职称英语等级考试模拟题a3.doc

职称英语等级考试模拟题a3

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职称英语等级考试模拟题（理工类A级）

第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)
　　下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1. The government is debating the education laws.
A. discussing B. defeating C. delaying D. declining
2. They had a far better yield than any other farm miles away around this year.
A. goods B. soil C. climate D. harvest
3. The city has decided to do away with all the old buildings in its center.
A. get rid of B. set up C. repair D. paint
4. During the past ten years there have been dramatic changes in the international situation.
A. permanent B. powerful C. striking D. practical
5. Since the Great Depression，the United States government has protected farmers from damaging drops in grain prices.
A. slight B. surprising C. sudden D. harmful
6. Cement was seldom used in building the Middle Ages.
A. crudely B. rarely C. originally D. occasionally
7. There is an abundant supply of cheap labor in this country.
A. a steady B. a plentiful C. an extra D. a stable
8. The most crucial problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources.
A. puzzling B. difficult C. terrifying D. urgent
9. He made an immense amount of money in business.
A. large B. small C. limited D. little
10. T he substance can be added to gasoline to accelerate the speed of automobiles.
A. quicken B. shorten C. loosen D. enlarge
11. The room was furnished with the simplest essentials，a bed，a chair，and a table.
A. supplied B. gathered C. grasped D. made
12. The local government decided to merge the two firms into a big one.
A. motivate B. combine C. compact D. nominate
13. He emphasized a feasible plan which can be accepted by the both sides.
A. favorable B. possible C.formal D. genuine
14. When does the next train depart？
A. pull up B. pull down C. pull out D. pull in
15. Because administering the whole company, he sometimes has to work around the clock.
A. adjusting B. evaluating C. engaging D. managing

第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
Image Martian Dust Particles
NASA’s Phoenix Mars Lander has taken its first-ever picture of a single particle of rusty Martian dust with one of its microscopes. The dust particles of dust were shown at a higher magnification than anything outside of Earth that has been imaged before. The rounded particle measured only about one micrometer, or one millionth of a meter, across.
“Taking this image required the highest resolution microscope operated off Earth and a specially designed device to hold the Martian dust,” said Tom Pike, a Phoenix science team member from Imperial College London. “We always knew it was going to be technically very challenging to image particles this small.”
The device that imaged the dust speck is called an atomic force microscope, which maps the shape of particles in three dimensions by scanning them with a sharp tip at the end of a spring. The atomic force microscope can detail the shapes of particles as small as about 100 nanometers. And this won’t be the last dust particle that Phoenix will image. “After this first success, we're now working on building up a portrait gallery of the dust on Mars,” Pike said.
Dust exists everywhere on Mars, coating the surface and giving it its rusty red color. Dust particles also color the Martian sky pink and feed storms that regularly envelope the planet. The ultra-fine dust is the medium that actively links gases in the Martian atmosphere to processes in Martian soil, so it is critically important to understanding Mars’ environment, the researchers said.
The $420-million Phoenix mission is analyzing the dust and subsurface ice layers of Mars’ arctic regions to look for signs of potential past habitability. The particle seen in the atomic force microscope image was part of a sample scooped by the robotic arm from the "Snow White" trench and delivered to Phoenix’s microscope station in early July.

16. The dust particle on Mars is the smallest particle that has been imaged outside of Earth.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
17. Using the same technology, we have also measured the size of particles on the moon and Jupiter.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
18. Scientists use the highest resolution microscope to watch and record the image of Martian particles on earth.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
19. Tom Pike said that they used to think it was no easy job to image such small particles.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
20. An electronic device has been developed to measure the weight of certain Martian rocks.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
21. After collecting the last Martian dust particle, the scientists have started to build up a portrait gallery of it.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
22. The Phoenix’s robotic arm collected the Martian dust particles for analysis on Mars.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第3～6段每段选择1个最佳标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

The Magic Io Personal Digital Pen
Check out the io Personal Digital Pen launched by Logitech: It’s a magic pen that can store everything you write and transfer it to your computer. And you don’t have to lug a hand-held device along with you for it to work.
Logitech’s technology works like this: The pen writes normally, using normal ballpoint pen ink. But while you are writing, a tiny camera inside the pen is also taking 100 snapshots per second of what you are doing, mapping your writing via a patchwork of minute dots printed on the paper. All this information－the movement of your pen on the paper，basically—is then stored digitally inside the pen, whether you are writing notes or drawing complex diagrams. You can store up to 40 pages worth of doodles in the pen’s memory. As far as you are concerned, you are just using a normal pen.
It is only when you drop the pen into its PC-connected cradle that the fun begins. Special software on your PC will figure out what you have done, and begin to download any documents you have written since the last time it was there. Depending on whether you have ticked certain boxes on the special notepad, it can also tell whether the document is destined to be an e-mail, a “to do” task, or a diagram to be inserted into a word-processing document. Once the documents are downlonded you can view them, print them out or convert them to other formats.
The io Personal Digital Pen is a neat and simple solution to the problem of storing, sharing and retrieving handwritten notes, as well as for handling diagrams, pictures and other non-text doodling. You don’t have to carry a laptop along with you. All you have to do is just whip out the pen and the special paper and you are off.
It is a great product because it does not force you to work differently－walking around with a screen strapped to your arm, or carrying with you extra bits and pieces. The pen is light and works like a normal pen if you need it to, while the special notepads look and feel like notepads. The only strange looks will be from people who are curious why you are writing with a cigar.
The io Personal Digital Pen also has potential elsewhere. FedEx, for example, is introducing a version of the pen so that cutomers can fill out forms by hand－instead of punching letters into cumbersome devices. Once that data is digital more or less anything can be done with it－transferring it wirelessly to a central computer, for example, or via a hand-phone. Doctors could transmit their prescriptions direct to pharmacies, reducing fraud; policemen could send their reports back to the station, reducing paperwork.

