北师大版高中英语模块四Unit11词汇学习学案正式版.doc

Warm up1. the mediaThe media are/ is to blame for starting the rumour.Commercial TV is an effective medium for advertising.2. chat n./vi. (chatted/ chatting)have a chat with sb.chat with sb. about sth.3. quizn./vt.( quizzes/ quizzed/ quizzing)a quiz show/gameHe quizzed me about my reasons for leaving.4.soap opera5.currentadj.current affairsThis note is no longer current.6.affair n. “事情”，“事件”,“事务”(复数)，“事态”foreign affairsaffairs of state辨析：event, business, matter, thing, incident, accident1). event n. （重大的）“事情”，“事件”,（运动）“项目”，“比赛”The first day at school is a big event in a childs life. 第一天上学在孩子的一生中是件大事。2). businessn. “商业”,“生意”, “营业”,“事情”,“事务”,“职责”（指有责任为谋生而应做的事。）The business of doctors is to prevent and cure disease. 医生的职责是预防和治疗疾病。3). matter n. U “物质” the matter “麻烦事”Most matter has three states: solid, liquid, and gas. 大多数物质具有三种状态：固态、液态和气态。4). thing n. “事情”，“事件” A funny thing happened today. 今天发生了一件很有意思的事。5). incident n. 表示 “小事”, “有政治影响的事件” The night passed without an incident. 这一夜平安无事。 The Lugouqiao incident occurred on July 7,1937. 芦沟桥事变发生于1937年7月7日。6). accident n. “意外的事”, “事故”, “偶然的事”It was quite an accident. 这是一件很偶然的事。7.explode vt. / vi.explode a bombThe firework exploded in his hand.At last his anger exploded.explosionn.a terrible explosion/ a population explosionLesson One1. agenda n.Let us go on to the next item on the agenda.Whats on your agenda today?2. nation/national/nationalityThe whole nation was in deep sorrow at the news.nation 侧重于国民,指一个独立政府领导下的全体人民或整个民族的集合体。Italy is becoming an industrial nation. 意大利成为一个工业国。辨析：kingdom, state, country,kingdom侧重于王国。state侧重于政权，即独立的国家, 也可指政府。country表示地理概念, 侧重于疆土, 国土, 家园, 也就是一个国家的整个区域。例如：Long long ago there was a kingdom in the forest. 很久以前,森林里有一个王国。The company belongs to the state. 这家公司属于国家所有。China is a great socialist country. 中国是一个伟大的社会主义国家。The whole country came to their rescue. 全国都来救援他们。3. politics/political4. widespread damagewide awakeHe is still wide awake.nationwide全国范围的;全国性的worldwide5. poverty/poor/poorlybelow the poverty lineHe lived in poverty.His work was criticized for its poverty of imagination.6. electricity / electric/ electrical7. sexWhat sex is the baby?There are members of both sexes in the committee.8. administrationThe administration of a big business requires skill in dealing with people.administrator/administrativeHe works in an administrative position.9. reformn. /v. / reformercarry out reforms in educationreform an unfair salary structure10. demand vt./n.常用来表示有权力的人物要求别人服从或顺从，常指强硬的、理直气壮的 “要求”。This sort of work demands great patience.He demanded to be told everything.He demanded that he (should )be told everything.meet/satisfy ones demandsDemand for skilled workers is high.demanding (adj.)jobs/bosses辨析：require, request, askrequire 口气比较缓和，有 “需要”含义，当主语是物时，后接动名词，用主动语态，有被动含义，也可接不定式，用被动语态。request意为（很客气地）“要求”，“请求”，比ask更客套地请求。ask 和request一样都表示“要求”，“请求”, 但它是最为常用的词。例如:The windows require repairing (=to be repaired). 窗子要修理了。The situation there requires that I (should) be present. 那里的局势需要我在场。（虚拟语气）He requested me to go there. He requested that I (should) go there. 他求我去那里。（虚拟语气）The villagers always ask them to stay for lunch.乡亲们总是请他们留下来吃中饭。11. debtpay off ones debtsbe in debtbe out of debt12. belief/ believeI havent much belief in his honesty.He lost his belief in God.13.pain/ painful14.hostn./ vt./hostessBeijing is the city to host the 2008 Olympic Games15.announce/announcement/announcerThey announced their engagement to the family.announcements of births/marriage16. distinctionmake/draw a distinction between A and BLondon has the distinction of being the first city to host the event three times. (honor)She has the distinction of being the first woman to swim the channel. (award)17. application /applicant/ applyI made an application for a loan.200 applications for the jobthe application of the theoryapply for a job/postapply to an organizationThis regulation applies to her too.cant apply the ruleto each case18. delightTo his delight, he passed the entrance exam.She ran back home with delight.Im delighted at your success.Im delighted to hear the news.Im delighted that you succeeded.19. stand for“代表”,“象征”；“主张”,“支持”；“容忍”USA stands for the United States of America.The letters USA stand forWe should stand for freedom of the press.We will not stand for impolite behavior.I wont stand for his insults any longer.stand byWhatever happens, I will stand by you.She stands by every word she said.Dont just stand by. Cant you lend a hand? 