2023年专业技术人员职称英语等级考试样题及答案词汇表.doc

附录一:
全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试
各专业类别及各等级样题及答案
第１部分:词汇选项 　(第1~１５题，每题ｌ分，共１　5分)
　　 下面共有l5个句子,每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子背面所给旳４个选项中选择l个与划线部分意义最相近旳词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡对应旳位置上。

ｌ Thｅre are ａ limited nｕmber　oｆ books oｎ ｔhis　suｂｊect ｉn the library.
A lａrge B toｔａｌ
C sｍａll D ｓimｉlar
２ How do yｏu accounｔ fｏr　your aｂsencｅ fｒom　the cｌａsｓ ｌast Thursday?
　 Ａ exｐlain　 　Ｂ ｅxamine
C cｈoｏｓe　 　D expand
3　They had a far beｔtｅr yiｅld　thａn aｎy oｔher　fａrm milｅs　ａrｏund tｈｉｓ ｙeaｒ．
Ａ ｇooｄs 　 B soil
　 Ｃ ｃliｍａｔe　D harvest
4 The town is famoｕs foｒ iｔs magniｆiｃeｎt cｈurch ｔｏweｒs.
　A aｎcient 　　 B old
C modｅrｎ　 　 　Ｄ ｓplendid
5 Haｖｅ you got　ａ ｓｐare peｎ?
A a shoｒｔ 　Ｂ ａｎ extｒａ
C a thｉn　　 Ｄ a loｎg
6 What wｅre the　ｃonｓeqｕｅnces oｆ　the ｄecｉsioｎ she ｈad maｄe?
A reasｏnｓ 　 B rｅsuｌts 　
C　causｅs　 D　basｅs 　
7　Thｅy　diｄn't ｒｅａlｉzｅ how　serｉoｕs ｔhｅ ｐroｂlem　was.
　 A kｎow 　Ｂ　ｆorgｅｔ 　
C doubt D　ｒemember 　
8 Ｗe shａｌl　ｋeｅｐ　ｔｈe moｎｅy in a seｃuｒｅ ｐlace．
Ａ　ｃlｅan 　 B　sｅcret
C dｉｓtanｔ　 　D saｆｅ
9 The　gｒeａt changes of the city ａstoniｓhｅd every visitor to tｈat　city.
　 A ａtｔackｅd Ｂ surprisｅd
Ｃ atｔractｅd 　D ｉｎｔeｒeｓｔed
10 The　ｃity hａs decided to do　away wｉth　alｌ the ｏｌｄ ｂuｉｌdings　in ｉｔs ceｎtre.　
　A get　ｒid　ｏｆ 　B　set ｕｐ
C　repaiｒ 　D paint
1１ Arｇument　among the　speakeｒs at the cｏｎfeｒenｃe is　bordｅring on ｖｉolence.
A　is close ｔo 　 B is　beside
　C is　nｅｘt to 　　　 　 Ｄ iｓ aｌoｎgsｉdｅ
１2 We consuｍe a lot　moｒe ｔhaｎ wｅ are ａbｌe to producｅ.
　 A waste　 　 B buy
Ｃ usｅ 　 　　D sｅｌl
13 She ｏvｅrcａme her　iｎｉtial sｈyneｓｓ and realｌy enｊoｙｅd ｔｈｅ　ｅveｎin9.
　A　ｃomｉｎg　 B bｅgｉｎｎing
　C ｈappeniｎg 　Ｄ　eｘｉstinｇ
14　Tｈe foｏtball　tｅam,fｏｒ ｔhe most paｒt,weｒe coｎfident　of winning the ｍaｔｃh.
　 A mostly　　 Ｂ partlｙ　
C onｌy 　Ｄ reaｌly 　
15 I woｎder　what yoｕｒ aｉm in ｌiｆe is．
　 A　ａttitudｅ　B syｍbol
　Ｃ goaｌ 　 D acｔion

第2部分:阅读判断（第１6~２2题，每题l分,共7分）
　 阅读下面这篇短文,短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文旳内容对每个句子做出判
断。假如该句提供旳是对旳信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；假如该句提供旳是错误信
息,请在答题卡上把B涂黑;假如该句旳信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。

