2022初三英语阅读理解的专项培优练习题(及解析.doc

初三英语阅读理解的专项培优练习题(及解析

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编
1．阅读理解
    In the UK, Saturday evenings have always been a popular time for families to watch television together. One of the most popular programme genres is the talent show, partly because people of all ages are interested in it.
    Early shows, like Opportunity Knocks（1965~1978）, required people to vote（投票）for their favourite acts and performers, although in those days voting was done by postcard instead of by telephone, text, or over the Internet. Today, the success of television talent shows has reached a new level. Here are the UK's top three TV talent shows：
    The X Factor In this wonderful singing competition, performers have to face a celebrity judge panel（名人裁判组）before the public vote. Many excellent singers became popular because of it. The show is now made all over the world, from China to Colombia.
    Strictly Come Dancing The programme is so fantastic that it attracts many celebrities. They team up with professional（专业的）dancers and come to the dance floor to win the title of Strictly Come Dancing Champion.
    Britain's Got Talent In this modern-day version（版本）of Opportunity Knocks, the public can go and choose from many kinds of acts, from dancing dogs to ice skating. The prize is to perform for the Queen in the Royal Variety Performance.
（1）When did the show Opportunity Knocks begin？
A. In1965.                      B. In 1978.                      C. In 2015.                      D. It is not mentioned.
（2）If a person loves a skating act, he or she may go to           .
A. Opportunity Knocks     B. Strictly Come Dancing     C. The X Factor     D. Britain's Got Talent
（3）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？
A. The winners of Britain's Got Talent can perform for the Queen.
B. If you want your dog to have a performance, you can go to Britain's Got Talent with it.
C. Opportunity Knocks is still on television now.
D. People of all ages enjoy TV talent shows in the UK.
（4）The underlined word "genres" in the first paragraph means"        ".
A. lists                              B. types                              C. choices                              D. expressions
【答案】 （1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了英国最受欢迎的3个才艺表演节目。
（1）细节题。根据 Early shows, like Opportunity Knocks（1965~1978） 可知表演机会敲门是1965年开始的，故选A。
（2）细节题。根据the public can go and choose from many kinds of acts, from dancing dogs to ice skating ，Britain's Got Talent可以去选择多种表演，从跳舞的狗到滑冰，可知如果一个人喜欢滑冰，他或她可以去 Britain's Got Talent ，故选D。
（3）推理题。根据 Early shows, like Opportunity Knocks（1965~1978） 可知1978年就没有这个节目了，故机会敲门现在还在电视上是错的，故选C。
（4）词义猜测题。根据本文介绍了英国最受欢迎的3个才艺表演节目，One of the most popular programme genres is the talent show 最受欢迎的节目……之一是才艺表演，可知 genres是类型的意思，A 列表，B 类型，C 选择，D 表达，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。

2．阅读理解
    A class teacher, in my opinion, plays an important role in a child's development. Every year when my daughter moves to a new class? I have a usual big worry-her new class teacher. This year, she is moving to Class Three and I can't wait to see how things are going on.
    Last year, my daughter did not like her teacher at all. It was so bad that she did not look forward to school. It was a year full of trouble and worries.
    This year, Miss Purity is gentle and humorous. It's hard not to like her. Here are the changes in my daughter.
    She becomes an early bird. Last year, mornings were like a fight because I had to force Tasha to hurry up when she was preparing for school. I had to pull her out of bed, tell her to take breakfast and then drove her to school. But now, our mornings are like a party. She wakes up early, prepares everything at a high speed and then rushes to school to be with Miss Purity.
    She's happy. She enjoys school and schoolwork and keeps talking about what they did at school when she comes home.
    She's responsible. She used to be careless and forgetful. But now she never forgets even her water bottle at school. She makes her bed and helps in the kitchen.
    Her diary is full of praise. The diary is the tool of communication between the teacher and the parents. Last year, her diary was always full of negative （负面的） reports. One time, she poured water in a child's lunchbox. Another time she threw another kid's textbook in the toilet. Now she begins to share her snacks with those who do not have anything. She's always volunteering to clean the blackboard, the teacher's chair and desk.
    She does well in school. Finishing her classwork was such a big problem. She had to do it at home. But now, she finishes both the classwork and homework at school.
（1）What is the big worry of Tasha's parent every year?
A. Who will be Tasha's class teacher.                   B. Which class Tasha will be in.
C. How Tasha goes to school in the morning.    D. What Miss Purity looks like.
（2）What did Tasha do when she didn't like her class teacher?
A. She had a fight with her mother in the morning.
B. She didn't want to go to school.
C. She missed a lot of classes.
D. She refused to do classwork and homework.
（3）Which of the following is NOT true about Tasha's past?
A. She couldn't finish her classwork at school.
B. She often forgot things at school.
C. She didn't get on well with her classmates.
D. She was careless and silent.
（4）What is NOT mentioned about the changes in Tasha?
A. Her progress with Miss Purity.
B. Her hobbies.
C. Her living habit.
D. Her behavior at school.
【答案】 （1）A
（2）B
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍一个班主任在孩子的成长过程中起着重要的作用。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一行Every year when my daughter moves to a new class，I have a usual big worry-her new class teacher每一年，当我的女儿搬到了一个新的班级，我通常会有一个大烦恼-她的新班主任。可知，塔莎的父亲每年最大的担心是谁将是塔莎的班主任，故答案为A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段It was so bad that she did not look forward to school它是如此糟糕，她不想上学．可知，当塔莎不喜欢班主任的时候，就不愿意去上学，故答案为B。
（3）细节理解题。根据文中语句She used to be careless and forgetful她曾经是粗心的和健忘的，可知，D选项"她很粗心的和沉默的"不正确．故答案为D。
（4）细节理解题。根据But now，she finished both the classwork and homework at school．但现在，她完成了在学校的功课和作业．可知，A选项"和Purity小姐呆在一起的进步"提到了；根据But now，our mornings are like a party．She wakes up early但是现在，我早上就像聚会．她很早就醒了，可知，C选项"她的生活习惯"提到了；根据he's always volunteering to clean the blackboard，the teacher's chair and desk．他总是主动擦黑板，老师的椅子和桌子．可知，D选项"她在学校的行为．"提到了；B选项"她的兴趣"文中没提到，故答案为B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