别袖手旁观,你不能帮一下忙吗? stand out“显眼”，“出色”Her red hair made her stand out in the crowd.John stood out as a track star. 约翰是一个出色的田径运动员。20. publish/ publisher/ publishingThe first edition was published in 1990.She chose publishing as a career.publishing house21. evidenceHave you any evidence to support this statement?22. explain sth. to sb. = explain to sb. sth.an explanation for the attacksIt needs no explanation.这无需解释。e down to结果是P.101He had come down to begging.What comes down to is a choice between cutting wages and reducing the number of staff.Lesson Two1. analyze vt./analysis/analyses /analystBy analyzing parts of the sentence we can learn more about English grammar.2. arisevi.(arose, arisen)Many problems arise out of lack of communication.Accidents often arise from carelessness.rise(rose, risen)3. blameblame sb. for sth.She doesnt blame anyone for her fathers death.blame sth. on sb.Police are blaming the accident on the driver.be to blameIf anyone is to blame, its me.Who is to blame for the accident?_ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.A. Blaming B. Blamed C. to blame D. to be blamed4.be willing to do sth./be unwilling to do sth.5. self/ selfish/ selfless6. employ/ employer/ employee7. legal/illegal8. attemptvt./ n.The prisoner attempted an escape.The prisoner attempted to escape, but failed.They made an attempt to escape.They made no attempt at/onescaping. attempted robbery/murderShe had prepared carefully for her English examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first attempt.9. defendvt.defend one country against enemiesdefend sb. from attack/injurydefence =defense10. argue/argument11. processthe digestive process/ the ageing process12. profitmake great profits (of)He made a profit of fifty thousand US dollars on his house.We gained a lot of profit from your advice.13. in favour of 支持Was he in favour of the plan?in sbs favor 对某人有利They reached an agreement in their favour.do sb. a favor 帮某人一个忙Do me a favor and turn the radio down while Im on the phone?14. courage/ encourage/encouragement/discourage/ discouragement15. an attitude to/towards16. dislike vt.unlike prep.I dislike it when you whistle.I dislike havingto get up early.He dislikes the cat, doesnt he?He doesnt like the cat, does he?17. pretendvt.She pretended not to notice me.She pretended to be reading when her mother came in.He pretended (to his family) that everything was fine.18. hirevt./ firehire a car/room/ sb.19. bush /in the bush20. respectvt./ n.Mr. Brown is respected by everybody.respect ones wishesI have the greatest respect for him.I show respect to him.a much loved and highly respected teacherrespectful adj.I hope you would be more respectful to your father. (show respect to)我希望你对父亲有礼貌些。The woman kept a respectful silence.那位妇人恭敬地保持着沉默。respectable adj.(good enough or acceptable)可敬的；体面的Our new neighbors are very respectable people.我们的新邻居是十分可敬的人。It is not respectable to spit on the sidewalk.在人行道上吐痰是不文雅的。21. disagree/disagreementdisagree with him on most thingsDisagreement arose about how to plan the show.22. in publicShe was appearing in public for the first time since her illness.the publicThe public are/is not allowed to enter the court room. Lesson Three1. advertise/advertiser/advertisementadvertise in the local newspaperadvertise a product2. classica classic novel/ movie/ work一流的a classic example/ mistake典型的classical music/ a classical ballet/dance / architecture 古典的3. certainThey are certain to agreeHe is certain/sure to succeed=we are sure /certain that he will succeed.He is certain/sure of success.