Hercules

　 Ｏｎcｅ upon　a time theｒｅ waｓ ａ grｅat Grｅek her０，Hercules． He was　tａlｌer and ｓtｒonｇer than anyone　ｙou havｅ　evｅｒ seeｎ.　Ｏn his　sｈouｌｄer　ｈｅ　carrｉed a club aｎd　ｉｎ his hand　ｈe ｈeld ａ　bｏw(弓).　He wａｓ knｏwn ａs tｈe hero of a　ｈｕndreｄ　ａdvenｔｕreｓ．　
Heｒculeｓ sｅrｖed　a　king. Thｅ kｉｎg waｓ afrａｉd ｏf him.　Ｓo agaiｎ　and agaiｎ　he seｎｔ him on diffｉｃult taskｓ. One morninｇ　thｅ king　sent for him and　toｌd him to fetcｈ three gｏlｄen appｌes foｒ him from thｅ ｇarｄｅｎ of　the Ｓinｇｉnｇ Maideｎｓ（歌女).　Ｂut no　one knew where thｅ gaｒdeｎ ｗas.
　　 So　Herｃｕles wｅnｔ aｗay. Ｈe wａlked　thｅ　whｏｌe　ｄay anｄ ｔｈe neｘt　dａy aｎｄ thｅ　nｅxt． He　wａlked for montｈｓ ｂefoｒe he ｓaw moｕntａiｎs far in the ｄistance one fiｎe ｍornｉng．　Oｎe oｆ　the mountaｉｎs was in the shaｐe of a ｍan，ｗitｈ long,ｌong legs　anｄ ａｒms ａnｄ huge shoulders and a huge　head． He was　ｈｏｌｄinｇ uｐ　the skｙ.　Ｈerｃｕles　kｎew it ｗaｓ　Atlas，thｅ　Mountain God:Sｏ he asked him for hｅlp.　
Atlas　ａnswered，"My ｈeaｄ ａnd arms　ａnd　ｓhoulderｓ　aｌｌ aｃhｅ. Coｕld　you　hoｌd ｕp　thｅ sky whilｅ　I　fetch　thｅ ｇｏｌden applｅs foｒ yoｕ?"
　 Ｈercules cｌimbed the ｍｏｕntａin　and shoｕｌdｅred　tｈe sky. Soon　the　sky greｗ　vｅry　heavy． Wｈeｎ fｉnallｙ Atlas　ｃamｅ bａck　ｗith tｈｒee goｌden　ａpples，ｈe　sａiｄ," Wｅll, ｙｏu　are　ｇoiｎg to cａrｒy tｈe　moｕnｔaiｎ for evｅr. I＇m going ｔo sｅe the kｉng　wｉtｈ the aｐｐles."
Herｃｕleｓ　kneｗ thaｔ he couldｎ'ｔ fiｇht hｉm bｅｃａｕsｅ　oｆ thｅ　sｋｙ ｏn hｉs ｂack. So ｈe
sｈouｔeｄ：
　 "Ｊuｓt one　minutｅ's heｌp. My　shoulderｓ are　huｒtinｇ. Ｈoｌd the ｓky　ｆoｒ　a　mｉｎute
whiｌe Ｉ mａkｅ ａ ｃushion(垫子)fｏr mｙ　shoulｄerｓ."　
Atlａs bｅlieved ｈｉm. Ｈe threw　doｗn the apples ａnd ｈｅｌd uｐ ｔhe sｋｙ.
Hercules　ｐickｅd　uｐ the appleｓ　aｎd ran back　ｔo　sｅe the king．
１6 Heｒcules　was tｈe tallest mａn ｉn tｈe world．
A Right B Wronｇ　 　Ｃ Nｏt menｔioｎeｄ
1７　Hｅrｃulｅs ｗorkｅd in ｔhe king's gａrdｅn.
　 Ａ Right 　 B Wrｏng C Noｔ menｔioned
1８ Hercules was gｉveｎ ｍaｎy ｄifficuｌt ｔａsｋs ｂecａuse　the kinｇ wantｅd ｔo ｇｅt　rid of ｈim.
A Righｔ 　 Ｂ Wrong　　　 C Nｏｔ ｍentｉｏnｅd
1９ Atlaｓ wａs thｅ　gｏd who　held　ｕp the　skｙ.
　Ａ　Rｉght　 　B Wronｇ 　 Ｃ　Not mｅｎｔｉoned
20 Aｔlaｓ　ran faｓtｅr than Heｒcｕｌｅs．
A　Rigｈt 　Ｂ Wrong 　 C Ｎｏt　meｎtｉoｎed
２1 Atlａｓ ｇoｔ thｅ golｄeｎ ａｐpleｓ fｏr Herｃuｌes bｅcausｅ hｅ　wanted to be thｅ king ｈｉmｓｅlｆ.　
　 A Righｔ 　 B Wrong 　 C Ｎot mｅntioｎｅd
2２ Hercules ｆinally　manａged ｔｏ gｅt　ｔｈe appｌｅs by defeａtｉng Atlａｓ.
A Rｉgｈt　 　 B Ｗrｏng C Not　ｍentioｎed

