电气安全工器具试验规程.doc

电气安全工器具试验规程

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2020年4月19日
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中国东北电力工程服务公司
China northeast Electric Power
Engineering & Services Co.Ltd

Maintenance Procedure维 护 程 序

电气 安全工器具试验程序
Electrical safety and instrument test procedure
400Responsible Organization
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ELE
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-09-23-06
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王成新

黄中永

黄代柱

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/09/23
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王成新
First issue初版

目录

1. PURPOSE目的 3
2. APPLICABLE适用范围 3
3. REGULATION AND DOCUMENT规范引用及相关文件 3
4. DEFINITION定义 4
5. CAPACITIVE TYPE VOLTAGE DETECTORS电容型验电器...........................................................10
6. TYPE WITH SHORT CIRUIT GROUNDING LINE携带型短路接地线............................................14
7. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE GROUNDING LINE个人保护接地线...................................................17
8. INSULATING ROD绝缘杆...................................................................................................................18
9. PHASING TESTER核相器....................................................................................................................20
10. INSULATION COVER绝缘罩...............................................................................................................23
11. INSULATING CLAPBOARD绝缘隔板.................................................................................................25
12. INSULATING PAD绝缘胶垫.................................................................................................................26
13. INSULATING BOOTS绝缘靴................................................................................................................28
14. INSULATING GLOES绝缘手套............................................................................................................30
15. CONDUCTIVE SHOES导电鞋..............................................................................................................32
16. SEAT BELTS安全带...............................................................................................................................34
17. SAFETY HELMET安全帽.....................................................................................................................36
18. CLIMBERS脚扣.....................................................................................................................................41
19. LIFTING PLATE升降板.........................................................................................................................42
20. BAMBOO(MOOD) LABBER竹（木）梯............................................................................................43
21. TEST REPORT试验报告........................................................................................................................44

1. PURPOSE目的
　本规程规定了各种常见电力安全工器具预防性试验的项目、周期和要求，并提供了相应的试验方法，用以判断这些工器具是否符合使用条件，保证工作人员的人身安全。
　The provisions of this procedure for all kinds of commonly used electric power safety instruments preventive test project, cycle and requirements, and provide the corresponding test method, to determine whether these instruments in line with the conditions of use, guarantee the personal safety of staff.

2. APPLICABLE适用范围
本程序适用于本规程不适用于带电作业工器具。This procedure is applicable to this standard does not apply to live working instruments.
　　从国外进口的安全工器具应以该工器具的产品标准为基础，参照本规程执行。Safety instruments imported from abroad should be on the basis of the instruments of product standards, the present regulations.

3. REGULATION AND DOCUMENT规范引用及相关文件

REGULATION规范性引用文件
The procedure is written base on the following regulations.
本程序基于下列规程进行编写。
DATE日期
CODE编号
TITLE标题

GB 2811～2812-89
安全帽及其试验方法Safety helmet and its test method

GB 4385-1995
防静电鞋、导电鞋技术要求Anti-static shoes, conductive technical requirements

GB 6095～6096-85
安全带safety belt

GB 7059.1～7059.3-86
移动式梯安全标准Movable ladder safety standards

GB 1 -
电绝缘鞋通用技术条件Electrical insulating shoes general technical conditions

DL 408-91
电业安全工作规程（发电厂和变电所电气部分）Electrical safety work procedures (power plant and substation electrical part)

DL 409-91
电业安全工作规程（电力线路部分）Electrical safety work procedures (power line)

　DL 740-
电容型验电器Capacitive type voltage detectors

SD 332-89
携带型短路接地线技术标准Type with short circuit grounding line technical standards

DOCUMENTS相关联的文件
DATE日期
CODE编号
TITLE标题

　GB 1695-81
硫化橡胶工频击穿介电强度和耐电压的测定方法Vulcanized rubber breakdown dielectric strength and power frequency voltage resistance method

GB 11176-89
电绝缘橡胶板Rubber insulating sheet

GB 12168-90
带电作业用遮蔽罩Protective cover for live working

GB 13398-92
带电作业用绝缘杆通用技术条件Live working with insulating rod general technical conditions

GB 17622-1998
带电作业用绝缘手套通用技术条件General technical conditions for live working with insulating gloves

