangladesh and Pakistan.
    "We want to go cycling because we want to be heroes one day," said 16-year-old Jella, one of the latest riders. In one of the mildest and driest winters for many years, training has gone on without stopping. And next spring, the girls will go up into the mountains. "We say that women should not sit at home, they need to come out and do sports," said Abdul Sadiq, And 18- year-old Zainab said she wished that she could just go cycling alone on the street one day. "It's my ambition, and I hope that one day girls will be allowed to go cycling on the streets, not having a coach, or anyone with them, and they will not have problems," she said.
（1）What does Abdul Sadiq do?
A. A teacher.                          B. A cyclist.                          C. A reporter.                          D. A driver.
（2）What does the underlined word "taboos" mean in Chinese?
A. 禁忌                                     B. 警告                                     C. 符号                                     D. 风俗
（3）From the third paragraph, we can know
A. Massouma and Zarab's parents approve of their joining the team
B. Massouma and Zarab's uncles are against their cycling
C. Massouma and Zarab don't want to join the team
D. Massouma and Zarab are both very old
（4）What was Zainab's dream?
A. Her mother approving her cycling.                 B. Going cycling alone on the street.
C. Joining the team.                                             D. Winning against Bangladesh and Pakistan.
（5）Where may you see the passage?
A. In a storybook.                                                 B. In a fashion magazine.
C. In a travel guide book.                                    D. In a sports newspaper.
【答案】 （1）B
（2）A
（3）B
（4）B
（5）D
【解析】【分析】主要讲了阿卜杜勒·萨迪克是阿富汗唯一的职业自行车手，他从训练女儿开始。当她在国外比赛成功时，他组建了这个队。这是世界上最不可能的运动队，因为这项运动打破了许多传统社区禁止妇女出门的禁忌。
（1）细节题。根据Abdul Sadiq, an Afghanistan's only professional cyclist可知阿卜杜勒·萨迪克是阿富汗唯一的职业自行车手，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据where in many traditional communities, women are not allowed out of the house.可知许多传统社区禁止妇女出门，所以是打破了禁忌，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据Two members of the team, Massouma, 18, and Zarab, 17, are sisters. Their father and their brothers approve, but they know that their uncles complain to their father.可知Massouma和Zarab的叔叔反对他们骑自行车，故选B。
（4）细节题。根据And 18- year-old Zainab said she wished that she could just go cycling alone on the street one day.可知Zainab希望一天独自在街上骑自行车，故选B。
（5）细节题。根据全文可知与骑自行车有关，所以在体育报纸上看到，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

3．阅读理解
Bradford City Matters
    Welcome to the winter edition（版） of City Matters.
    "Don't Drop It; Stop It!"
    Put rubbish in your wheelie bin（有轮大垃圾筒）.
    You must put your rubbish in your wheelie bin to keep your environment clean. Don't pile your rubbish up（堆放） in your house or garden-use a wheelie bin or one of our larger bins.
    You can buy a wheelie bin from our Waste Management Section at 01943 874122.
    You can tell us about mice or rubbish in your area by phoning our Public Health Unit at 01943 874146.
         ▲     
    Did you know that you can get a 50 fine（罚款） for dropping rubbish on the streets? Our Council officers are on the streets of Bradford looking for people who drop rubbish. They will fine people who drop litter. This is part of our "Don't Drop It; Stop it!" campaign（运动）.
    Don't fill your bin-recycle.
    Just think how full your bin gets over the holidays.
    To reduce your waste:
    Say "no" to unwanted bags.
    Take your own bags to the supermarket or reuse old ones.
    Get your free shopping bag from our Advice Center.
    Recycle your waste.
    Take bottles to your local recycling center.
    Buy recycled things.
    Cards and paper are good examples.
    Our competition winners
    As part of our "Don't Drop It; Stop It!" campaign, community groups from the north, south, east and west of the city-500 volunteers-entered our competition to clean up their area. The goal was to make the city cleaner for those who live, work, shop or play there.
    The four winners were: High Trees Parent Group, South Bradford Community Project, The Bridge Community Association and Forest Youth Group.
（1）If you have a problem with mice in your area, you can call     .
A. 01943874122                 B. 01941824146                 C. 01943874146                 D. 01941824122
（2）Which of the following can be put into     ▲     ?
A. Dropping rubbish can be expensive.
B. Many people take their bags when shopping.
C. Piling rubbish up in your garden is a bad habit.
D. Our Council officers will help you when you're in trouble.
（3）From the Advice Center, you can get           .
A. two wheelie bins
B. a free young tree
C. a free shopping bag
D. some recycled paper
（4）What do we know about the competition?
A. There were five winners.
B. It was held in the spring.
C. It failed to reach its goal.
D. 500 volunteers took part in it.
（5）Where might you see this material?
A. In a storybook.
B. In a health report.
C. In a travel magazine.
D. In a local newspaper.
【答案】 （1）C
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
（5）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了一种活动“Don't Drop It；Stop It”同时告诉我们了采取哪些方法才能使人们少扔垃圾甚至不乱扔垃圾。
（1）细节理解题，根据 You can tell us about mice or rubbish in your area by phoning our Public Health Unit at 01943 874146. 可知，要是你住的地方有了老鼠，你应该拨打01943 874146这个电话。故答案是C。
（2）信息匹配题，根据 Did you know that you can get a 50 fine（罚款） for dropping rubbish on the streets? 可知，乱扔垃圾的代价是很大的。故答案是A。
（3）细节理解题，根据Get your free shopping bag from our Advice Center.可知，在服务中心可以免费领到购物袋。 故答案是C。
（4）细节理解题，根据  As part of our "Don't Drop It; Stop It!" campaign, community groups from the north, south, east and west of the city-500 volunteers-entered our competition to clean up their area.  可知，一共有500名志愿者竞赛。故答案是D。
（5）细节理解题，根据 Welcome to the winter edition（版） of City Matters. 可知，这是一张报纸的版面。故答案是D。
【点评】考查阅读理解题，本题涉及到了细节理解题和信息匹配题两种题型，细节理解题比较简单，只要细心阅读，都可以从文中找到答案。信息匹配题需要联系空缺部分的前后文，确定与短文意思相关联的句子。