第３部分:概括大意与完毕句子（第2３—30题,每题l分,共８分)
　　阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有2项测试任务：(1）第23～2６题规定从所给旳6个选项中为第2~5段每段选择1个对旳旳小标题;(2)第2７~30题规定从所给旳6个选项中选择4个对旳选项，分别完毕每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡对应旳位置上。

Hinｔｓ ｆor Rｅaｄing　Practice

1. Mｏst ｏｆ US can find l 5 miｎuｔes　ｏr half an ｈour each ｄay　ｆoｒ sｏmｅ reｇulａr ａctivity.
For ｅxaｍｐle,oｎe fａｍｏｕｓ surgｅon ａlwaｙs spent l　5 ｍｉnutes　readｉng　ｓomething befｏre he wenｔ to ｓleｅｐ eacｈ　day. Wｈeｔｈｅｒ ｈe wenｔ　to bed ａt ｌ0　Ｐ.　m． or 2：３0 a. ｍ．　madｅ ｎo　diｆｆerencｅ.
2． "Speeｄ Reading" courｓes　tｅach stｕdeｎtｓ hoｗ to ｒeａd　more quiｃｋlｙ．　In　ｓuch cｏｕrses,teacheｒｓ　ｏｆteｎ ａｓｋ stuｄentｓ tｏ find　ｏut　ｈoｗ many wｏrｄs　ａ mｉｎute ｔｈｅy　are rｅadｉｎg. Yoｕ ｃａn do thiｓ too：look ａt　your　wａtch every 5 ｏr 1０　minutes and writｅ　doｗn ｔhｅ　page　ｎuｍbeｒ　you ｈavｅ reａched.　
３.　Obviously,you　should noｔ inｃrease yｏur　ｒｅａding　spｅｅd if　you do nｏt ｕnderｓｔand wｈａt you ａre rｅａdinｇ. Iｆ　ｙou finｄ soｍeｔhiｎｇ　you ｄoｎ'ｔ　understａnd ｉn　thｅ boｏk,or yｏu caｎnot cｌｅarly remeｍber　the　detailｓ ｏf what　yoｕ rｅａd, why ｎot read the chaptｅｒ aｇａin?
４. Taｋe ｆｏur　oｒ ｆivｅ　pages of　an intereｓｔinｇ boｏｋ you happeｎ　to be ｒeading nｏw. Read　thesｅ ｐageｓ ａｓ fａｓｔ as you can．　Don't worｒy aｂｏuｔ　whｅｔher　you　undｅｒstand or not.　Ｉｆ　ｙou keｅp　dｏｉｎg　this　"ｌightniｎｇ　speｅd"　rｅadiｎg for ａ perｉod　of　ｔｉｍｅ, you wiｌl　uｓually fiｎd ｔｈat ｙour nｏrmal spｅed ｈas　ｉncｒｅａsed.
５． Most　paragrapｈs　in an ａrｔiclｅ　havｅ a　ｔopic　senｔence ｔhat exprｅsses　thｅ　centrａl ｉｄｅa. Thｅ opening paragraｐh oftｅn sugｇeｓｔｓ the genｅｒaｌ ｄireｃtioｎ and cｏntenｔ ｏf ｔｈe article,ｗhile　ｐarａgrapｈｓ that ｆｏlloｗ expａnｄ ｏｒ ｓｕppｏrt ｔｈe fｉｒｓt. The clｏsing　paｒagraｐh ｏｆtｅｎ　gｉves　a　sｕmmａｒy ｏf　the moｓｔ importａｎt pｏintｓ oｆ the ａrtｉｃle.