=He is certain/sure that he will succeed.It is certain that they will agree.For certain personal reasons, I shall not be able to attend.A certain Dr. David performed the operation.Some person at the door is asking to see you.4. sew vt./vi ( sewed; sewed/sewn)Would you sew this button onto my shirt?do some sewing5. be suitable forWhat time is suitable for us to meet?She is suitable for the job.These films are suitable for adults only.6. consist of= be made up ofThe United Kingdom consistsofGreat Britain and Northern Ireland.7. budgeta monthly budgetan annual budget8. visual/ visuallyI have a very good visual memory.视觉记忆visual aid直观教具Visually the chair is very pleasing, but its uncomfortable.这椅子看上去很可爱,但它并不舒服。He explained the journey visually by use of pictures.他运用图片形象地讲述了这次旅行。9. boom n./v.a boom in car salesa boom year繁荣昌盛的一年Sales are booming.激增 Business is booming.兴隆10. conceptthe basic concepts of mathematics11.approach n./ v.The school has decided to adopt a new approach to discipline. （方法）Snow announced the approach of winter. （靠近;即将达到）All approaches to the city were blocked. （通道）Winter is approaching. (临近)Whats the best way of approaching the problem? (处理)When Brown approached me about the job, my first reaction was of disbelief.(与接洽)12. humour / humourousHe has a good sense of humor.They were imaginative, quick, and humorous.13. contemporary n./adj. contemporary fiction/music当代的Was he contemporary with Shakespeare? 同龄的He was respected by his contemporaries.同龄人14. contributionmake contributions tocontribute to (有助于)Honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness.Lesson Four1. consideration/ consider/ considerateThe proposals are still under consideration.take into considerationTaking everything into consideration, the event was a great success.Everything _into consideration, they ought to have another chance.2. bravebraverybravely3. innocentinnocenceDont be so innocent as to believe everything the politicians tell you.be innocent of crime4. conclude/ conclusionWe concluded our meeting at 9 oclock.What do you conclude from the facts?reach /draw /come to a conclusionin conclusionbring sth. to a conclusion5. spokesman/ spokeswoman/ spokesperson6. as long asso long asAs long as it doesnt rain we can play.7. fictionscience fiction科幻小说8. sceneWhat a fantastic mountain scene景象!The scene 情景in the hospital was very moving.the first scene 场面，片段of the playthe scene现场，地点 of the accident9. fog/ foggy10. mud/ muddy11. loadThe truck was carrying a load of sand.卡车装运一车沙子。a truck load of vegetablesThe branch was broken by the load of snow on it.take a load off ones mindThe good news has taken a load off my mind.听了这个好消息我就放心了。What a great load the students will feel _their mind the moment they finish their entrance examination this June.A. turned down B. set freeC. taken off D. taking offload A with BThe bus is loaded with people.Now the middle school students are loaded with heavy homework.Communication workshop1. aheadadv./adj.The road ahead was blocked.Go straight ahead.Go ahead. 说吧/走吧/干吧Could I ask you a rather personal question? Sure, go ahead.Go ahead, we are all listening.Weve received permission to go ahead with the music festival in spite of opposition from local residents.ahead ofShe was always well ahead of the rest of the class.We expect the building work to be completed ahead of schedule.Lets meet for lunch. Ill call you ahead oftime to fix up exactly when and where.2. harm/ harmful/ harmlessdo harm todo sb. harmbe harmful to3. anyhow(anyway)/ somehowOf course I dont mind taking you home - Im going that way anyway.4. falsegive false information/ a false passportfalse teeth/ true or false人品好的人，自带光芒，无论走到哪里，总会熠熠生辉。人活着，谁都会有烦恼，每天都有烦恼，最重要的是你不理会烦恼，烦恼自然就没有了！因此，朋友们，最好的活法，就只要记住这两句话：烦恼天天有，不捡自然无！当你不开心的时候，想想自己还剩下多少天可以折腾，还有多少时间够你作践。你开心，这一天过了；不开心，一天也过了。想明白了，你就再也不会生气了。当你烦恼的时候，想想人生就是减法，见一面少一面，活一天就少一天，还有什么好烦恼的呢，不忘人恩，不念人过，不思人非，不计人怨。不缺谁，不少谁，对得起良心就好。当你忧伤的时候，想想生活就是一场路过，赤条条来，赤条条去，带不来一丝尘土，带不走半片云彩。什么功名利禄，什么人情往份，啥你都带不走，想明白了，还有什么好难过的？当你不满的时候，想想和富人比，我们活着知足就是幸福。和病人比，我们活着健康就是幸福。和死人比，我们还活着就是幸福。人这辈子想活好，心要简单，人要糊涂。当你生气的时候，想想是否有必要为不值得的人生气？有必要为不值得的事闹心？好好吃饭，好好睡觉，好好养老，好好花钱就可以了。你好好的，家人好好的，一切也就好好的了！当你计较的时候，想想人在世间走，本是一场空，何必处处计较