2019_2020学年新教材高中英语Unit2ExploringEnglishPeriod4课时作业四外研版必修第一册.doc

Period 4　Developing ideas
课时作业(四)
[基础训练]
Ⅰ　单词拼写
1．We do not have the ________ (财力) to update our computer software.
答案：resources
2．Do you have any ________ (评论) to make about the cause of the disaster?
答案：comment
3．It's a hotel in the heart of the ________ (市中心)．
答案：downtown
4．The emergency ________ (出口) is at the back of the bus.
答案：exit
5．She fell off her bicycle and hurt her legs ________ (相当，颇) badly.
答案：rather
Ⅱ　单句语法填空
1．A lighthouse marks the entrance ________ the harbour.
答案：to　句意：灯塔是进入海港的标志。entrance to ... “进入”。
2．If you decide to work for our organization, you will be part ________ a great team.
答案：of　be (a) part of sth.意为“是某事物的一部分”。
3．She made helpful comments ________ my study.
答案：on　make comments on sth.意为“对某事做出评论”。
4．I had ________ frog in my throat when I got a cold.
答案：a　have a frog in one's throat是一个常用的俚语，常表示“因为喉咙痛说话困难”。
5．Wool socks wick ________ sweat.
答案：away　wick way “吸走”；句意：羊毛袜子吸汗。
6．(2017·天津高考)I read somewhere that we spend a full third of our lives ________ (wait)．
答案：waiting　spend some time doing sth.意为“花时间做某事”。
7．Although it seems ________ (confuse), the Americans and the British have little or no difficulty in understanding each other.
答案：confusing　confusing常用来描述某事物的性质，意为“令人困惑的”。
8．This song reminded me ________ my story when I visited Beijing.
答案：of　remind sb. of sth.意为“使某人想起某事”。
9．________ you can see, the number of cars on our roads keeps rising these days.
答案：As　as引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作宾语，指代主句的内容。
10．I pick ________ languages easily.
答案：up　pick up为常用固定短语，意为“学会，习得”。
[思维训练]
Ⅰ　阅读理解
A

The British are known for their sense of humor. However, it is often difficult for foreigners to understand their jokes. The main point to remember is that the British often use understatement.
Understatement means saying less than you think or feel. For example, if someone gets very wet in a shower of rain, he might say, “It's a little damp (潮湿的) outside.” Or, if someone is very impolite and shouts at another person, someone else might say, “She isn't exactly friendly.” Understatement is often used in unpleasant situation or to make another person look silly. Understatement plays an important part in British humor.
Another key to understanding British humor is that the British like to make fun of themselves as well as others. They often laugh about the silly and unpleasant things that happen to our everyday life when someone accidentally falls over in the street. They also like to make jokes about people from different classes of society. They like to make jokes about their accents, the way they dress and the way they behave. What's more, the British love to watch comedies about people who do not know how to behave in society. The comedies series Mr Bean is a good example of this kind of humor.
Mr Bean is the character created by British actor Rowan Atkinson in 1990. Mr Bean doesn't talk often, and instead he uses his body movement and facial expressions to make people laugh. Perhaps what makes Mr Bean so funny is that he does things that adults in the real world cannot do. Mr Bean is popular in many countries around the world because you do not have to speak English to understand the humor. Because of this, many people have become familiar with the British sense of humor.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国人幽默的关键点是喜欢轻描淡写和开自己和他人的玩笑。
1．Why is it difficult for foreigners to understand British jokes?
A．The British often enlarge the fact.
B．British jokes are connected with many different cultures.
C．The British try to make out that something is less important than it is.
D．British jokes are not as funny as jokes in other countries.
答案：C　细节理解题。由第一段最后两句及第二段第一句可知，英国玩笑难理解是因为英国人喜欢轻描淡写地描述事情。故选C。
2．The author explains understatement by ________.
A．using examples B．making comparisons
C．following time order D．describing a process
答案：A　推理判断题。由第二段中的“For example”可推断出作者通过举例来解释“有保留的陈述”。故选A。
3．Mr Bean makes people laugh by ________.
A．telling funny stories
B．making jokes about others' accents
C．copying how others behave
D．using his body movement and facial expressions
答案：D　细节理解题。由最后一段第二句“Mr Bean doesn't talk often, and instead he uses his body movement and facial expressions to make people laugh.”可知，憨豆先生使用自己的身体活动和面部表情让人们笑。故选D。
4．What can be the best title for the text?
A．British Humor in Comedy
B．Humor in Different Cultures
C．Developing Your Sense of Humor
D．Understanding British Humor
答案：D　标题判断题。由第一段最后一句“The main point to remember is that the British often use understatement.”和第三段第一句“Another key to understanding British humor is that the British like to make fun of themselves as well as others.”可知，这篇短文主要介绍了理解英国人幽默的两个关键点——喜欢轻描淡写和开自己和他人的玩笑。故选D。
B