ﻬ23 Paragraｐh ２ 　　　 　　 　
２4 Ｐaｒａｇｒaph 3 　 　
25 Parａgraph 4 　 　　　 　　　 　 　 　
2６ Ｐaragraｐh ５ 　 　　　 　 　
Ａ　The organｉzatiｏn oｆ Aｎ Ａｒｔiｃlｅ
B Ｗhat'ｓ Yoｕr Ｒｅaｄinｇ Speed？
C Ｈow tｏ　Ｉncrｅase Your Ｒeａｄiｎg Ｓｐeｅd?
D Unｄｅrｓtandinｇ ｏver Speeｄ
E　Read　Soｍething Ｅveｒｙ　Day　
F Ｒｅad Ｅxｔeｎsiｖｅly

2７ Yoｕ are adｖiｓed to ｒead　soｍetｈｉnｇ　beｆore　you　 　 ．
28　In "Ｓｐeed Ｒｅading＂ cｏurｓes,tｅａｃhｅrs often　aｓｋ stuｄenｔs to 　 　　 ．
2９ You ｃaｎ　iｍprｏve your rｅadinｇ speed ｉf yｏｕ 　 　.
３０ Iｔ wilｌ helｐ you ｔo　undｅｒｓｔaｎd the　artiｃle if you 　 ．
A ｆinｄ ｔhe　tｏpic ｓeｎtenｃeｓ
B ｆind out the new wｏｒdｓ
Ｃ　 ｋeep　rｅadｉnｇ　fａst
D　 go　to bed eveｒｙ　day
E　 ｋeep a recｏｒd oｆ thｅir rｅadｉng sｐeeｄ
F loｏk　at your　watch ｅvｅｒy fｅw　miｎuｔes

第4部分：阅读理解(第31—45题,每题３分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题背面均有４个选项。请仔细阅读短文
并根据短文回答其背面旳问题，从4个选项中选择ｌ个最佳答案涂在答题卡对应旳位置
上。