23. Paragraph 2
24. Paragraph 3
25. Paragraph 5
26. Paragraph 6
A. A Friendly and Convenient Device
B. Ways to Download the Stored Information
C. Examples of Other Potential Applications of the Io Pen
D. Customers’ Passion for the Io Pen
E. FedEx the First User of the Io Pen
F. Working Principle of the Io Personal Digital Pen
27. There is no need to learn how to use the io Personal Digital Pen because .
28. If you want to download what you have done with the magic pen, .
29.The magic pen is particularly convenient when you work away from home or office because .
30. No matter what you write or draw, .
A. you don’t have to carry your laptop along
B. the information will be shown digitally on the pen
C. FedEx has special software to store your information
D. it works like an ordinary pen
E. you simply place the pen into its computer-connected cradle
F. the movement of your pen is recorded digitally inside the pen

第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)
　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇
Sleep Lets Brain File Memories
To sleep. Perchance to file? Findings published online this week by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences further support the theory that the brain organizes and stows memories formed during the day while the rest of the body is catching zzz’s.
Gyorgy Buzsaki of Rutgers University and his colleagues analyzed the brain waves of sleeping rats and mice. Specifically, they examined the electrical activity emanating from6 the somatosensory neocortex (an area that processes sensory information) and the hippocampus, which is a center for learning and memory. The scientists found that oscillations in brain waves from the two regions appear to be intertwined. So-called sleep spindles (bursts of activity from the neocortex) were followed tens of milliseconds later by beats in the hippocampus known as ripples. The team posits that this interplay between the two brain regions is a key step in memory consolidation. A second study, also published online this week by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, links age-associated memory decline to high glucose levels.
Previous research had shown that individuals with diabetes suffer from increased memory problems. In the new work, Antonio Convit of New York University School of Medicine and his collaborators studied 30 people whose average age was 69 to investigate whether sugar levels, which tend to increase with age, affect memory in healthy people as well. The scientists administered recall tests, brain scans and glucose tolerance tests, which measure how quickly sugar is absorbed from the blood by the body’s tissues. Subjects with the poorest memory recollection, the team discovered, also displayed the poorest glucose tolerance. In addition, their brain scans showed more hippocampus shrinkage than those of subjects better able to absorb blood sugar.
“Our study suggests that this impairment may contribute to the memory deficits that occur as people age.” Convit says. “And it raises the intriguing possibility that improving glucose tolerance could reverse some age-associated problems in cognition.” Exercise and weight control can help keep glucose levels in check, so there may be one more reason to go to the gym.

31. Which of the following statements is nearest in meaning to the sentence “To sleep. Perchance to file?”?
A. Does brain arrange memories in useful order during sleep?
B. Does brain have memories when one is sleeping?
C. Does brain remember files after one falls asleep?
D. Does brain work on files in sleep?
32. What is the result of the experiment with rats and mice carried out at Rutgers University?
A. The electrical activity is emanating from the somatosensory neocortex.
B. Oscillations in brain waves are from hippocampus.
C. Somatosensory neocortex and hippocampus work together in memory consolidation.
D. Somatosensory neocortex plays it primary role in memory consolidation.
33. What is the relation of memory to glucose tolerance, as is indicated by a research mentioned in paragraph 4?
A. People with poor memory have high glucose tolerance.
B. People with good memory have low glucose tolerance.
C. Memory level has nothing to do with glucose tolerance.
D. The poorer the memory, the poorer glucose tolerance.
34. In what way is memory related to hippocampus shrinkage?
A. There is no relation between memory and hippocampus shrinkage.
B. The more hippocampus shrinks, the poorer one’s memory.
C. The more hippocampus shrinks, the better one’s memory.
D. The less hippocampus shrinks, the poorer one’s memory.
35. According to the last paragraph, what is the ultimate reason for going to the gym?
A. To prevent hippocampus shrinkage.
B. To control weight.
C. To exercise.
D. To control glucose levels.

第二篇
Driven to Distraction
Joe Coyne slides into the driver’s seat, starts up the car and heads to town. The empty stretch of interstate gives way to urban congestion, and Coyne hits the brakes as a pedestrian suddenly crosses the street in front of him.
But even if he hadn’t stopped in time, the woman would have been safe. She isn’t real. Neither is the town. And Coyne isn’t really driving. Coyne is demonstrating a computerized driving simulator that is helping researchers at Old Dominion University (ODU) examine how in-vehicle guidance systems affect the person behind the wheel.
The researchers want to know if such systems, which give audible or written directions, are too distracting — or whether any distractions are offset by the benefits drivers get from having help finding their way in unfamiliar locations.
“We are looking at the performance and mental workload of drivers,” said Caryl Baldwin, the assistant psychology professor lending the research, which involves measuring drivers reaction time and brain activity as they respond to auditory and visual cues.
The researchers just completed a study of the mental workload involved in driving through different kinds of environments and heavy vs, light traffic. Preliminary results show that as people “get into more challenging driving situations, they don’t have any extra mental energy to respond to something else in the environment.” Baldwin said.
But the tradeoffs could be worth it, she said. The next step is to test different ways of giving drivers navigational information and how those methods change the drivers’ mental workload.
“Is it best if they see a picture…that shows their position, a map kind of display?”Baldwin said. “Is it best if they hear it?”
Navigational systems now on the market give point-by-point directions that follow a prescribed route. “They’re very unforgiving,” Baldwin said. “If you miss a turn, they can almost seem to get