十年高考英语单选分类汇编-动词及短语动词(2002-2011).pdf

十年高考【2002-2011】英语分类汇编-动词及短语动词 动词及短语动词在高考中的考查重点：1.系动词的比较；2.动词和短语动词的习惯用法和意义辨析（高考的重中之重）。（2011 全国卷,341 William found it increasingly difficult to read,for his eyesight was beginningA.disappear B.fall C.fail D.damage（答案U c（考点I考查动词的辨析。工解析U disappear消失，不复存在；fall降落，跌倒，降低;fail（指健康）衰退,衰弱;damage损害,毁坏，加 害于。句意为“William发现阅读越来越困难了，因为他的视力开始衰退了。increasingly difficult越来越困难”是个渐进的过程，故选C。（2011 全国卷 n,101 Mary,I John of his promise to help you.A.told B.reminded C.warned D.advisedK答案】B（考点I考查动词的辨析。（解析I句意为“玛丽，我已经提醒约翰注意他帮助你的承诺了 J remindof就.提醒（某 人），使（某人）想起；warn含有警告的意思。E2011 天津卷,61 I a bank account after I made$1,000 by doing a part-time jobduring the summer vacation.A 上 orrowed B.opened C.entered D.ordered（答案I B（考点I考查动词的辨析。K解析1句意为“暑假兼职打工挣了 1000美元后，我在银行开了帐户。open a bank account 在银行开帐户。（2011 江苏卷,281-Are you still mad at her?-Not really,but I cant that her remarks hurt me.A.deny B.refuse C.reject D.declineK答案I A（考点I考查动词的辨析。（解析句意为“你还生她的气吗？不见得，但是我不否认她的话伤害了我deny 否认，否定；refuse,reject,decline都是拒绝的意思。not deny无法否认。故选A。12011 福建卷,281 rd prefer to my judgement until I find all the evidence.A.show B.express C.pass D.reserveK答案U DK考点考查动词的辨析。K解析I句意为“我宁愿保留我的判断直到我发现所有的证据reserve预订或保留（座位、住处等），推 迟，留到以后，与后面的until相一致。2011 安徽卷,212 As the story,the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered.A.begins B.happens C.ends D.developsK答案U Dk考点考查动词的辨析。K解析1句意为“随着故事的展开，这个神秘数字的真相渐渐地被解开了。”第1页共58页develop开发，发展，把（主题或情节）逐步展现出来。根据句意选d。（2011 湖北卷,263 Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful,but they may also our thinking.A.direct B.limit C.change D.improveK答案U BK考点I考查动词的辨析。（解析I句意为“如果我们想要获得成功，知识和学习很重要。但是它们或许会限制我们的 思维。direct指示，指引，导演（戏剧或电影）；指挥（管弦乐队）limit限制；change改变；improve改进，改善。根据句中but的转折，选B。（2011 湖4匕卷，271 The minister said.We are ready for discussions with any legal parties,but we911 never with criminals.A.negotiate B.quarrel C.argue D.consultK答案U A（考点I考查动词的辨析。K解析negotiate谈判；quarrel吵架，争吵；argue辩论，争辩；consult商议，咨询。句 意为“部长说：我们愿意与任何合法党派进行讨论，但我们决不与犯罪分子谈判。”根据 句意选AoE2011 湖北卷,283 Clinical evidence began to,suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals.A.operate B.strenghten C.approve D.accumulate（答案I D（考点I考查动词的辨析。（解析I句意为“不断增加的临床证据表明：比起原先从动物实验中所得到的预计，这些新 药具有更加广泛有用性。operate手术，操作；strenghten加强；approve赞成；accumulate 积累，（数量）逐渐增加。故选D。（2011 辽宁卷，223 What are you doing out of bed,Tom?Youre to be asleep.,A.supposed B.known C.thought D.consideredK答案I AK考点考查动词的辨析。K解析I句意为“Tom,你不睡觉做什么？你现在应该睡觉。out of bed未上床，起床的意 思,be supposed to do 应当，应该。K20n 辽宁卷,243 You are old enough to your own living.A.win B.gain C.take D.earnK答案I DK考点I考查动词的辨析。K解析1句意为“你长大了，可以自谋生路了。earn ones living谋生，固定搭配。2011 全国卷,261 I can the house being untidy,but I hate it if ifs not clean.A.come up with B.put up with C.turn to D.stick to（答案I Bk考点】考查短语动词的辨析。K解析1句意为“房子里东西凌乱我能忍，但是脏我讨厌come up with想出，提出；put up with 忍受，容 忍；turn to转向，翻书到，求助于，（使）变成；stick to坚持，紧跟，粘住，忠于。不整洁的;凌乱的（2011 天津卷,81 She an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at thedepartment store.第2页共58页A.turned down B.dealt with C.took after D.came across（答案I DK考点I考查短语动词的辨析。