专四语法讲解状语从句.pptx

副词性（状语）从句副词性（状语）从句Adverbial Clausen n副词在句中起状语作用，故如果起状语作用的部分为一个句子，那么该句便是副词性从句，也称状语从句。状语从句可细分为：时间、地点、条件、原因、让步、目的、结果、比较、方式等。n n状语从句的测试重点为：考查对主从句之间逻辑意义关系的把握，看其是否能选择正确的从属连词。1.让步状语从句 AdverbialClauseofConcessionn让步状语从句：除了2000，2007，2011年没考，其他年份都考过n由下列连接词引导：though,although,evenif/though；as；while；forall(that)(虽然，尽管）;nomatterhow/what/when/where,however,whatever等n neg.WhileIdisapproveofwhatyousay,Iwoulddefendtothedeathyourrighttosayit.n n虽然我不赞成你所说的话，我还是要拼命维护你这样说的权利。n nExhaustedthough/asshewas,therewasnohopeofherbeingabletosleep.n nHoweverwiseapersonis,hewillmakesomemistakes.真题讲解真题讲解n n1._thebosssays,itisunreasonabletoaskmeto1._thebosssays,itisunreasonabletoaskmetoworkovertimewithoutpay.(09,54)workovertimewithoutpay.(09,54)n nA.WhateverB.WheneverA.WhateverB.Whenevern nC.WhicheverD.HoweverC.WhicheverD.Howevern nAAn n2._hewantedtogooutwithhisfriendsatthe2._hewantedtogooutwithhisfriendsattheweekend,hehadtostaybehindtofinishhisweekend,hehadtostaybehindtofinishhisassignment.(08,55)assignment.(08,55)n nA.MuchenoughB.MuchasA.MuchenoughB.Muchasn nC.AsmuchD.ThoughmuchC.AsmuchD.Thoughmuchn nBBn n3._dullhemaybe,heiscertainlyavery3._dullhemaybe,heiscertainlyaverysuccessfultopexecutive.(06,51)successfultopexecutive.(06,51)n nA.AlthoughB.WhateverC.AsD.HoweverA.AlthoughB.WhateverC.AsD.Howevern nDDn n4._,Mr.Wellsisscarcelyinsympathywiththe4._,Mr.Wellsisscarcelyinsympathywiththeworkingclass.(05,52)workingclass.(05,52)n nA.AlthoughheisasocialistA.Althoughheisasocialistn nB.EvenifheisasocialistB.Evenifheisasocialistn nC.BeingasocialistD.SinceheisasocialistC.BeingasocialistD.Sinceheisasocialistn nAAn n5._,Illmarryhimallthesame.(04,52)5._,Illmarryhimallthesame.(04,52)n nA.WasherichorpoorB.WhetherrichorpoorA.WasherichorpoorB.Whetherrichorpoorn nC.WereherichorpoorD.BeherichorpoorC.WereherichorpoorD.Beherichorpoorn nDDn n6.Whethermybrother_rightorwrong,hewill6.Whethermybrother_rightorwrong,hewillhavemyunwaveringsupport.(01,62)havemyunwaveringsupport.(01,62)n nA.isB.wereC.beD.wouldbeA.isB.wereC.beD.wouldben nCCn n7._Ilikeeconomics,Ilikesociologymuch7._Ilikeeconomics,Ilikesociologymuchbetter.(03,59)better.(03,59)n nA.AsmuchasB.SomuchA.AsmuchasB.Somuchn nC.HowmuchD.MuchasC.HowmuchD.Muchasn nDDn n8.Fool_Janeis,shecouldnothavedonesucha8.Fool_Janeis,shecouldnothavedonesuchathing.(02,58)thing.(02,58)n nA.whoB.asC.thatD.likeA.whoB.asC.thatD.liken nBB9._Isympathize,Icantreallydoverymuchto9._Isympathize,Icantreallydoverymuchtohelpthemoutofthedifficulties.(01,56)helpthemoutofthedifficulties.(01,56)A.AslongasB.AsC.WhileD.EvenA.AslongasB.AsC.WhileD.Even C C10.Fool_Jerryis,hecouldnothavedonesucha10.Fool_Jerryis,hecouldnothavedonesuchathing.(10,55)thing.(10,55)A.whoB.asC.likeD.thatA.whoB.asC.likeD.that B Bn n11._heneededmoneyforafewcar,hedecided11._heneededmoneyforafewcar,hedecidednottoborrowitfromthebank.(98,48)nottoborrowitfromthebank.(98,48)n nA.MuchasB.MuchthoughA.MuchasB.Muchthoughn nC.AsmuchD.ThoughmuchC.AsmuchD.Thoughmuchn nAAn n12._,healwaystrieshisbesttocompleteiton12._,healwaystrieshisbesttocompleteitontime.(99,51)time.