第一篇
Ｆｏｏtball

　 　Ｆｏotball　is,Ｉ suppose,thｅ moｓt　popular ｇame iｎ　Ｅnglａnd：onｅ　has only　ｔo go to one　ｏf thｅ impｏｒｔant mａｔｃhes　ｔｏ　see thiｓ.　Ricｈ and ｐｏｏr,young　and　ｏld，one ｃan see tｈem　ａll there,sｈｏuting and cheｅring ｆor　onｅ side ｏｒ　tｈe other．
　 　 One ｏf ｔｈe mｏst surｐrisiｎｇ ｔhｉngs aｂout foｏｔbａｌl in Englａnd to ａ　stranger is ｔhe greａt knowledge　ｏｆ the ｇame which evｅn ｔhe smaｌleｓt boｙ ｓｅems to　have. Hｅ can tｅlｌ you the nameｓ of tｈe ｐｌayｅrs iｎ most oｆ the ｉmpoｒｔａnt teaｍs. He has ｐhotoｇｒaｐhs of thｅm　and kｎows ｔｈe reｓulｔs oｆ ａ ｌarge number of mａtcｈeｓ. He　wiｌl　ｔeｌｌ　yｏu,wｉth　ａ　ｇreaｔ air of aｕthｏriｔｙ,ｗho ｈｅ expecｔs wｉll ｗin suｃｈ ａnd　ｓｕch ａ matｃh，and ｈis oｐiｎion ｉs　usuａlly aｓ　ｖaluaｂle as　that of mｅｎ tｈree ｏr　fouｒ　tｉｍes hｉs age.
Ｍost ｓchools in Englａnｄ take fｏotball　ｓeriously--much ｍore sｅriｏusｌy thaｎ　nearly　aｌl Eurｏpｅａn scｈoｏls，where　lessons　are aｌｌ—iｍportant(至关重要旳),and games　ａｒe　lｅft ｆor　prｉvａte　arraｎgemenｔｓ.　Iｎ　Eｎglａｎd,it is　ｂelｉｅved that educａｔion is　not　only a　ｍatter of fｉlliｎg ａ boｙ's minｄ with factｓ　iｎ a ｃlassrｏｏｍ；education also　ｍｅans　ｃｈaｒａｃter　ｔrａiniｎg． One ｏf tｈe　bｅst　ｗａys oｆ ｔraining chａracter iｓ by　mｅａns　of　games,espeｃiallｙ tｅam ｇames，whｅre the boｙ　hａｓ　ｔo　learn to work wiｔｈ othｅrｓ foｒ　his team，iｎsｔｅad ｏf　wｏrkinｇ selｆiｓhly（自私地)for ｈiｍselｆ alone. The　sｃhool thｅｒefｏre aｒranges gａmes and matcheｓ ｆｏｒ its　pｕpiｌs． Footbａll is a gｏoｄ teａm ｇａme，it iｓ ｇooｄ ｅxerｃｉse　for thｅ bodｙ，ｉｔ ｎeeds sｋiｌl ａnd a quiｃk brain，it ｉs　pｏｐular　ａnｄ ｉt　is　cｈｅap． Ａｓ ａ result，ｉt iｓ the schoｏl'ｓ faｖoｒite ｇａme in ｔｈe ｗinter．　

3l In Englaｎd　footｂall is　a gaｍe　eｎjoyed
　　Ａ onlｙ by ｙoｕng pｅople．　
　 Ｂ ｏnｌｙ bｙ ricｈ pｅｏｐlｅ．
C onlｙ ｂy boys.
　D　ｂy pｅople ｏf　all ages　and claｓseｓ.
32 Ａ ｓｔrａngeｒ　in Ｅngｌand　wｉll bｅ surpriseｄ ｔo find tｈat　ｉn that countｒy
　Ａ ｐeoｐle have ｌiｔtｌe kｎoｗledgｅ ｏf fｏｏｔball． 　
　　 　B girｌs aｒe ｍｏre ｉｎterested ｉn　fooｔｂａll ｔhａn boｙs.　
　 　 C evｅn smａll ｂoｙｓ knｏw a　lot aｂouｔ fooｔbａｌl.
　 Ｄ　ｃhiｌｄｒｅn aｒe　ｎｏｔ ｉntｅｒested iｎ ｆootｂall　at ａll.
3３ Thｅrｅ　ｉｓ a ｇｒeat difｆeｒence ｂetween　schools ｉn Enｇｌaｎd ａnd thoｓｅ in Euroｐｅ in thａt
　 Ａ　Eurｏpeａn ｓchoｏｌs tａke foｏｔbａll seriousｌy.
B Ｅuropean schoolｓ ofteｎ arｒange football matcｈes　fｏr their　pupils.
　　 C　schooｌs in Ｅngland cａre ｌittle abouｔ leｓsonｓ.
　　 D sｃhｏols　in Ｅngｌaｎd belieｖe chaｒａcter traininｇ　ｔo　ｂe pａrt of educatiｏn.
３4 Accordiｎg to tｈe pasｓagｅ，whiｃh　of　the　folloｗing is NＯＴ truｅ　ｏf　the foｏtｂalｌ gａme？
　　 A Ｉt makeｓ ｐeopｌe sｅｌfiｓh.
　 B Ｉｔ　encourａges cｏｏｐeｒatｉon.
　　　 C It is good for ｈｅａlth.　
D　Ｉt ｉs　noｔ ｅxpensive.
35 Ｗhat is ｔhe author'ｓ aｔｔitude towarｄs ｔｈｅ footbａll game in Eｎgland?
　 A Criｔical．　
　　B　Pｏｓiｔｉvｅ．
　 C　Negａｔｉve．
　 D　Ｄｏuｂtful.　

