职称英语等级考试试题、答案及题解综合类B级试题.doc

职称英语等级考试试题、答案及题解综合类B级试题

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职称英语等级考试试题、答案及题解综合类(B级)试题
第1部分：词汇选项 (第l～15题，每题1分，共15分)
下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所
给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的
位置上o
1 Have you talked to her lately?
A lastly B finally
C shortly D recently

2 While we don’t agree，we continue to be friends.
A Because B Where
C Although D Whatever

3 In judging our work you should take into consideration the fact that we have been Very
busy recently．
A thought B account
C mind D brain

4 You must shine your shoes．
A polish B clear
C wash D mend

5 The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accident·
A secrets B details
C benefits D words

6 I’m content with the way the campaign has gone.
A tied B satisfied
C filled D concerned

7 This table is strong and durable．
A long-lasting B extensive
C far reaching D eternal

8 He endured agonies before he finally expired．
A fired B resigned
C died D retreated

9 The girl is gazing at herself in the mirror.
A staring B laughing
C shouting D smiling

10 For urban areas this approach was wholly inadequate
A really B basically
C fundamentally D completely

11 Mary has blended the ingredients．
A mixed B made
C cooked D eaten

12 They agreed to modify．their policy．
A clarify B change
C define D develop

13 The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September．
A play B send
C show D tell

14 A notably short man，he plays basketball with his staff sever al times a week．
A practically B considerably
C remarkably D fairly

15 The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth.
A take out B repair
C push in D dig

第2部分：阅读判断 (第16—22题，每题1分，共7分)
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑：如果该句提供的是错误信息j请在
答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。
Help Your Child Become a Reader
Encouraging early reading skills Call build a path to a lifelong(终身的)love of reading and can help your child get a head start in school．While reading to your child is still the most important thing you can do to build reading skills，there are many techniques that Can help．
Make reading fun．Play games with your child as you read．Many traditional children’s
games can be adapted to encourage reading ski11s． ‘
While reading or during play, tell your child，“I spy with my little eye，something that begins with the letter b．”Help the child find something on the page or in the room that begins with that letter．For example。‘I see a barn．”This can also be used to teach beginning letter sounds．“I spy with my little eye．Something that begins with the sounds．”Help the child find a word that begins with the “s” sound．
In this variation on the popular game, instruct the child that，“Simon says，‘point to something that starts with the letter n．’”The child call then find an object in the room or a body part，such as the nose，that starts with the letter presented．This can also be used to teach beginning sounds．
Make a game out of rhyming(押韵)words by making up silly words to rhyme with the
child’s name or favorite toys．This sets the stage for rhyming real words by showing the child the similarities of sounds．As the child masters making up the words，begin rhyming real words to one another.
Tips to raise a successful reader：
Put books in places where the child plays．If books are easily accessible，children are more likely to pick them up．
Let children “read to you” by looking at pictures．Making up stories to go along with
illustrations helps children discover how words relate to pictures． ．
Take books along on trips or even short visits to the doctor’s office or grocery store．
Have children help you shop．Reading grocery lists and looking for specific items helps
build sight vocabulary．

16 A good reading habit Can help your child do well at sch001．
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

17 Computer games call be used to help children develop their reading skills
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

18 One of the useful games is to play spy．
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

19 When playing a game you should ask your child to find something starting with the letter b instead Of C．
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

20 The purpose of the rhyming games is to make preparations for children to write poems．
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