4．阅读理解
    One night, when I was eight, my mother gently asked me a question I would never forget. "Sweetie, my company wants to promote（升职） me but needs me to work in Brazil. This is like your teacher telling you that you've done well and allowing you to skip（跳） a grade, but you'll have to leave your friends. Would you say yes to your teacher?" She gave me a hug and asked me to think about it. I was lost in thought. The question kept me wondering for the rest of the night. I had said "Yes" but for the first time, I realized the difficult decisions adults had to make.
    For almost four years, my mother would call us from Brazil every day. Every evening I'd eagerly wait for the phone to ring and then tell her everything that happened during the day. A phone call, however, could never take her place and it was difficult not to feel lonely at times.
    During my fourth-grade Christmas break, we flew to Rio to visit her. Looking at her large empty apartment. It was then I started to understand the difficult choices she had to make. She needed to think about both family and work. Faced with difficult decisions, she used to tell me, you wouldn't know whether you made the right choice, but you could always make the best out of the situation, with a positive attitude.
Back home, I reminded myself that what my mother could do, I could, too. If she managed to live in Rio all by herself, I, too, could learn to be independent. I learn how to take care of myself and set high but achievable goals.
    My mother is now back with us. But I will never forget what the experience has really taught me. I've learned a lot because of this separation（分离）. There are lots of difficult decisions that we have to face in our life. We need to have a positive attitude no matter what happens.
（1）It was __________ for the writer to say "Yes" to her mother s question.
A. excited                               B. difficult                               C. unusual                               D. easy
（2）Which of the following sentences can be put in the blank in Paragraph 3?
A. I thought my mother might regret her decision.
B. I thought my mother might want to go home with us.
C. I realized how lonely my mother was in Brazil herself.
D. I realized my mother had a happy time in Brazil herself.
（3）The writer most probably wants to tell us that __________.
A. how she gets on well with her mother           B. it's difficult for her to make a decision
C. she has learnt a lot from the experience        D. adults have to face the difficult decisions
【答案】 （1）B
（2）C
（3）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了我在小时候与妈妈分开的一段经历，懂得做决定的艰难，理解了妈妈工作的辛苦。
（1）细节理解题。根据文中的第 一The question kept me wondering for the rest of the night．I had said"yes"，可知 这个问题很难回答，故答案是B。
（2）细节理解题。根据文中的前面Looking at her large empty apartment看着她那空荡荡的大公寓，可知 后面应该是我意识到我母亲在巴西是多么孤独，故答案是C。
（3）细节理解题。根据文中的最后一段My mother is now back with us．But I will never forget what the experience has really taught me．I've learned a lot because of this separation．There are lots of difficult decisions that we have to face in our life．We need to have a positive attitude no matter what happens.可知 作者从中学到了很多，故答案是C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。考查对篇章的把握与细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。

5．根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
    Even in early time, people could realize the importance of dreams and knew that dreams gave meaning to life. Every great achievement has been the result of years of dreaming. If a person has a dream and holds fat to it, he or she will find a way to bring it into reality（现实）.
    Children do not have much experience or knowledge. However, they are natural dreamers. We should not laugh at them for being naive. Many great men were dreamers when they were children. One such dreamer was Thomas Edison He used to be ostracized（排斥）when he was in primary school, but his achievements were greater than everyone else's in his time.
    Teenagers and young people should also be encouraged to dream. The world is full of successful teenagers and young people. They dreamt big and their dreams changed their lives and even the world. Steve Jobs and Bill Gates are the good examples. They have developed technology and brought great progress to human besides making money for themselves Older people should believe that it is never too late to dream and that human mind is never too old to make dreams tum into reality. Colonel Saunders realized his dreams at the age of 67 and set up the biggest fried chicken company （KFC） in the world. To dream is a wonderful ability which can lea