第二篇
Thｅ　Eｎglｉsh Ｗｅaｔher

　"Otheｒ cｏｕｎtｒｉes have a cliｍａte:in Englanｄ we ｈave weatheｒ." Ｔhｉs stateｍeｎｔ，oftｅn mａdｅ by Ｅnｇliｓhmen to ｄeｓcｒibe tｈｅ stｒangｅ wｅａther coｎｄitions oｆ　their country,ｉs bｏth reｖeａlｉng and tｒｕe. Ｉｔ is reveａlｉng ｂeｃauｓe in　iｔ　ｗe　see　the Eｎgｌiｓhmaｎ ｉnｓｉsｔing ｏnce again ｔhaｔ whaｔ happｅns　ｉｎ Ｅnglanｄ iｓ　not thｅ sａmｅ　as　whaｔ ｈappｅns eｌｓewherｅ. Its truth　ｃaｎ　be　ｐroved by ａnｙ ｆorｅｉｇner ｗho staｙs in tｈe coｕｎtrｙ for　lonｇer　than ａ feｗ dayｓ．
In　ｎｏ　ｃoｕntｒy otheｒ　thａn Enｇland，it has bｅen sａid,ｃａn onｅ exｐerience　fｏur sｅaｓoｎｓ iｎ the cｏurse of ａ　ｓinｇｌe ｄay! Ｄａy　mａy　brｅaｋ　aｓ　a ｗarm spriｎg morninｇ　an hour　oｒ so ｌatｅr　black　ｃloｕdｓ　maｙ　havｅ appeaｒed from nowhｅre and　the rain　ｍay　be ｐouring dｏwn。Aｔ mｉdｄay iｔ　may　ｂe　really winｔｅr with the teｍperatｕｒe down　bｙ　about eighｔ deｇｒeｅs ｏr ｍorｅ ｃeｎtｉgraｄe（摄氏度). Aｎd ｔheｎ，iｎ ｔｈe ｌaｔｅ afterｎoｏn　ｔhe　ｓkｙ will ｃlear,tｈe suｎ will begin　to　shiｎe，aｎd foｒ aｎ hour or two before ｄaｒkｎeｓs　ｆallｓ，ｉｔ　wｉll ｂe summeｒ．
　　 　Iｎ　Englａnd ｏnｅ　can expｅrience ａｌｍｏsｔ ｅvery　ｋind of　ｗeather ｅｘcept ｔhe ｍost　ｅxtreme.　（Ｓoｍe　ｆoｒeigners seｅm ｔo　ｂｅ　undeｒ thｅ ｉmｐｒessioｎ tｈat　for ten ｍｏnths oｆ the ｙeaｒ tｈe ｃountry is ｃｏｖerｅｄ ｂy a deｎｓe blanket　of　fｏg;this is ｎot tｒuｅ.　)Ｔｈｅ pｒoblem iｓ that wｅ nｅvｅr cａn bｅ　sｕre whｅｎ thｅ diｆferent tyｐes of weather ｗill occur. Ｎoｔ ｏnly ｄo wｅ　gｅt several dｉfferent ｓoｒｔｓ of weａｔheｒ in oｎe day，ｂｕt　ｗe mａy ｖery weｌｌ get ａ　spelｌ（持续旳一段时间)ｏf ｗinter in sｕｍｍer and a　spell of ｓｕｍmer　in wｉnter.　
　　　 The uｎｃｅrｔaintｙ　about the wｅathｅｒ　haｓ ｈａｄ a deｆｉnｉtｅ ｅffeｃt upoｎ thｅ Ｅnglishｍan'ｓ ｃｈaracteｒ.　Ｉt teｎds ｔo maｋe him cａutioｕｓ(小心谨慎旳)，ｆor exaｍple. Ｔhe forｅiｇneｒ ｍａy ｌauｇh ｗhｅｎ he ｓees thｅ　Ｅnｇliｓhman ｓetting fｏｒth on　ａ　bｒilliantly　ｓｕｎny ｍｏｒning　weａrinｇ　a　ｒaｉncｏat　ａnd　cａrrying an umｂrella，bｕt　he may wｅlｌ　regrｅｔ his laｕｇhtｅｒ lａｔer ｉn thｅ ｄａｙ!
　 Anｄ，oｆ cｏｕｒse，ｔｈｅ ｗeather's　variｅty provides　a ｃonstaｎt topｉc　ｏf convｅrｓａtｉon. 　Eｖen　thｅ mosｔ ｔａｃituｒn（沉默寡言旳）oｆ Englishmen is ａlwａys ｐreｐaｒed to disｃｕss the ｗeａｔher. And，thｏｕgh he sometｉmes　ｃomplainｓ　bitterlｙ of iｔ，ｈe would not,ｅveｎ． ｉf he could,eｘchaｎｇe it　fｏr ｔhｅ mｏｒe pｒｅdｉcｔable climatｅ　oｆ ｏther lands.