K解析1句意为“昨天在百货商店购物时，她遇上了她的老朋友turn down拒绝；deal with 对付，处理；take after长得像，性格类似于，效仿；come across穿过，越过，偶然遇见。（2011 山东卷,25They are broadening the bridge to the flow of traffic.A.put off B.speed up C.turn on D.work out（答案1 BK考点】考查短语动词的辨析。（解析I句意为“他们正在拓宽桥梁以加快交通流量。put off推迟；speed up加快；turnon 打开（水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等），（使）感兴趣;（使）兴奋；work out算出，实现。拓宽桥梁的目的是力口快交通流 量，故选B。H2011 江苏卷,30-You look upset.Whafs the matter?-I had my proposal again.A.turned over B.turned on C.turned off D.turned downK答案】D（考点I考查短语动词的辨析。（解析I句意为“一一你看上去不高兴，怎么啦？我的建议又遭到拒绝了 J turn over 翻身，翻转，把.移交；turn on打开（水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等），（使）感兴趣;（使）兴奋；turn off关掉（电器、水龙头等），使厌烦；turn down关小（音量等），拒绝。根据句意选D。（2011 福建卷,31 1Born into a family with three brothers,David was to value the sense ofsharing.A.brought up B.turned down C.looked after D.held back（答案I A（考点I考查短语动词的辨析。（解析I句意为“出身在一个三兄弟家庭，David受到了要看重与人分享的教育J bring up 教育，养育（孩子），呕吐（食物）；turn down关小（音量等），拒绝；look after照顾；hold back阻碍，抑制，隐瞒。2011 安徽卷，343 If you faults but you still want the bicycle,ask the shop assistant toreduce the price.A.come across B.care about C.look for D.fbcus upon（答案7 AK考点考查短语动词的辨析。（解析I句意为“如果你发现这辆自行车有毛病但还是想要，你就要求这家商店的营业员减 价。come across偶然遇到；careabout关心，在乎；look for寻找；fbcus upon专注于。（2011 浙江卷,61 The school isnt the one I really wanted to go to,but I suppose r 11 just have to _it,A.make the best of B.get away from C.keep an eye on D.catch up with（答案I Ak考点】考查短语动词的辨析。K解析1句意为“这所学校并不是我原来真正想去的，但我现在想尽量好好利用它了 J make the best of充分利用，尽量好好去做；get away from 逃离；keep an eye on照看,，留心；注意；catch up with追 上，赶上。对照现在和过去对学校态度的变化，选A。（2011 浙江卷,121 He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of at a hotel 第3页共58页fbr the night.A.putting down B.putting off C.putting on D.putting upK答案1DK考点考查短语动词的辨析。K解析1句意为“他决定一路驾车回家，不在旅馆留宿。put down放下平定，镇压，记下；put off 推迟；put on穿上，戴上，上演，假装，增加；put up举起，建立，张贴，投宿。根据句意选d。120 n 四川卷,7 3 To get a better grade,you should the notes again before the test.A.go over B.get over C.turn over D.take overK答案U A（考点I考查短语动词的辨析。（解析I句意为“为了获得好成绩，你应该在考试前好好复习这些笔记。g。over审查，复 习，重温从头到尾检查一遍；get over越过，完成，克服（困难），从（疾病、失望、震惊等）中恢复过来；turn over翻身，翻转，把.移交；take over接管;接替。（2011 四I卷,141 I often the words I dont know in the dictionary or on the Internet.A.look up B.look at C.look fbr D.look intoK答案】A（考点I考查短语动词的辨析。（解析I句意为“我经常在字典里或网上查我所不懂的单词J lookup查（单词、电话号码 等）；look at e,注视（某人或某物）；look for寻找；look into深入地检查，研究，调查。E2011 陕西卷,251 Some insects the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.A.take in B.take off C.take on D.take out（答案I C（考点I考查短语动词的辨析。K解析1 take in吸收，欺骗；take o任拿走，取下，脱去（衣服等），起飞；take on承担，呈现，雇用；take out把带出去清除，除掉。句意为“一些昆虫为了保护自己，让自己的体色与其周围环境的颜色 相似J（2011 湖 1 匕卷,29 U The government has taken measures to the high prices of dailygoods to keep the market stable.A.take down B.bring down C.hand down D.tear downK答案I BK考点I考查短语动词的辨析。（解析7句意为“政府已经采取措施来降低日常生活用品的价格以保持市场的稳定J take down拆卸，记录，记下；bring down使（某物或某人）掉下（倒下），击败，降（价）；hand down把.传递下来，遗留；流传；tear down拆毁；拆卸。根据后面的“保持市场的稳定”选b。