2019_2020学年新教材高中英语Unit5IntothewildPeriod1课时作业一外研版必修第一册.doc

Period 1　Starting out & Understanding ideas
课时作业(一)
[基础训练]
Ⅰ　单词拼写
1．We are currently ________ (寻求) new ways of expanding our membership.
答案：seeking
2．Where would be the best ________ (位置) for the lights.
答案：position
3．Share prices ________ (暴跌) to an all­time low yesterday.
答案：crashed
4．The building was completely ________ (摧毁) by fire.
答案：destroyed
5．We can ________ (测量) the energy that food provides in calories.
答案：measure
Ⅱ　单句语法填空
1．Of all the stars, the sun is the ________ (close) to the earth.
答案：closest　由句子中表示比较范围的“Of all the stars”可知，应用形容词的最高级。
2．She spends the day rushing from one meeting to ________.
答案：another　from one ... to another ... 为常用表达，意为“从一……到另一……”。
3．He ________ (eventual) escaped and made his way back to England.
答案：eventually　eventually为副词，意为“最后”。
4．The ________ (hard) you study at your English, the greater progress you'll make.
答案：harder　“The＋比较级，the＋比较级”为常见的句型结构，意为“越……，越……”。
5．Thousands were forced to ________ (migration) from rural to urban areas in search of work.
答案：migrate　不定式符号to后应用动词形式，migrate “迁居”，符合题意。
6．Aspirin is a simple but highly ________ (effect) treatment.
答案：effective　treatment为名词，其前需用形容词修饰，effective表示“有效的”，符合句意。
7．There are no simple solutions ________ the problem of overpopulation.
答案：to　solution to “……的解决办法”。
8．Yuri shows great ________ (determine) to learn English well.
答案：determination　由设空前的great可知，此处应用名词。
9．It's ________ (amaze) how quickly people adapt.
答案：amazing　此处需填形容词，且表示“令人惊奇的”，故填amazing。
10．In that case he didn't determine ________ to do and where to go.
答案：what　本句中所填词作do的宾语，表示“什么”，故填疑问代词what。
[思维训练]
Ⅰ　完形填空
I saw my first butterfly of spring today. I was __1__ some food and other things into my house when suddenly the little lady __2__ right down in front of my face. __3__ stayed there for a long time, gently dancing in the air. She was so beautiful that my eyes became __4__ with tears and my heart __5__ with love. Then she left for some delicious flowers growing in my garden. I smiled, wiped my __6__， and thanked God for the wonder of life.
Butterflies have held a __7__ place in my heart since I lost my mother who died of cancer when she was __8__ 55 years old. She __9__ to love the butterflies. And they would land near her while she worked in the __10__. She would even speak to them __11__ her musical voice. After she died I would __12__ her whenever I saw one of those gentle angels flying by. I even told my young children that every time they saw a __13__ dancing in the gentle wind, it was their grandmother saying “Hello” from __14__.
When today's butterfly dropped in to say “__15__”， I once again felt a joy __16__ words. I felt like I was dancing on the clouds with my mother __17__ a thousand angels were singing.