3．阅读理解
    Most dictionaries will tell you a number of things about a word. There are three important things. These three things are spelling, pronunciation and meanings.
    First, a dictionary will tell you the spelling of a word. If you are not sure about the spelling of a word, you can try to find the correct spelling in a dictionary. Words are listed in alphabetical order---a, b, c and so on. For example, on a dictionary page the word "poor"—p, o, o, r - comes before "poverty"—p, o, v, e, r, t, y--and the word "poverty" comes before" power'--p, o, w, e, r. The words are always given in an alphabetical order.
The second thing, a dictionary will tell you pronunciation. Most give phonetic, or sound, alphabet.
    The phonetic spelling will tell you how a word is pronounced. There are a few different phonetic alphabets. Many dictionaries use the International Phonetic Alphabet to show pronunciation.
    The third thing, a dictionary will tell you the meaning of words. You can look up a word and find out what it means. Many words have more than one meaning, and a better dictionary will tell you all of the word's meaning. For example, in English the common word "get" has over 20 different meanings.
（1）In the passage, which of the following is among the three important things?
A. How to write a word beautifully.                     B. How to use a word.
C. How to lookup a word.                                    D. How to pronounce a word
（2）Of the three words: "remove", "remote" and" remount", ____ in a dictionary.
A. "remote" comes first and "remove" comes last
B. "remove" comes first and" remote" comes last
C. "remote" comes first and "remount" comes last
D. "remove" comes first and "remount" comes last
（3）A better dictionary can tell you       .
A. More of the word's pronunciation                  B. More of the word's meaning
C. More of the word's spelling                            D. More of the grammar
【答案】 （1）D
（2）A
（3）B
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了字典的用途。
（1）细节题。根据文章提到的 These three， things are spelling, pronunciation and meanings 可知，如何发音时字典的重要用途，故选D。
（2）推断题。根据文章提到的  Words are listed in alphabetical order---a, b, c and so on 可知，remote最开始，remove在后面，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据文章提到的 Many words have more than one meaning, and a better dictionary will tell you all of the word's meaning 可知，字典会告诉你更多单词的意义，故选B。
【点评】考查了细节题和推断题两种题型，做此类题的时候，熟悉文章大意，熟悉问题，带着问题到文中找出答案，同时联系上下文，找出推断题的正确答案。