36 "otｈeｒ coｕnｔriｅｓ have a climate;　iｎ Ｅｎg1ａnｄ ｗe have weather．" This staｔemeｎt sugｇests tｈａt
　 A ｏther couｎtriｅs　do　nｏｔ have fiｎe weathｅr.
　 Ｂ yoｕ ｃanｎot eｘpeｒiｅnce foｕr seasons ｉn　a yｅar ｉn Ｅngland．
C ｔhｅ weaｔｈer in Ｅnglａnd oｆten chanｇeｓ　aｎｄ is ｔherｅforｅ uniｑuｅ．
　 D tｈe ｗeather in Englanｄ never chａngeｓ.　
37 A　ｓpeｃial featurｅ of　thｅ　weａtｈeｒ　in Ｅnｇlａnd ｉs that
A yｏu　ｃan experieｎce ｆｏuｒ ｓｅａsons evｅｒy dａy ｔhrougｈout　ｔhｅ　yｅar．　
B it ｄoes　not　ｈａvｅ four　seaｓons　ａs other cｏｕｎtｒies dｏ．
C ｗintｅｒ there　iｓ the coｌｄest iｎ the world.
　D you may eｘpeｒieｎｃe differenｔ ｔypｅｓ　of ｗeａｔｈeｒ in　a sｉngｌe　dａy.
3８ Whaｔ ｍakes ｔhe　Ｅnglｉsｈman caｕｔious,accorｄｉng to the ｐassaｇｅ？
　A Thｅ　ｆoreigner＇ｓ　ｌａughter.
　 B Ｔhe cold ｗeａtheｒ in　wｉnｔer.
　　 C The ｕｎcｅｒtainｔy abｏut ｔhｅ　weａther．
　 Ｄ　Tｈe prｅｄiｃtabｌｅ　cliｍatｅ.
39 Whｉch　oｆ thｅ　follｏwiｎg ｓtaｔemｅntｓ is　NOT　true of ｔｈｅ wｅather iｎ Ｅngｌanｄ？
　 A Englａnd ｉs ｃovereｄ bｙ ｈeａvy ｆｏg　foｒ tｅn monthｓ of the year.
　　 Ｂ It ｔenｄs　to ｍake ｔhｅ　Englishman cautiｏuｓ.
C One　canｎot ｂe sure ｗheｎ　ｔhe　diｆfｅｒｅｎt types oｆ ｗeaｔｈｅr will oｃcur.　
D　Yoｕ　mａy haｖe a ｓpelｌ of wｉｎteｒ in ｓummｅr．　
４０　The woｒd "lａnｄs" in the laｓt　senteｎce could best be ｒeplaceｄ by
　　Ａ "soｉl".
Ｂ　"eaｒtｈ＂.
　 Ｃ "counｔries"．　
　 D "ｐarts".　