2011 辽宁卷，261 The exam results will be on Friday afternoon.A.put down B.put oflf C.put up D.put awayk答案U cK考点I考查短语动词的辨析。（解析I句意为“考试结果将在星期五下午公布。put down放下平定,镇压，记下；put off推迟；put up举起，建立，张贴，投宿；put away放好，储存，抛弃。根据句意选c。（2011 江西卷 352 You cant predict everything.Often things dont as you expect.A.run out B.break out C.work out D.put out.k答案1CK考点考查短语动词的辨析。第4页共58页K解析run out耗尽；break out打破；work out算出，实现；put out扑灭。句意为“你无 法预言一切。事情常常不会像你期待的那样实现。”选C。k 10 全国 I 2 The workers the glasses and marked on each box“This Side Up”A.carried B.delivered C.pressed D.packedK答案H Dk考点】动词词义辨析k解析句意：工人们把玻璃制品包装好并且每个盒子上标记上“此面向上”。选项为四个 意思上毫无关联的动词，此题考查动词的词义辨析。carry译为搬运，deliver译为递送,press 译为按，压,pack译为打包。k 10 全国 H U My mother opened drawer to the knives and spoons.A.put away B.put up C.put on D.put togetherK答案1Ak考点R考查动词词组辨析。I解析U put away放好，收拾起来；put up举起，搭建，张贴，挂起；put on穿上，戴上；put together组装，装配，把凑合起来k 10 福建U More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities space.A.in search of B.in place of C.fbr lack of D.fbr fear ofK答案H Dk考点I短语辨析k解析A.寻找B.代替;C.因缺乏 D.生怕，以免。句子的完整意思应该是：大城市建 起越来越多的高楼大厦，因为缺乏空间。，k 10 福建 U Weve just moved into a bigger house and there 9s a lot to do.Lefs it.A.keep up with B.do away with C.get down toD.look forward tok答案1Ck考点I动词词组辨析I解析U A.keep up with 保持 B.do away with 废除，去掉；C.get down to 着手处理 D.look forward to 期待klO 福建 U-In this day and age,women can have children and jobs as well.I cant agree more.Ifs great to have the two.A.linked B.related C.connected D.combinedk答案I Dk考点动词词义辨析k解析IA.;联系在一起；将人或物连接或联系起来；B.与.有某种联系;C.连接，连结；D.使联合，使结合；K10 上海 Din ancient times,people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers only travelled the local market.A.longer than B.more than C.as much as D.as far asK答案H Dk考点本题考查介词词组。k解析根据动词travel可判断此处应填关于路程的介词词组，本题即为as far as。as far as 远到klO 安徽 U No matter how low you consider yourself,there is always someone you wishing they were that highA.getting rid of B.getting along with第5页共58页C.Looking up toK答案1ck考点本题考查动词短语辨析。I1解析U getting rid of意为“摆脱;Looking up to意为“尊敬;敬仰”;D.looking down upon去除；getting along with意为“与.相处；进展”；looking down upon意为“看不起；轻视。句意为“你无论认为自己怎样低下，总希望有个高尚的人来尊敬你。”K10 安徽 I How did you like Nicks performance last night?To be honest,his singing didnt to me muchA.appeal B.belong C refer D.occurK答案X Ak考点本题考查动词辨析。K解析H appeal to意为“吸引”;belong to意为“属于；refer to意为“提到；涉及“；occur t。意为“突然想到”。句意为“她的演唱并不怎么吸引我。”K10 江西 2 Parents much importance to education.They will do their best to give theirchildren that priceless gift.A attach B pay C link D applyK答案I Ak考点R考查动词词组。I解析 U,attach importance to 关注.K10 江西 2 Smell the flowers before you go to sleep,and you may just sweet dreams.A keep up with B put up with C end up with D catch up withK答案I Ck考点I考查动词词组。I1解析H keep up with 保持,put up with 忍受，end up with 以 为结束 catch up with 赶上。K10 江西 2 We give dogs time,space and love we c an spare,and,dogs give us their all.A in all B in fact C in short D in return（答案X Dk考点考查in的词组。I解析U in all共计in fact实际上in short简而言之in return以作为回报。K10 山东 U Sam some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.A.brought up B.looked up C.picked up D.set upk答案H ck考点I本题考查动词短语意义辨析。