Someone may say that I am __18__ myself, but I know this isn't so. Cheating doesn't fill your heart with __19__. The next time you get your own “Hello” from heaven, just welcome it into your heart and __20__ it help you to be the loving person that God wants you to be.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。一只蝴蝶的出现，让作者想起了自己已经去世的母亲，作者把蝴蝶的飞舞理解为天堂的母亲对自己的问候。
1．A.throwing B．carrying
C．packing D．buying
答案：B　结合下文“some food and other things into my house”和选项可知，“我”是在将一些食物和其他东西搬到(carrying)屋子里，故答案为B。
2．A.flew B．ran
C．jumped D．climbed
答案：A　由上文“I saw my first butterfly”可知，“我”看到了第一只蝴蝶，the little lady是指那只蝴蝶，此处指这只蝴蝶飞下来(flew)，停在了“我”的眼前，故答案为A。
3．A.I B．It
C．She D．He
答案：C　根据前文“the little lady”可知，作者把那只蝴蝶称之为女士，故答案为C。
4．A.filled B．buried
C．crowded D．covered
答案：A　由第二段中的“She __9__ to love the butterflies.”和“After she died ... flying by.”可知，作者是睹物思人，看到蝴蝶想起了已故的母亲，所以作者的眼中充满了(filled)泪水，故答案为A。
5．A.knocked B．shocked
C．beat D．hit
答案：C　根据上文可知，此处表达的意思是睹物思人，看到蝴蝶后的另一个表现：因爱而心跳(beat)起来，故答案为C。
6．A.hand B．face
C．mouth D．eyes
答案：D　根据前文“my eyes became __4__ with tears”可知，作者擦了擦眼睛(eyes)，感谢上帝给予生活的奇遇，故答案为D。
7．A.reliable B．grateful
C．official D．special
答案：D　结合下文“since I lost my mother who died of cancer when she was __8__ 55 years old. She __9__ to love the butterflies”可知，由于母亲的喜欢，蝴蝶在作者心中有特殊的(special)位置。故答案为D。
8．A.already B．only
C．even D．still
答案：B　根据“since I lost my mother who died of cancer when she was __8__ 55 years old”可知，母亲仅仅(only)55岁就患癌症去世，故答案为B。
9．A.used B．devoted
C．turned D．determined
答案：A　由上文“I lost my mother who died of cancer”可知，母亲已经去世了，所以此处指母亲曾经(used to)喜爱蝴蝶，故答案为A。
10．A.garden B．kitchen
C．factory D．library
答案：A　根据前文“Then she left for some delicious flowers growing in my garden.”以及本句中的“she worked in the __10__”可知，此处应是在花园里(garden)，故答案为A。
11．A.by B．in
C．at D．with
答案：B　根据下文“her musical voice”可知，作者要表达的是母亲用音乐般的声音与蝴蝶交谈，“用……嗓音”用介词in，故答案为B。
12．A.visit B．request
C．miss D．upset
答案：C　母亲去世后，不论何时“我”看到蝴蝶飞过都会思念(miss)她，故答案为C。
13．A.girl B．bee
C．bird D．butterfly
答案：D　承接上文叙述可知，此处指看到蝴蝶(butterfly)在风中跳舞，故答案为D。
14．A.dream B．home
C．nature D．heaven
答案：D　表述是去世的祖母来自天堂(heaven)的问候，故答案为D。
15．A.Hello B．Goodbye
C．Thanks D．Sorry
答案：A　根据上文“it was their grandmother saying ‘Hello’ from”可知，当这次蝴蝶来访并致以问候(hello)的时候，故答案为A。
16．A.behind B．beyond
C．beside D．between
答案：B　由下文“I felt like I was dancing on the clouds with my mother __17__ a thousand angels were singing.”可知，作者要表达的是再次感受到了一种无以言表(beyond words)的喜悦，故答案为B。
17．A.because B．though
C．while D．unless
答案：C　“我”感觉好像在云端跟妈妈一起跳舞，还有一千个天使在唱歌，表示“同时”用while，故答案为C。
18．A.begging B．cheating
C．persuading D．expressing
答案：B　根据下文“Cheating doesn't fill your heart”可知，作者觉得别人都会认为她只是在欺骗(cheating)自己，故答案为B。
19．A.sadness B．happiness
C．concern D．violence
答案：B　由常识可知，欺骗并不能让一个人满心幸福(happiness)，故答案为B。
20．A.keep B．get
C．allow D．let
答案：D　此处指让它帮助你成为你想成为的充满爱的那个人，let sb. do sth.，故答案为D。
Ⅱ　阅读理解
A five­year­old dog named Kelsey has been praised as a hero for helping to save the life of her owner who slipped in the snow and broke his neck.

The man, Bob, was alone when he left his Michigan farmhouse on New Year's Eve to collect firewood. Expecting a journey of only several meters, Bob was wearing just long johns (衬裤), a shirt and slippers when he went outside, although the temperature was around －4 ℃.
After the accident, he was unable to move in the snow. Fortunately, Kelsey came to his assistance.
“I was shouting for help, but my nearest neighbor is about 400 meters away, and it was 10：30 pm，” Bob explained. But my Kelsey came. By the next morning, my voice was gone and I couldn't yell for help, but Kelsey didn't stop barking.
Kelsey's companion kept him warm by lying on top of him. She licked his face and hands to keep him awake. “Kelsey kept barking but never left my side，” Bob recalled. “She kept me warm. I knew I couldn't give up and that it was my choice to stay alive.”