(99,51)n nA.HoweverthetaskishardA.Howeverthetaskishardn nB.HoweverhardthetaskisB.Howeverhardthetaskisn nC.ThoughhardthetaskisC.Thoughhardthetaskisn nD.ThoughhardisthetaskD.Thoughhardisthetaskn nBBn n13.Muchas_,Icouldntlendhimthemoney13.Muchas_,IcouldntlendhimthemoneybecauseIsimplydidnthavethatmuchsparecash.becauseIsimplydidnthavethatmuchsparecash.(99,52)(99,52)n nA.IwouldhavelikedtoB.IwouldliketohaveA.IwouldhavelikedtoB.Iwouldliketohaven nC.IshouldhavetolikeD.IshouldhavelikedtoC.IshouldhavetolikeD.Ishouldhavelikedton nAAn n14._,heisreadytoacceptsuggestionsfrom14._,heisreadytoacceptsuggestionsfromdifferentsources.(97,46)differentsources.(97,46)n nA.InsteadofhiscontributionsA.Insteadofhiscontributionsn nB.ForallhisnotablecontributionsB.Forallhisnotablecontributionsn nC.HismakingnotablecontributionsC.Hismakingnotablecontributionsn nD.HoweverhisnotablecontributionsD.Howeverhisnotablecontributionsn nBB2.条件状语从句 AdverbialClauseofCondition n引导词除if外，还有unless,incase,ifonly.,onlyif.,provided/providing(that),assuming(that),so/aslongas,onconditionthat,suppose/supposing(that),intheeventthat;nwhetherornot可表示选择条件句。neg.YoucanarriveinBeijingearlierforthemeetingprovidedyoudontmindtakingthenighttrain.nAssumingheisdiligentinhisstudiesatordinarytimes,heissuretopassthetest.nIn the event thatshehasnotbeeninformed,Iwilltellher.(如果)nYoucangoswimmingon condition thatyoudontgotoofarfromtheriverbank.(如果)nSuppose itrained,wewouldstillgo.(假如)nSayitweretrue,whatwouldyoudoaboutit?(假如)n n从句的省略。当条件状语从句的主语与主句主语从句的省略。当条件状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，并且从句谓语含有一致，并且从句谓语含有bebe时，可以将从句主语时，可以将从句主语和和bebe一起省略。一起省略。这被称为带连词的无动词状语从这被称为带连词的无动词状语从句。句。n n如：n nAlthough(heis)veryyoung,heworksashardasanadult.n nThechildisneverpeevishunless(heis)sick.真题讲解真题讲解n n1.Heaskedmetolendhimsomemoney,whichIagreedtodo,_thathepaidmebackthefollowingweek.(05,64)n nA.onoccasionB.onpurposen nC.onconditionD.onlyifn nCn n2.Ifnot_withtherespecthefeelsduetohim,Jackgetsveryill-temperedandgrumblesallthetime.(04,55)n nA.beingtreatedB.treatedn nC.betreatedD.havingbeentreatedn nBn n3._bothsidesaccepttheagreement_a3._bothsidesaccepttheagreement_alastingpeacebeestablishedinthisregion.(04,60)lastingpeacebeestablishedinthisregion.(04,60)n nA.Onlyif,willB.Ifonly,wouldA.Onlyif,willB.Ifonly,wouldn nC.Should,willD.Unless,wouldC.Should,willD.Unless,wouldn nAAn n4._thatthedemandforgasolinecontinuesto4._thatthedemandforgasolinecontinuestoriseatthecurrentrate,itwillnotbelongbeforeitsriseatthecurrentrate,itwillnotbelongbeforeitspricerocketstoaterriblyhighlevel.(04,64)pricerocketstoaterriblyhighlevel.(04,64)n nA.AscertainingB.AssumingA.AscertainingB.Assumingn nC.ConcerningD.RegardingC.ConcerningD.Regardingn nBBn n5.Thisisanillnessthatcanresultintotalblindness_leftuntreated.(00,42)A.afterB.ifC.sinceD.unlessn nB3 3.时间状语从句 AdverbialClauseofTimen（1）when,while;after;before;as;assoonas;once;until;whenever等引导的时间状语从句neg.Myhusbandwasdoingwashingathomewhile Iwasoutshopping.nTheracingcarwentoutofcontrol beforeithitthebarrier.nThenewregulationdoesnotgointoeffectuntilthefirstofMarch.n n（2）Hardly/Scarcely.when;Nosoonerthann neg.Hehadhardlyhadtimetosettledownwhenhesoldthehouseandleftthecountry.n nHehadno soonerreturned thanheboughtafinehouse.n n（3）theminute/moment/day,thefirst/second/lasttime,each/every/nexttimen neg.Newsuppliescamethe dayourfuelranout.n nThemachinestartsthe momentthebuttonispressed.n nOurgreatestgloryconsistsnotinneverfalling,butinrisingevery timewefall.n n我们最值得骄傲的不在于从不摔跤，而在于每次摔跤后都能站起来。