21 You Can ask your child to tell stories based on pictures．
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

22 You should take books with you when you go out with your child.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子 (第23~30题，每题1分，共8分)
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2—5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Global Warming
l Smoke is clouding Our view of global warming, protecting the planet from perhaps three-quarters of the greenhouse(温室)effect．That might sound like good news，but experts say that as the cover diminishes in coming decades，we are facing a dramatic increase of warming that could be two or even three times as great as official best guesses．
2 This was the dramatic conclusion reached last week at a workshop in Dahlem，Berlin, where top atmospheric scientists got together, including Nobel prize winner Paul Crutzen and Swedish scientist Bert Bolin，former chairman of the UN’S Intergovemmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)．
3 IPCC scientists have suspected for a decade that aerosols(浮质)of smoke and other particles from burning rainforest，crop waste and fossil fuels are blocking sunlight and counteracting the warming effect of carbon dioxide(二氧化物)emissions．Until now，they reckoned that aerosols reduced greenhouse warming by perhaps a quarter, cutting increases by 0．2。C．So the 0．6。C of warming over the past century would have been 0．8。C without aerosols．
4 But the Berlin workshop concluded that the real figure is even higher--aerosols may have reduced global warming by as much as three—quarters，cutting increases by 1．8。C．If SO，the good news is that aerosols have prevented the world getting almost two degrees warmer than it is now．But the bad news is that the climate system is much more sensitive to greenhouse gases than previously guessed．
5 As those gases are expected to continue accumulating in the atmosphere while aerosols stabilize or fall, that means“dramatic consequences for estimates of future climate change”，the scientists agreed in a draft report from the workshop．

23 Paragraph 2
24 Paragraph 3
25 Paragraph 4
26 Paragraph 5

A Atmospheric Scientists
B The Calculations Made at the Berlin Workshop
C The Previous Calculations of the Effect of Aerosols
D The Scientists’Agreement
E The Authoritative Conclusion
F Greenhouse Gases

27 When the cover diminishes in the coming decades，temperature
28 The conclusion reached at the Berlin workshop
29 The Berlin workshop concluded that the real figure
30 The increase of greenhouse gases

A will influence future climate change
B was somewhat surprising
C will rise rapidly
D was known to US all
E was much higher than had been expected
F will drop dramatically

第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，
从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇
Sleepless at Night
It was a normal summer night．Humidity(湿气)hung in the thick air．
I couldn’t go to sleep，partly because of my cold and partly because of my expectations for the next day．My mum had said that tomorrow was going to be a surprise．
Sweat stuck to my aching body．Finally, gathered enough strength to sit up．I looked out of my small window into the night．There was a big bright moon hanging in the sky, giving off a magic light．
I couldn’t stand the pressure anymore，SO I did what I always do to make myself feel better．I went to the bathroom and picked up my toothbrush and toothpaste．I cleaned my teeth as if there was no tomorrow．Back and forth，up and down．
Then I walked downstairs to look for some signs of movement，some life．Gladiator, my cat, frightened me as he meowed(喵喵地唱出)his sad song．He was on t11e old orange couch(长沙发)，sitting up on his front legs，waiting for something to happen．He looked at me as if to say I“I’m lonely, pet me．I need a good hug(紧抱)．”Even the couch begged me to sit on it．
In one movement I settled down onto the soft couch．This couch represented my parents’marriage，my birth，and hundreds of other little events．
As I held Gladiator, my heart started beating heavily．My mind was flooded with questions：What’s life? Am I really alive? Are you listening to me? Every time I moved my hand down Gladiator’s body，I had a new thought；each touch sang a different song．
I forgot all about the heat and the next day’s surprise．The atmosphere was SO full of warmth and silence that I sank into its alms．Falling asleep with the big cat in my arms，I felt all my worries slowly move away．
31 The author of the passage could not go to sleep partly because
A it was too cold．
B it was too dry．
C he had a cold．
D he had a fever

32 What was the weather like that night?
A It was chilly．
B It was windy．
C It was fine．
D It was cloudy．

33 The author brushed his teeth over and over
A to relieve himself of the pressure．
B to ease his toothache．
C to shake off the cold．
D to remove the dirt．