4．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的（A、B、C和D）四个选项中选出最佳选项。
    When a man was walking by some elephants, he suddenly stopped He wondered why these huge animals were being held only by a small rope tied to their front legs. No chains, no cages. It was clear that the elephants could break the rope at any time, but for sonic reason, they did not.
    He saw a trainer nearby and asked why the animals just stood there and didn't try to get away. "Well," the trainer said, "when they were very young and much smaller, we used the same rope to keep them from running away. At that age, it's enough to hold them. As they grow up, they are conditioned to believe they cannot break tile rope. They believe it can still hold them, so they never try to break free."
    The man was surprised. These animals could break flee whenever they wanted, but because they believed they couldn't, they were stuck right where they were.
    How many of us go through life like the elephants-holding onto the belief that we cannot do something simply because we failed at it once before?
    Failure is a part of learning. If we failed once, it doesn't mean we can never succeed. If we try again and again, maybe we will succeed one day. So don't be afraid of failure and keep on trying.
（1）Why did the elephants never try to break the rope after they grew up?
A. Because they liked being tied.                       B. Because they were too weak to break it.
C. Because they didn't want to break it.            D. Because they thought they couldn't break it.
（2）The underlined word "stuck" in Paragraph 3 means"         ".
A. left                                  B. caught                                  C. killed                                  D. found
（3）What does the writer want to tell us?
A. Elephants should be set flee.
B. Failure can help us succeed.
C. Never let failure stop you from trying again.
D. People should look after the elephants well.
【答案】 （1）D
（2）B
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本文 主要介绍了一个男人看到大象被绳子绑住了一只脚而不逃走，由此引发对人生的思考。
（1）细节题。根据原文提到了 As they grow up, they are conditioned to believe they cannot break tile rope. They believe it can still hold them, so they never try to break free. 可知大象小时候被绑住，长大了以后依然认为绳子可以拴住他们，故选D。
（2）推断题。根据原文提到了  because they believed they couldn't, 可知他们认为自己已经被这根绳子困住了，故选B。
（3）主旨大意题。根据原文提到了  If we failed once, it doesn't mean we can never succeed. If we try again and again, maybe we will succeed one day. 可知作者想告诉我们永远不要被困难打倒，坚强起来，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

5．阅读理解

（1）What kind of the letter may the passage be?
A. An admission letter.      B. An apology letter.      C. A business letter.      D. A thank you letter.
（2）How much should Zhang Wei pay in all to enter the university?
A. HK$ 55,935.                    B. HK$ 55,810.                    C. HK$ 55, 685.                    D. HK$ 55,560.
（3）If you were Zhang Wei, how would you feel at this letter?
A. Annoyed.                            B. Excited.                            C. Upset.                            D. Anxious.
【答案】 （1）A
（2）D
（3）B
【解析】【分析】句意：这是张伟的一张香港中文大学的录取通知书，其中涉及到专业，学习方式，学位以及费用。
（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句The Chinese University of Hong kong   Admission Notification提示可知，这是一张录取通知书，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句HK$ 55,560.（for native students）以及Zhang Wei（Yuyao，Ningbo）提示可知，张伟的学费是HK$ 55,560，故选D。
（3）理解归纳题。这是一张香港中文大学的录取通知书，张伟收到以后，一定非常的激动，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

6．根据短文内容判断正、误。
    Peter lived in a village. He was sad recently because he thought that he had nothing left. One day, Peter went to ask a wise man for help. He said to the wise man, "I have nothing left, so I don't want to live." The wise man smiled sympathetically（同情地）.
    The wise man took out a piece of paper and drew a straight line down the middle. He explained that he would write down the things Peter had lost on the left side and the things Peter still had on the right side.
    The wise man asked, "When did your family leave you?"
    "What do you mean? They haven't left me. They love me!"
    "That's great!" said the wise man. "Then that will be the first thing on the right side -Family haven't left. Now, do you have freedom（自由）?"
    "That's a silly question. Of course I do!"
    "Good! That's the second one on the right side-You have freedom!" said the wise man, writing it down.
    After Peter was asked some more questions in the same way, he finally understood and smiled. "Things will change when you think of them in a different way!" he said.
    As a matter of fact, change your attitude and you will change your world. It's necessary to have a positive（积极的）attitude to life.
（1）Peter thought he had nothing left, so he was sad recently.
（2）Peter's family didn't love him and left him.
（3）The answer to the second question was written down on the left side.
（4）The wise man asked Peter more than two questions.
（5）From the passage, we can know that we should have a positive attitude to life.
【答案】 （1）1
（2）0
（3）0
（4）1
（5）1
【解析】【分析】主要讲了通过Peter的故事告诉我们改变自己的态度，就好改变自己的世界，对生活要保持积极的态度。
（1）细节题。根据He was sad recently because he thought that he had nothing left. 可知Peter认为自己一无所有，所以最近难过，故选正确。
（2）细节题。根据"What do you mean? They haven't left me. They love me!" 可知Peter家人喜欢他，没有离开他，故选错误。
（3）细节题。根据That's the second one on the right side-You have freedom! 可知第二个问题的答案写在了右边，而不是左边，故选错误。
（4）细节题。根据After Peter was asked some more questions in the same way，可知前面问了两个问题，后面又问了一些，所以是两个多问题，故选正确。
（5）细节题。根据It's necessary to have a positive（积极的） attitude to life.可知我们应该积极对待生活，故选正确。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

7．根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
    Do you often run outdoors to keep healthy? Have you ever thought about how running helps to clean up the earth? Sometimes a creative mind can bring us a win-win（双赢）situation.
    Plogging, a new way to exercise, began in Sweden（瑞典）.The n