n n4)since“自从”，从句用非延续动词，主句完成时态neg.SinceshewenttoNewYork,herfatherhasnotheardfromher.n(5)副词directly,immediately,instantly,now引导时间从句,相当于assoonas。neg.Thepolicemenwentintoactiondirectlytheyheardthealarm.n nImmediatelyhisintentionsareunderstood,hemayleave.n nIrecognizedherinstantlyIsawher.真题举例真题举例n n1.Thecouplehadnosoonergottothestation_thecoachleft.(09,60)n nA.whenB.asC.untilD.thann nDn n2.Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch_IvisitedmyfriendsinParislastyear.(08,56)n nA.whenB.whichC.thatD.wheren nA4.原因状语从句 AdverbialclauseofCause/Reason n常用引导词since,as,because,inthat,等n(1)inthat引导原因从句时,有时翻译成“是因为”、“就在于”。如:nAdvertisingisdistinguishedfromotherformsofcommunicationin thattheadvertiserpaysforthemessagetobedelivered.nCriticismandself-criticismisnecessaryin thatithelpsustofindandcorrectourmistakes.n(2)now that表示“既然”;seeing that,considering表示“鉴于”、“考虑到”。如:nNow thatwehaveallthematerialready,weshouldbeginthenewtaskatonce.nHedidpoorlyintheexaminations,consideringhowhardhehadtriedforthem.nSeeing thatsheislawfullyoldenoughtogetmarried,Idontthinkyoucanstopher.n其他引导原因状语从句的连接词语还有:forthe(simple)reasonthat,byreasonthat,onthegroundsthat等。真题举例真题举例n n1.Mendifferfromanimals_theycanthinkand1.Mendifferfromanimals_theycanthinkandspeak.(08,54)speak.(08,54)n nA.forwhichB.forthatA.forwhichB.forthatn nC.inthatD.inwhichC.inthatD.inwhichn nCCn n2.Barryhadanadvantageoverhismother_he2.Barryhadanadvantageoverhismother_hecouldspeakFrench.(2001,59)couldspeakFrench.(2001,59)n nA.sincethatB.inthatC.atthatD.sothatA.sincethatB.inthatC.atthatD.sothatn nBB5.方式状语从句方式状语从句 AdverbialClauseofMannern n主要由as，asif/though,(in)theway(that),(in)thesameway(as),what等引导n neg.Everythinghappened asexpected.n nReadingistothemindwhat/asexerciseistothebody.n nThe wayyouarestudyingnow,youwontmakemuchprogress.真题举例真题举例n n1.Nineistothreethreeistoone.(08,53)n nA.when B.thatC.whichD.whatn nDn n【语法点】方式状语从句n n【详解】这是固定句型，用来指what前后两句话有着相类似的内在联系，即“A对B就如A1对B1”，类似的句子还有：Wateristofishwhatairistomen.此句型中的what也可以用as。n n2.Shedidherwork_hermanagerhadinstructed.（2002,41）n nA.asB.untilC.whenD.thoughn nAn n3.Intellectistothemind_sightistothebody.(2001,45)n nA.what B.asC.that D.liken nA6.其他状语从句其他状语从句n n结果状语从句（AdverbialClauseofResult）n n由“so+adj./adv.+that”或“such+N+that”来引导，其含意为“这么以至”或“所以”。n neg.Hewassobewildered(that)hedidnotknowwhattodo.n nElectricityissuchanimportantenergy(that)modernindustrycannotdevelopwithoutit.n n有时“sothat”与“suchthat”可以连在一起引导状语从句。n neg.Hisreactionsaresuch thatnoonecanmatchhim.n nSoangrywashethathedidntknowwhattosay.n n目的状语从句（AdverbialClauseofPurpose）n目的状语从句可以由下列连词来引导：sothat以便,inorderthat以便,incase以防,lest唯恐,forfear(that)以免。n当主句中的动词为现在时、现在完成时或将来时时，从句中常出现may,can或will等情态动词。n当主句中的动词为一般过去时、过去进行时或过去完成时时，从句中常出现should,could,might或would等情态动词。n neg.Theboysclimbedhigherso thattheycouldgetabetterview.n nPleaseremindmeofitagaintomorrowlestIforget.n nIboughtthecaratoncefor fear(that)hemightchangehismind.