34 Gladiator was the name of
A a movie．
B a pet．
C a couch．
D a song．

35 What did the‘‘couch’’represent?
A A new thought．
B Different songs．
C A comfortable life．
D Happy memories．

第二篇
Ancient Egypt Brought Down by Famine
Even ancient Egypt’s mighty pyramid(金字塔)builders were powerless in the face of the
famine(饥荒)that helped bring down their civilization around 2180 B．C．．Now evidence
collected from mud deposited by the River Nile suggests that a shift in climate thousands of kilometers to the south was ultimately to blame--and the same or worse could happen today．
The ancient Egyptians depended on the Nile’s annual floods to irrigate their crops．But any change in climate that pushed the African monsoons(季风)southwards out of Ethiopia would
have reduced these floods．
Declining rains in the Ethiopian highlands would have meant fewer plants to stabilize the soil．W．1len rain did fall it would have washed large amounts of soil into the Blue Nile and into Egypt，along with sediment(沉积)from the White Nile．
Blue Nile mud has a different isotope(同位素)signature from that of the white Nile．So by analyzing isotope differences in mud deposited in the Nile Delta．Michael Krom of Leeds
University worked out what proportion of sediment came from each branch of the river．
Krom reasons that during periods of drought，the amount of Blue Nile mud in the river
would be relatively high．He found that one of these periods，from 4500 to 4200 years ago。
immediately came before the fall of the Egypt’s old Kingdom．
The weakened waters would have been disaster for the Egyptians．‘‘Changes that affect food supply don’t have to be very large to have a ripple(波浪)effect in societies，”says Bill Ryan of the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory in New York．
Similar events today could be even more devastating，says team member Daniel Stanley．a
scientist from the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D．C．“Anything humans do to shift the climate belts would have an even worse effect along the Nile system today because the
populations have increased dramatically．”

36 Why does the author mention “Egypt’s mighty pyramid builders’’?
A Because they once worked miracles．
B Because they were well—built．
C Because they were actually very weak．
D Because even they were unable to rescue their civilization．

37 Which of the following factors was ultimately responsible for bringing down the
civilization of ancient Egypt?
A Change of climate．
B Corrulption．
C flood．
D Population growth．

38 which of the following statements is true?
A The White Nile is the trunk of the River Nile．
B The White Nile is the trunk of the Blue Nile．
C The White Nile is a branch of the Blue Nile．
D The White Nile is a branch of the River Nile．

39 According to Krom，the Egypt’s o1d Kingdom fell
A immediately after a period of drought．
B immediately after a period of flood．
C just before a drought struck．
D just before a flood struck．

40 The word “devastating” in the last paragraph could be best replaced by
A “frustrating'’．
B “damaging'’．
C “defeating”．
D “worrying'’．

第三篇
Technology Transfer in Germany
When it comes to translating basic research into industrial success，few nations can match Germany．Since the 1940s，the nation’s vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and expertise from science．And though German prosperity(繁荣)has faltered(衰退)over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global economic decline，it still has an enviable(令人羡慕的)record for turning ideas into profit．
Much of the reason for that success is the Fraunhofer Society, a network of research institutes that exists solely to solve industrial problems and create sought-after technologies·But today the Fraunhofer institutes have competition．Universities are taking an ever larger role in technology transfer，and technology parks are springing up all over．These efforts are being complemented by the federal programs for pumping money into start-up companies.
Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success，but it is not without its critics. These people worry that favoring applied research will mean neglecting basic science， eventually starving industry of flesh ideas．If every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur(企业家)，the argument goes，then the traditional principles of university research being curiosity．driven：free and widely available will suffer．Others claim that many of the programs to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the small businesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years.
While this debate continues，new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germany’s research networks，which bear famous names such as Helmholtz，Max Planck and Leibniz．Yet it is the fourth network，the Fraunhofer Society，that plays the greatest role in technology transfer．
Founded in 1949, the Fraunhofer Society is now Europe’S largest organization for applied technology，and has 59 institutes employing 1 2，000 people．It continues to grow．Last year’it swallowed up the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technolo