Bob spent 20 hours in the freezing cold. When he finally lost consciousness, his dog kept barking. Finally, hearing the barking, Bob's neighbor discovered him at 6：30 pm on New Year's Day and called the emergency services at once. When Bob arrived in hospital, his body temperature was below 21℃. However, doctors were surprised to find that he didn't have any frostbite (冻疮). They believed it was because of Kelsey's determination to keep him warm. Dr Chaim Colen, the doctor who treated Bob, said, “Animals can help and his dog really saved him ... He was very fortunate.”
Bob said he was “enormously” grateful to both Dr Colen and his Kelsey. “They saved my life. They are truly heroes！”
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一只名叫Kelsey的5岁小狗帮助在雪中滑倒摔断了脖子的主人，挽救了主人的生命而被誉为英雄。
1．What happened to Bob on New Year's Eve?
A．He left his dog alone in his farmhouse.
B．He was praised for saving a dog owner.
C．He broke his neck and couldn't move.
D．He heard his neighbor's shouting for help.
答案：C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“... to save the life of her owner who slipped in the snow and broke his neck”可知，Bob摔断了脖子；从第三段第一句“After the accident, he was unable to move in the snow.”可知，事故发生后，他在雪中不能动，故选C。
2．Why did Kelsey keep barking?
A．To keep warm.
B．To stay alive.
C．To keep Bob awake.
D．To seek help from others.
答案：D　细节理解题。根据第六段第二、三句“When he finally lost consciousness, his dog kept barking. Finally, hearing the barking, Bob's neighbor discovered him at 6：30 pm on New Year's Day and called the emergency services at once.”可知，当他最终失去知觉时，他的狗仍在不停地叫。最后，Bob的邻居听到了狗叫，于新年那天下午六点半发现了他，并且立刻给急救部门打了电话。因此可知，狗一直叫是为了向他人求助，故选D。
3．How does Dr Chaim Colen feel about Kelsey?
A．Helpful. B．Fortunate.
C．Grateful. D．Friendly.
答案：A　推理判断题。根据第六段中的“They believed it was because of Kelsey's determination to keep him warm. Dr Chaim Colen, the doctor who treated Bob, said, ‘Animals can help and his dog really saved him ...’”可知，Dr Chaim Colen认为Kelsey在救助她的主人的过程中起了关键作用，帮助很大，故选A。
4．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．A Neck­breaking Accident
B．The Magic Night
C．Warmth on a Winter's Night
D．Determination to Keep Alive
答案：C　标题判断题。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了一只名叫Kelsey的5岁小狗帮助在雪中滑倒并摔断了脖子的主人，在寒冷的除夕夜为主人取暖，挽救了主人的生命的故事，所以C项作文章标题贴切且准确，故选C。
Ⅲ　七选五
(2017·北京高考)Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month.__1__
One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. __2__ We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.
Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons (神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day. __3__
Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. __4__ The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.
If Tononi's theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night's sleep, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information—our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.
Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. __5__ “You keep what matters，” Tononi says.
A．We should also try to sleep well the night before.
B．It's as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.
C．Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.
D．The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.
E．That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.
F．“Sleep is the price we pay for learning，” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.
G．Tononi's team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究发现睡眠可以让记忆变得更好。
1．C　首句指出每种动物都要睡觉，但原因仍然是个谜。接下来是具体例证，如实验室的老鼠被剥夺了睡眠，一个月内就会死亡，同样，人类如果连续几天不睡觉，就会生病。故选C。
2．E　该段首句提出了第一个假设，睡眠帮助我们巩固新的记忆。与这个论点相呼应的例子是E项，该项中的that指代的就是前面的假设，也就是说，这个假设能够解释为什么学生在学习完如果有机会睡一觉，他们会在考试中发挥更好。
3．F　由下段首句中的代词he可知，该空中必然包含一个人名，否则he就失去了所指对象，浏览各选项，可锁定F项和G项，但只有F项能与本段的内容衔接，也就是说，睡眠会帮助清除记忆，为新记忆腾出空间。按照研究人员Tononi的说法，“睡眠是我们为学习付出的代价”。
4．G　该段首句说“现在我们有最直接的证据证明他的假设是对的”，那接下来应该是具体描述该证据。此外，该空后面一句话解释了实验的结果和意义。综合看来，只有G项符合语境，指出了研究团队、实验对象及实验内容。
5．B　由最后一段第二句及空格后的“you keep what matters” (你记住要紧的事情)可知B项“这就好像是大脑在保存最重要的记忆”，符合语境。

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