2023版高考英语大一轮复习第2部分第2板块专题2非谓语动词练习新人教版.doc

专题二　非谓语动词
————————————◄ 对 点 训 练 ►———————————
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(高考真题改编)
1. (2023年天津卷)________(learn) to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future.
解析：句意：学会批判性地思考，这是现在的孩子未来(的开展)所需要具备的一项重要技能。空处在主句中作主语，应该用动名词形式。
答案：Learning
2. (2023年天津卷)Most colleges now offer first­year students a course specially ________(design) to help them succeed academically and personally.
解析：句意：如今，大多数大学都为一年级学生开设一门专门为他们设计的课程，以帮助他们在学业和个人开展方面取得成功。a course与design是被动关系，因此用过去分词形式。
答案：designed
3. (2023年全国卷Ⅰ)Scientists have responded by ________(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are.
解析：介词后接动词时，应用其动名词形式。respond by doing sth.意为“通过做某事回应〞。
答案：noting
4. (2023年全国卷Ⅰ)Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid­1980s，and are expensive ____________ (perform) consistently over a large area.
解析：此处是“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式〞结构，不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。
答案：to perform
5. (2023年北京卷)Earth Day, _______ (mark)on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.
解析：本句是主系表结构，由连系动词is可知，空处填非谓语动词形式。mark在这里是“庆祝，纪念(重要事件)〞之意，是及物动词，Earth Day与之是被动关系，此处的字面意思是“地球日在4月22日被庆祝〞，故用过去分词短语作定语。句意：地球日在4月22日举行，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度事件。
答案：marked
6. (2023年北京卷)For the past 20 years, I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously ________ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself〞.
解析：主语I与face之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式。现在分词短语在句中作状语。
答案：facing
7. (2023年浙江卷)But some students didn't want ________ (wear) the uniform.
解析：want to do sth.意为“想要做某事〞。
答案：to wear
8. (2023年全国卷Ⅱ)A 90­year­old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year〞 for ________ (be) Britain's oldest full­time employee—still working 40 hours a week.
解析：介词for后跟动词时，要用其动名词形式。
答案：being
9. (2023年全国卷Ⅲ)On the last day of our week­long stay，we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, _______ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
解析：分析句子结构可知，空处与and后面的现在分词meeting并列，主语we与listen之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作状语。
答案：listening
10. (2023年全国卷Ⅱ)When we got a call ________ (say) she was short­listed, we thought it was a joke.
解析：say与前面的a call之间是主动关系，故填saying。现在分词短语saying...作后置定语，修饰a call。
答案：saying
11. (2023年全国卷Ⅲ)On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ________(get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
解析：此处是It takes some time to do sth.结构，意为“花费多长时间做某事〞。
答案：to get
12. (2023年全国卷Ⅱ)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement〞 award, proud Irene declared she had no plans ________ (retire) from her 36­year­old business.
解析：此处用不定式短语作plans的后置定语，意为“她没有退休的方案〞。
答案：to retire
13. (2023年全国卷Ⅰ)You don't have to run fast or for long ________ (see) the benefit.
解析：句意：你不必跑得太快或花很长时间去看它的好处。不定式用作目的状语，故填to see。
答案：to see
14. (2023年全国卷Ⅱ)The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ________(improve) water quality.
解析：句意：为了改善水质，政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。此处表示目的，用不定式，故填to improve。
答案：to improve
15. (2023年全国卷Ⅲ)I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ________ (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel challenged.
解析：avoid doing sth.意为“防止做某事〞，是固定短语。
答案：looking
16. (2023年全国卷Ⅰ)You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ________ (die) early by running.
解析：句意：你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然可以通过跑步减少早逝的风险。此处of是介词，其后用动名词，故填dying。
答案：dying
17. (2023年全国卷Ⅲ)Once his message was delivered, he allowed me ________ (stay) and watch.
解析：allow sb.to do sth.是固定短语，意为“允许某人做某事〞。
答案：to stay
18. (2023年天津卷)I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph ________ (take)．
解析：句意：我需要一个新护照，因此我需要照张相片。宾语my photograph与take为被动关系，且表示让他人去做这件事，因此用过去分词作宾补，即“have sth.done〞结构，意为“让某事被做〞。
答案：taken
19. (2023年天津卷)It took him a long time ________ (acquire) the skills he needed to become a good dancer.
解析：句意：他花了很长时间学习成为一名好舞者所需要的各项技能。在It takes/took sb....to do sth.句型中，It作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语。
答案：to acquire
20. (2023年天津卷)I didn't mean ________ (eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn't help trying it.