k解析1句意应为“山姆只是凭借看别人操作电脑就学到了一些电脑知识。”表示“学会”用pick up;pick up另外还有“捡起；顺车接送,搭载；收拾，整理；重新开始；获得”等义；bring up表示“抚养,教育；提出；呕吐”；lookup表示“向上看；（形势）好转,改善；查阅”;set up表示“建立，设置；造成，产生”。K10 山东 U Your house is always so neathow do you it with three children?A.manage B.serve C.adapt D.constructk答案H Ak考点】本题考查动词在具体语境中的使用。k解析句意应为“你家里总是那么整洁-家里有三个孩子，你是怎么设法做到的?”表示“设法做成某事用manage it。serve表示“为 服务;接待”;adapt表示“使适应，使适合”;construct表示“建造，构筑；构思”。第6页共58页H10 天津 U Joining the firm as a clerk,he got rapid promotion,and as a manager.A.ended up B.dropped out C.came back D.started offk答案I Ak考点I考查短语动词的用法。k解析句意：作为一名职员加入公司，他很快得到提升，最后当上了经理。ended up as作 为.而结束的意思；dropped out是“退出，退学”的意思；came back是“回来，的意思；started off是“动身，出发”的意思。只有A项符合题意。k 10 天津 U He telephoned the travel agency to three air tickets to London.A.order B.arrange C.take D.bookK答案X Dk考点R考查动词意义。k解析I句意:他打电话给旅行社预定三张去伦敦的机票。book和tickets搭配，是“订票”的意思。K10 四 IU Some people eat with their eyes.They prefer to order what nice.A.looks B.smells C.feels D.tastesk答案H Ak考点I考查系动词辨析。I1解析U与上句中的eat with their eyes相对，后句应该为点看起来很好吃的东西。故正确答 案为AoK10 四川 U Jenny was looking fbr a seat when,luckily,a man and left.A.took up B.got up C.shut up D.set upK答案H Bk考点I考查动词词组。（解析getup意为“起床，起立”。句意为“Jenny正在找一个座位，正在那时，很幸运地，一 个人站起来离开了。”故选B。1意为“从事，占据时间或空间”；C意为“闭嘴”；D意为“建 造，搭起”。110 江苏U Thousands of foreigners were to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened.A.attended B.attained C.attracted D.attachedK答案I ck考点R考查动词意义。k解析I表示成千上万的外宾被吸引来参加上海的世博会。k 10 江苏 UThe experiment has the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet,but it does not mean there is no life on other planets.A.found out B.pointed out C.ruled out D.carried outK答案I ck考点R考查动词词组。k解析U排除可能性。Find out是查找出point out指出carry out执行，实施K10 江苏 U So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy,but it is ideal.Wehave to work still harder.A.next to B.far from C.out of D.due toK答案X Bk考点R考查动词短语辨析。I解析U far from表示not at all.next to表示仅次于due to表示因为，由于H10 陕西 2 You look well.The air and the sea foods in Sanya must you,I suppose.第7页共58页A.agree with B.agree to C.agree on D.agree aboutK答案X Ak考点R考查动词短语辨析。I解析U Agree with：同意，赞成；与 相适应；agree to：同意，赞成（观点，看法等）；agree on：就 达成协议；agree about：对 有相同的看法。题干意思是：你看上去很好。我 认为：三亚的空气和海鲜很适合你。选A。110 湖匕U Just as the clothes a person wears,the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time,his house his personality.A.resembles B.strengthens C.reflects D.shapesK答案1ck考点R考查动词词义辨析k解析I“就好像一个人穿什么，吃什么，以及和什么样的人交往能反映人的个性一样，一个 人的住房也是如此。”要选一个表示“反映”的词，就是reflect.44resemble=look like;“strengthen”表示“加强，巩固”；“shape”作动词表示“塑形”110 湖匕U Had he her promise,she would have made it to Yale University.A.looked up to B.lived up toC.kept up with D.come up withK答案H Bk考点I动词词组辨析k解析该题的难点不仅仅在于这四个词组的辨析，更主要的是考生要读得懂这个句子的意 思。该句是典型的虚拟语气，if引导的非真实条件句的倒装句，描述的事于过去事实是相 反的。“如果她当年履行了自己的诺言，她就会进入耶鲁大学了。look up to（抬头看，尊 重）keep up with（跟上，追上）come up with（追赶上；想出；提出），只有live up to（履行，实行）符合题意。