There are some differences between American English and British English. Some differences are quite interesting.
When my friend Lily from London used the word “larder”， I didn't know what it meant. Realizing I didn't follow her, she used another word. I finally knew she wanted to find something to keep some food. The next word came up when we were planning a lunch date. She jotted_down the date and time in her diary, while I marked my calendar. If she called me on the phone, she would ring me up. But if the line was busy, she would say the line was engaged.
Most times, I can know what Lily means. Last week, she regretted sending her boys to watch an early morning tennis game without their fleeces. I thought that she meant without their jackets or something like those. Other times, we have to ask each other. She recently told me a funny tale about a woman who was pissed. I wondered what had made the lady angry. It turns out that pissed means drunk.
Here is one more example. My British friend Jane was filling out a ticket at the grocery store recently. She asked the young man if he had a rubber. When she noticed he didn't follow her, she quickly asked for an eraser, which, in England, is often called a rubber.
In order to communicate well with the British, we Americans should learn some words that the British use differently. And I think people who learn English as a second language should also realize that there are differences between American English and British English.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。作者通过生活中的一些例子告诉我们英式英语和美式英语在用词上的一些差异。
5．When Lily used the word “larder”， she was probably looking for a ________.
A．cup B．ladder
C．cupboard D．cooker
答案：C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I finally knew she wanted to find something to keep some food.”可知，Lily在寻找一个可以储存食物的东西，cupboard “橱柜”，符合题意。
6．What does the underlined phrase “jotted down” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Wrote down. B．Left behind.
C．Looked for. D．Settled down.
答案：A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“in her diary”以及“while I marked my calendar”可知，Lily把日期和时间记在了日记本上。write down “记下，写下”。
7．Last week, Lily regretted sending her boys to watch a tennis game mainly because ________.
A．she thought the game was boring
B．she wanted to spend time with her boys
C．she didn't dress her boys in thick clothes
D．her boys got lost
答案：C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“an early morning tennis game”和“I thought that she meant without their jackets or something like those.”可推断，Lily后悔送她的孩子们去看网球比赛是因为她没给孩子们穿厚一点的衣服。
8．What is the passage mainly about?
A．The British way of using words.
B．Some new words the writer's British friends taught her.
C．The reasons why Americans can't follow the British at times.
D．Some words used differently in British English and American English.
答案：D　主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了英式英语和美式英语在用词上的一些差异。故选D。
Ⅱ　读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
In 1974, after filling out fifty applications, going through four interviews, and winning one offer, I look what I could get—a teaching job at what I considered a distant wild area: western New Jersey. My characteristic optimism was alive only when I reminded myself that I would be doing what I had wanted to do since I was fourteen—to be an_English_teacher.
School started, but I felt more and more as if I were in a foreign country. Was this rural area really New Jersey? But, still, I was teaching English. I worked hard, taking time off only to eat and sleep. And then there was my sixth－grade class—seventeen boys and five girls who were only six years younger than me. I had a problem long before I knew it. I was struggling in my work as a young idealistic teacher. I wanted to make literature come alive and to promote a love of the written word while the students wanted to throw spitballs and whisper dirty words in the back of the room.
In college I had been taught that a successful educator should ignore bad_behavior. So I did, confident that, as the textbook had said, the bad behavior would disappear as I gave my students positive attention. It sounds reasonable, but the text evidently ignored the fact that humans, particularly teenagers, rarely seem reasonable. By the time my_boss,_who was also my taskmaster known to be the strictest, most demanding,_most quick to fire inexperienced teachers, came into the classroom to observe me, the_students exhibited very little good behavior to praise.
My boss sat in the back of the room. The boys in the class were making animal noises, hitting each other while the girls filed their nails or read magazines. I just pretended it all wasn't happening, and went on lecturing and tried to ask some inspiring questions. My boss, sitting in the back of the room, seemed to be growing bigger and bigger. After twenty minutes he left, silently. Visions of unemployment marched before my eyes. After class, I went to his office.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
He was sitting in his chair, and he looked at me long and hard. 　

Paragraph 2：
As the year progressed, we spent many hours discussing literature and ideas about human beings and their motivations. 　

写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者作为刚开始工作的老师，充满了理想主义。面对淘气的学生却不予施教。校长在观察作者的上课模式后，默默离去，似乎并不满意。课后，作者来到校长办公室，准备接受这位严厉校长的指示。
[精彩范文]
Paragraph 1：
He was sitting in his chair, and he looked at me long and hard. I said nothing. All I could think of was that I was not an_English_teacher. He said simply, without accusation, “You had nothing to say to them. No wonder they're bored. Why not get to the meal of the literature and stop talking about symbolism. Talk with them, not at them. And more important, why do you ignore their bad_behavior？” We talked. He named my problems and offered solutions. We role played. He was the bad student, and I was the forceful, yet, warm, teacher.
Paragraph 2：
As the year progressed, we spent many hours discussing literature and ideas about human beings and their motivations. He helped me identify my weaknesses and my strengths. In short, he made a teacher of me by teaching me the reality of Emerson's words: “The secret to education lies in respecting the pupil.” Fifteen years later I still drive that same winding road to the same school.

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