解析：句意：我当时什么都不想吃，但是那款冰激凌看上去太诱人了以致于我忍不住品尝了它。mean to do sth.意为“打算做某事〞；mean doing sth.意为“意味着做某事〞。此处意为“打算做某事〞，mean后须加不定式作宾语。
答案：to eat
21. (2023年北京卷)Ordinary soap, ________ (use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
解析：句意：普通的香皂，只要使用正确，就可以有效除菌。use与其逻辑主语为被动关系，故填过去分词used。
答案：used
22. (2023年北京卷)________ (travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.
解析：句意：沿古老的丝绸之路旅行是一次有趣和有益的经历。根据题干可知，“________ along the old Silk Road〞是主语局部，应该用动名词形式作主语。
答案：Traveling
23. (2023年北京卷)During the Mid­Autumn Festival, family members often gather together ________ (share) a meal, admire the moon and enjoy mooncakes.
解析：句意：过中秋节的时候，家人们通常会团聚在一起吃饭、赏月和品尝月饼。根据句意可知，家人们团聚在一起的目的是吃饭、赏月和品尝月饼，因此用不定式to share作目的状语。
答案：to share
24. (2023年江苏卷)Around 13，500 new jobs were created during the period, ________ (exceed) the expected number of 12，000 held by market analysts.
解析：句意：这段时期约13 500个新工作被创造出来，超过了市场分析者预测的12 000个。空处是非谓语动词作状语，与“Around 13，500 new jobs〞是主动关系，且没有动作发生前后的关系，故用现在分词。
答案：exceeding
25. (2023年全国卷Ⅰ)They are required________ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.
解析：句意：他们被要求加工食物……。 require意为“要求〞， require sb. to do sth.意为“要求某人做某事〞，被动形式为sb. be required to do sth.，意为“某人被要求做某事〞。故填to process。
答案：to process
26. (2023年全国卷Ⅱ)This included digging up the road, ________ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.
解析：included后的dig，lay，build是三个并列的动作，根据digging及building可知，lay也应用动名词形式。
答案：laying
27. (2023年全国卷Ⅲ)But unlike school friends，16­year­old Sarah is not spending half­term ________ (rest)．
解析： spend time doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事〞，故填resting。
答案：resting
28. (2023年江苏卷)A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help ________ (shape) your year ahead.
解析：help (to) do sth.意为“帮助做某事〞。
答案：(to) shape
29. (2023年天津卷)I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ________ (catch)．
解析：句意：在整个会议期间我一直在看钟表，因为我要去赶火车。根据上文判断出，as引导原因状语从句，sb. have sth. to do意为“某人有某事要做(在本句中to do 由主语完成)〞，故填to catch。
答案：to catch
30. (2023年北京卷)The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ________ (range) from butterflies to elephants.
解析：句意：国家公园有许多的野生动物，从蝴蝶到大象种类繁多。此处wildlife和range之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式作定语。
答案：ranging
Ⅱ.单句改错
1. (2023年全国卷Ⅰ)All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：分析句子结构可知，cheered是谓语动词，say前没有并列连词and等，所以say只能用非谓语动词形式；主语与say之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作状语。
答案：say→saying
2. (2023年全国卷Ⅲ)If I succeed in manage one, I will open more.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：succeed in doing sth.意为“成功做某事〞。
答案：manage→managing
3. (2023年全国卷Ⅲ) I want my cafe have a special theme such as “Tang Dynasty〞．
_________________________________________________________________
解析：want sb./sth.to do sth.意为“希望某人/某物做某事〞。
答案：cafe后加to
4. (2023年全国卷Ⅲ)I've had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a café.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：to 是不定式符号，后跟动词原形。to open a café在句中作表语。
答案：opens→open
5. (2023年全国卷Ⅲ)Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：分析句子成分，本句谓语为was，而且没有连词，主语与wait是主动关系，故用现在分词表伴随。
答案：wait→waiting
6. (2023年全国卷Ⅲ)Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity; others were nervous and anxious.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：be eager to do sth.意为“渴望做某事〞，故在eager后加to。
答案：eager后加to
7. (2023年全国卷Ⅰ)My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：句意：我的爷爷说去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了一大笔钱。此处介词by后用动名词，故用selling。
答案：sell→selling
8. (2023年全国卷Ⅱ)When summer comes, they will invite their students pick the vegetables!
_________________________________________________________________
解析：invite 后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语，故在students后加to。
答案：students后加to
9. (2023年全国卷Ⅲ)I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：根据前面的介词by可知，此处应把wear改为wearing。
答案：wear→wearing
10. (2023年浙江卷)He would ask who we were and pretend not to knowing us.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：pretend后跟动词不定式作宾语，故把knowing改为know。
答案：knowing→know
11. (2023年全国卷Ⅱ)We can choose between staying at home and take a trip.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：stay at home 与take a trip 是并列结构，故把take改为taking。
答案：take→taking
12. (2023年浙江卷)The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：make 后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，故把felt改为feel。
答案：felt→feel
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