公开课—非谓语动词.pptx

1.to do 2.-ing 3.done1.Alice returned from the managers office,telling me that the boss wanted to see me at once.2.The news conference,to be held in that hall,has already been crowded with reporters.3.Having reached the very peak of the Everest,the climbers cheered against the fierce north wind.4.He keeps buying expensive maps.He must have more than 200 by now.5.I heard the girl singing in the classroom.6.The man talking with my father is Mr.Wang.7.As soon as she entered the room,the girl caught sight of the flowers bought by her mother.找出下列句子中的非谓语动词（含短语）找出下列句子中的非谓语动词（含短语）1.非谓语动词的七大经典原则非谓语动词的七大经典原则 2.非谓语动词解题四大步骤非谓语动词解题四大步骤一一.非谓语动词的非谓语动词的 七大经典原则七大经典原则原则一：用作目的状语，原则一：用作目的状语，原则二：用作伴随状语，原则二：用作伴随状语，原则三：用作结果状语，原则三：用作结果状语，原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作 之前时，之前时，原则七：用于名词后作定语时，原则七：用于名词后作定语时，原则一：用作目的状语，原则上用不定式原则一：用作目的状语，原则上用不定式.原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上用原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上用-ing.原则三：用作结果状语，可用原则三：用作结果状语，可用-ing/to do,原则区别是：原则区别是：-ing 表示一定逻辑的结果，表示一定逻辑的结果，to do 表示非逻辑的结果。表示非逻辑的结果。原则四：凡是有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。原则四：凡是有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。如果动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动形式；如果动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动形式；如果动作正在进行，则用如果动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动形式。的被动形式。原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，原则上其逻辑原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，原则上其逻辑主语应与主句主语保持一致。主语应与主句主语保持一致。原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，原则上原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，原则上要用完成式（要用完成式（-ing 的完成式或不定式的完成式）的完成式或不定式的完成式）原则七：用于名词后作定语，原则是：不定式表示动作原则七：用于名词后作定语，原则是：不定式表示动作尚未发生尚未发生；-ing表示动作表示动作正在进行正在进行：过去分词表示：过去分词表示动作完成，被动动作完成，被动。原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式1.1.WhenaskedwhyhewentthereWhenaskedwhyhewentthere，hesaidhewassenthesaidhewassentthere_foraspaceflight.there_foraspaceflight.（20072007江西卷）A.trainingB.beingtrainedA.trainingB.beingtrainedC.tohavetrainedD.tobetrainedC.tohavetrainedD.tobetrained2._thiscake2._thiscake，youllneed2eggsyoullneed2eggs，175gsugarand175gsugarand175gflour.175gflour.（20062006广东卷）A.HavingmadeB.MakeC.TomakeD.MakingA.HavingmadeB.MakeC.TomakeD.Making 3.Asthelightturnedgreen3.Asthelightturnedgreen，IstoodforamomentIstoodforamoment，notnot_，andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.(2007(2007湖南卷湖南卷)A.movedB.movingC.tomoveD.BeingmovedA.movedB.movingC.tomoveD.Beingmoved4.Hesat_toher_thestairs.4.Hesat_toher_thestairs.A.tolisten;toclimbB.listening;toclimbA.tolisten;toclimbB.listening;toclimbC.listening;climbD.listening;toclimbingC.listening;climbD.listening;toclimbing 原则二：原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用用作伴随状语，原则上要用-ing.-ing.listentodo/doinglistentodo/doinginging形式作伴随状语与形式作伴随状语与todotodo作目的状语区别：作目的状语区别：inging形式与谓语动词的动作形式与谓语动词的动作同时发生同时发生且前面且前面有逗号有逗号;不定式动作要比谓语动词的动作不定式动作要比谓语动词的动作后发生后发生且且前面无逗号前面无逗号。1.Writetotheeditor,_thattheeditorwouldbeabletohelpher（hope）2.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstoppedthere_onabigrock(rest)3.Thesecretaryworkedlateintonight,_alongspeech.(prepare)4._warm,weshutallthewindows.(keep)preparingto resthopingTo keep,原则三：用作结果状语时，可用原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing-ing或不定式，其区别是：或不定式，其区别是：-ing-ing，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中。，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中。todotodo用作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。用作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。5.Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenones5.Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentranceattheentrance，_inthenaturallightduringtheday._inthenaturallightduringtheday.（20072007天津卷）天津卷）A.toletB.lettingC.letD.havingletA.toletB.lettingC.letD.havinglet eg.Itrainedheavilyeg.Itrainedheavily，causingseverefloodinginthatplace.causingseverefloodinginthatplace.6 6.Hehurriedtothestation,only_thatthetrain.Hehurriedtothestation,only_thatthetrainhadleft.(2005hadleft.(2005广东卷广东卷)A.tofindB.findingC.foundD.tohavefoundA.tofindB.findingC.foundD.tohavefound原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。但是，如果所涉及的动作但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用，则用不定式的被动如果所涉及的动作如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用，则用-ing-ing的被动.7.ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatI7.ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle_.hadtostruggle_.（20072007浙江卷）浙江卷）A.tobeheardB.tohaveheardA.tobeheardB.tohaveheardC.hearingD.beingheardC.hearingD.beingheard【解析】根据句意，此处指的是【解析】根据句意，此处指的是“被听见被听见”，故要用被动式，因此，故要用被动式，因此 可排除可排除BB和和CC。另外，由于。另外，由于“设法被听见设法被听见”为目的状语，动作在为目的状语，动作在 当时尚未发生，故用不定式，即选当时尚未发生，故用不定式，即选AA。9.When she came in,she was surprised to find a stranger _ at the back of the classroom with his eyes_upon her.A.seating;fixing B.to seat;fixing C.having seated;fixed D.seated;fixed8.At the beginning of class,the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom.A.opened and closed B.to be opened and closedC.being opened and closed D.to open and closeof a stranger his eyessittingseat vt.=I was seated.I seated myself.=I sat down原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致主句主语保持一致.10.Faced with a bill for$10,000，_.（2006陕西卷）陕西卷）A.John has taken an extra job B.the boss has given John an extra job C.an extra job has been taken D.an extra job has been given to John 11.While watching television，_.（2005全国卷全国卷III）A.the door bell rang B.the doorbell rings C.we heard the doorbell ring D.we heard the doorbell ringswatchingfaced with原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式（根据情况可用不定式的完成式或（根据情况可用不定式的完成式或ing的完成式）的完成式）12._ from other continents for millions of years，Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other countries in the world.（2005湖北卷）湖北卷）A.Being separated B.Having separatedC.Having been separated D.to be separated 【解析】因为【解析】因为 Australia 与与 separate 是被动关系，且是被动关系，且 separate 发生在谓语动词发生在谓语动词 has 之前，所以用之前，所以用-ing的完成被动式作原因状语。的完成被动式作原因状语。13.The manager，_ it clear to us that he didnt agree with us，left the meeting room.（2005江西卷）江西卷）A.who has made B.having made C.made D.makinglefthas14.Li Ming is said _ abroad.Do you know what country Yes,In London.A.to have studied B.to study C.to be studying D.to have been studyinghe studied in?he will study in?he studies in?CABisSb is said to do 据说原则七：用于名词后作定语时，原则是：原则七：用于名词后作定语时，原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生用不定式，表示动作尚未发生;用用-ing-ing，表示动作正在进行，表示动作正在进行;用过去分词，表示动作被动、完成。用过去分词，表示动作被动、完成。15.There will be more than three hundred scientists attending the meeting _ the day after tomorrow.A.hold B.holding C.held D.to be held 16.There are hundreds of visitors _ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Goghs paintings.（2006上海卷）上海卷）A.waited B.to wait C.waiting D.wait the meeting the day after tomorrowvisitors17.“Things _ never come again!”I couldnt help talking to myself.（2007湖南卷）湖南卷）A.lost B.losing C.to lost D.have lost 18.The last one _ pays the meal.Agreed!（2007全国全国I）A.arrived B.arrives C.to arrive D.arriving ThingsThe last onelose vt.lose sb/sth二.非谓语动词解题四大步骤（一）分析句子结构（一）分析句子结构,辨别辨别“谓与非谓谓与非谓”1._many times,but he still couldnt understand it.2._many times,he still couldnt understand it.A.Having been told B.Being told C.He had been told D.Though he was toldC_A3.It _ a hot day,wed better go swimming.4._ a rainy day;we decided not to go there.A.is B.to be C.beingD.It being E.It was F.beenCE注意标点符号注意标点符号 非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其其逻辑上的动作执行者逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做就叫做逻辑主语逻辑主语。（二）找逻辑主语（二）找逻辑主语1.Walking along the street one day,she saw a little girl running up to her.2.She is reading a book found on the way.3.Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa.A.to take B.taking C.to be taken D.takenD BEverythingthey1._ everything into consideration,they ought to have another chance.2.Everything _into consideration,they ought to have another chance.（三）分析语态（三）分析语态分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动主动还是还是被动被动关系。关系。1.“You cant catch me!”Jane shouted,_ away.A.run B.running C.to run D.ran 2._ in the mountains for a week,the two students were finally saved by the local police.A.Having lost B.Lost C.Being lost D.LosingJane the two students（四）（四）分析时态分析时态1.The building _now will be a restaurant.2.The building _ next year will be a restaurant.3.The building _last year is a restaurant.A.having been built B.to be built C.being built D.built _C_B_D二二.找逻辑主语找逻辑主语三、分析语态三、分析语态四、分析时态四、分析时态一一.辨别辨别“谓与非谓谓与非谓”非谓语动词解题步骤非谓语动词解题步骤方法总结：方法总结：谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态