110 湖 J 匕 U It is illegal fbr a public official to ask people fbr gifts or money favors to them.A.in preference to B.in place ofC.in agreement with D.in exchange fbrK答案I Dk考点词组辨析I解析U 先理解短语的意思.In preference to（优先于）；in place of（代替）；in agreement with（同 意,与-*致）；in exchange for（交换）。其实辨析这几个介词短语的难度不大，只需要认识每一个短语中的核心词preference,exchange,place,agreement的意思即可，猜测较为容易。110 辽宁 U Thousands of people to watch yesterdays match against Ireland.A.turned on B.turned in C.turned around D.turned outk答案H Dk考点I考查短语动词的用法。k解析句意：数千人出来观看昨天同爱尔兰队的比赛。turnout有“外出”的意思，而turn on 则是“打开”,turn in“上床睡觉，上缴”等意思；turn around“转身”的意思。只有turn out符 合语境。110 辽宁 U The new movie to be one of the biggest money-makers of all time.c.pretends D.declinesA.promises B.agreesK答案1AK考点第8页共58页k解析句意：这部新电影有望成为电影票房史上票房最高的影片之一。考查动词意义辨析。promise除了表示“允诺,答应”外，还有“有的希望”的意思；agree是“同意，赞同”；pretend是假装；decline是“衰老，衰退”。只有promises符合题意。k 10 浙江 UThe majority of people in the town strongly the plan to build a playground for children.A.consider B.support C.confirm D.submitK答案Bk考点本题考查动词辨析。k解析分析四个选项的意思：consider考虑，思考，认为等；support支持，拥护，维持；confirm证实，确认；submit使屈服，使经受。根据语境：镇上的大多数人都积极地拥护为孩 子们建造运动场的计划。H10 浙江 U After that,he knew he could any emergency by doing what be could to the best of his ability.A.get away with B.get on with C.get through D.get acrossK答案H Ck考点本题考查与get相关的短语辨析。I解析U分析四个选项的意思：get away with侥幸逃脱；get on with与 有好相处；get through接通，顺利通过，完成；get across被理解，越过。根据语境：经过那件事之后，他明 白了他能尽一切可能去顺利解决任何突发情况。k解析R109 浙江 U The good thing about children is that they very easily to new environments.A.adapt B.appeal C.attach D.applyK答案1AK考点1本题考查动词词义。k解析I根据句意，“关于孩子们美好的事情就是孩子们能很容易适应新的环境。adapt to适 应”;appeal to“有吸引力，有感染力；呼吁;求助于;上诉”等;attach to粘上，附上”;apply to应 用于，适应于工109 安徽 U Just as Professor Scotti often it,success is ninety-nine percent mental attitude.A.gets B.makes C.puts D.means口答案H ck考点动词辨析k解析U正像Professor Scotti提出的，成功是来自99%的汗水。09 安徽 U We tried to find a table for seven,hut they were all.A.given away B.kept awayC.taken up D.used upK答案I ck考点I短语辨析k解析U giveaway放弃；泄露；分发；出卖keep away防范；不接近take up拿起；开始从 事use up用完，耗尽109 福建 U We are at your service.Dont to turn to us if you have any further problems.A.beg B.hesitate C.desire D.seekk答案B第9页共58页k考点动词词义辨析。I解析Ubeg：乞求，乞讨，恳求；hesitate：犹豫，踌躇；desire：欲望；愿望；seek：试图，要 求。题干意思是：我们为你服务。当你有任何问题时，请毫不犹豫的向我们求助。选B。(09 湖北 U Would you please the paper fbr me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?A.look around B.look into C.look up D.look throughK答案H Dk考点动词短语。k解析该句意思是“请你为我检查一下文章看是否有明显错误”。look through可表示“检 春 浏览”之意。look around“环顾”,look into 调查”,look up“抬头看，查阅”。(09 湖匕U During the war there was a serious lack of food.It was not unusual that even the wealthy families had to bread fbr days.A.eat up B.give away C.do without D.deal withK答案H ck考点】动词短语。I解析U根据上句During the war there was a serious lack of food可推测出“即或是富裕家庭 也得几天吃不上面包”，应选择do without表示“不用/吃 勉强度过“。eat up“吃完”,give away 收拾”,deal with 应付，处理”。109 湖北 U The loss has not yet been accurately,but it is believed to be well beyond ahundred million dollars.A.calculated B.considered C.completed D.controlledK答案X Ak考点R考查动词意义。I解析U根据句意可知此处表示“损失数据还没统计.”，应选择calculatedo considered“考虑”,completed“完成”,controlled“