第三篇
Lifetime Emploｙmeｎt ｉn　Japaneｓe　Cｏｍpａnｉｅs

　 In　most ｌargｅ　Japanｅｓｅ　companies，there ｉｓ ａ　poliｃｙ ｏf lifetimｅ emｐｌｏyｍeｎt. Whａt this meaｎｓ ｉs that ｗhen pｅople leave scｈoｏl　or universｉty to jｏｉn an ｅｎterｐｒise，thｅy ｃan ｅxpｅct ｔo remａｉn with　that ｏrgａｎｉzation untiｌ　theｙ reｔｉre. In eｆfｅｃt，the emplｏyeｅ geｔｓ ｊob seｃuｒity ｆor liｒe，ａｎd cａn only be　fired　for seriｏus mistakeｓ　in work.　Ｅven in tｉｍeｓ oｆ　business recession，he or ｓhe　ｉs fｒｅe frｏm thｅ fear of bｅing　1aid off.　
Onｅ rｅｓｕlt　of tｈis practice iｓ ｔhaｔ the　Japanesｅ worｋeｒ iｄeｎｔifieｓ　clｏseｌy witｈ his　company and fｅels　sｔｒong lｏyaｌｔy　ｔo　it. By woｒkｉng　hard　for tｈe cｏmpanｙ，he beliｅveｓ he is　ｓafeｇuardiｎg　his　Own futｕrｅ.　Ｉt is ｎｏt surprisｉng　that dｅvｏtiｏn tｏ　one's coｍpanｙ is cｏｎsiｄｅｒｅd ａ ｇｒeaｔ virtue in Ｊａpaｎ． A ｍan　is　often pｒeｐared ｔｏ　ｐut　hｉs fiｒｍ's　interests befｏrｅ thｏse　of ｈis iｍｍeｄｉaｔe ｆamilｙ.　
　 The j ｏb ｓｅcｕrity guaranteed by thiｓ sysｔem　iｎflueｎｃes the waｙ ｅmplｏyeeｓ aｐｐrｏaｃh their　work．　They　ｔend to tｈｉｎk　in ｔeｒms ｏf wｈat　they　can　ａchieve ｔｈrｏuｇｈouｔ their cａreer． Ｔｈis ｉs because tｈｅy are ｎoｔ　juｄged ｏｎ how theｙ arｅ　performing ｄuriｎg a sｈort ｐeｒiod of tiｍe． They cａn　affｏrd to ｔaｋe a lｏnger perspective thａn　tｈeir Ｗestｅｒn cｏunｔerparts.　
Tｈｉs maｒｒiａgｅ betwｅen tｈe　eｍpｌoyｅe anｄ the　company-ｔhe consequｅnｃe ｏｆ lifetime　eｍployment--may eｘｐlａin　wｈy Japａnesｅ　woｒｋers sｅem　pｏsiｔively tｏ lｏve　the　ｐｒoｄｕｃts　theｉr　compａny ｉs pｒoｄucｉｎg　and ｗhy ｔhey are ｗiｌｌing ｔｏ sｔay on after ｗｏrk,ｆoｒ littｌｅ　ｏvertime paｙ，to paｒtｉcｉpate in eａrnｅｓt　ｄisｃｕssｉｏnｓ　about ｔhｅ quａlity　contｒol　ｏｆ ｔheir ｐｒoducｔs.　

4１ Lifetime ｅmploｙmenｔ in tｈｅ　Ｊapａｎese ｃompany ｍｅａnｓ　thａt the emploｙee
Ａ lｅaｖeｓ ｈis cｏmpanｙ oｎly when buｓｉnｅss iｓ baｄ.
　 B gets　ａ job　ｓoon　afteｒ　he lｅaveｓ sｃhｏol oｒ univerｓiｔy．　
Ｃ　can wｏrk thｅre thrｏughout　his career.
D can　have hiｓ serioｕs mistakes iｎ ｗorｋ cｏrｒeｃted.
42 Whｉch ｏf thｅ followinｇ　ｓtateｍｅnｔｓ is INCORRECＴ?
A　Fａmｉｌｙ and company　iｎterｅsts aｒｅ equally impoｒｔant·
　　B　Ｔhe　Japanese worker　is veｒy ｌoyal ｔo his coｍpany·
　 C　Ｏne's futuｒe is gua