DL/T 596-1996
电力设备预防性试验规程Electric power equipment preventive test procedures

4. 定义DEFINITION
4.1电力安全工器具ELECTRIC POWER SECURITY INSTRUMENTS
　防止触电、灼伤、坠落、摔跌等事故，保障工作人员人身安全的各种专用工具和器具。PREVENT TO GET AN ELECTRIC SHOCK, BURNS, FALLS AND FALL ACCIDENTS, ENSURE THE STAFF PERSONAL SAFETY OF ALL KINDS OF SPECIAL TOOLS AND INSTRUMENTS.
安全工器具分为绝缘安全工器具和一般防护安全工器具两大类。Security and instrument insulation safety instruments and general protection safety and instrument divides into two broad categories.
　　绝缘安全工器具又分为基本绝缘安全工器具和辅助绝缘安全工器具。Insulation safety instruments is divided into basic insulation safety instruments and supplementary insulation instruments.
　　基本绝缘安全工器具是指能直接操作带电设备或接触及可能接触带电体的工器具，如电容型验电器、绝缘杆、核相器、绝缘罩、绝缘隔板等，这类工器具和带电作业工器具的区别在于工作过程中为短时间接触带电体或非接触带电体。在本规程中，将携带型短路接地线也归入这个范畴。Basic insulation safety instruments refers to can operation directly electrified equipment or contact and may be charged body contact and instrument, such as capacitance type electroscope, insulating rod, nuclear phase inverter, the insulation cover, insulating plate, etc., this kind of instruments and the difference between live working instruments work charged body for a short period of time in the process of contact or non-contact charged body.Type in this discipline, will carry a short circuit grounding line also in this category.
　　辅助绝缘安全工器具是指绝缘强度不是承受设备或线路的工作电压，只是用于加强基本绝缘安全工器具的保安作用，用以防止接触电压、跨步电压、泄漏电流电弧对操作人员的伤害，不能用辅助绝缘安全工器具直接接触高压设备带电部分。属于这一类的安全工器具有：绝缘手套、绝缘靴、绝缘胶垫等。Supplementary insulation safety instruments refers to the dielectric strength is not bear the working voltage of equipment or line, only to strengthen security work basic insulation safety instruments, to prevent the contact voltage and step voltage and leakage current arc to the injury of the operator, cannot use supplementary insulation safety instruments direct contact with high voltage equipments live part.Fall into this category of safety instruments are: insulating gloves, insulated boots, insulation pads, etc.
　　一般防护用具是指防护工作人员发生事故的工器具，如安全带、安全帽等，在本规程中，将登高用的脚扣、升降板、梯子等也归入这个范畴。导电鞋也归入这个范畴。General protection appliance is refers to the protection of staff accident and instrument, such as seat belts, helmets, etc., in this discipline, will be used in high climbers, lift plate, ladders, etc. Also in this category.Conductive shoes also in this category.
4.2预防性试验 preventive test
　　为防止使用中的电力安全工器具性能改变或存在隐患而导致在使用中发生事故，对电力安全工器具进行试验、检测和诊断的方法和手段。In order to prevent the use of electric power safety and instrument performance change or exist hidden dangers caused by accidents occurred in use, the electric power safety and instrument testing, detection and diagnosis method and means.
　　4.3 高压high voltage
　　对地电压在1000V以上。The voltage above 1000 v
　　4.4 低压low voltage
　　对地电压在250V及以下。In ground voltage 250 v and below.
　　4.5 电容型验电器Capacitive type voltage detectors

　　经过检测流过验电器对地杂散电容中的电流，检验设备、线路是否带电的装置。By testing through the electroscope of stray capacitance of electric current, test equipment, the line is charged
　　4.6 携带型短路接地线Type with short circuit grounding line
　　用于防止设备、线路突然来电，消除感应电压，放尽剩余电荷的临时接地的装置。Used to prevent equipment, lines suddenly calls, eliminate the induced voltage, put all the remaining charge of temporary grounding device.
　　4.7 个人保护接地线Personal protective grounding line
　　主要用于防止感应电压危害的个人用接地装置。Mainly used for personal use to prevent induced voltage harm grounding device.
　　4.8 绝缘杆insulating rod
　　用于短时间对带电设备进行操作的绝缘工具，如接通或断开高压隔离开关、跌落熔丝具等。For a short period of time for the insulation of the electric equipment to operate tools, such as on or off falling high-voltage isolating switch, fuse, etc.
　　4.9 核相器phasing tester

　　用于检别待连接设备、电气回路是否相位相同的装置。Don't stay connected devices is used to check, whether the electric circuits of the phase of the same device.
　　4.10 绝缘罩insulating cover
　　由绝缘材料制成，用于遮蔽带电导体或非带电导体的保护罩。Made of insulating materials, used to cover a charged conductor or not charged conductor shielding.
　　4.11 绝缘隔板insulating cell
　　用于隔离带电部件、限制工作人员活动范围的绝缘平板。Used for belt electric components, limited the staff activities of insulating plate.
　　4.12 绝缘胶垫Insulated pad
　　加强工作人员对地绝缘，由特殊橡胶制成的橡胶板。To strengthen the staff of insulation, made of special rubber rubber sheet.
　　4.13 绝缘靴insulating boot
　　由特种橡胶制成的，用于人体与地面绝缘的靴子。Made of special rubber, used in the human body and the ground insulated boots
　　4.14 绝缘手套insulating gloves
　　由特种橡胶制成的，起电气绝缘作用的手套。Plays a role of electrical insulation, made of special rubber gloves.
　　4.15 导电鞋conductive shoes
　　由特种导电性能橡胶制成的，在220～500kV带电杆塔上及330～500 kV带电设备区非带电作业时为防止静电感应电压所穿用的鞋子。made of special conductive rubber performance in 220 ~ 500 kV electric tower and 330 ~ 500 kV electric equipment to prevent electrostatic induction voltage when working area is not charged by wearing shoes.
　　4.16 安全带safety belt
　　高空作业中预防坠落伤亡的个人防护用品。Aerial work in the personal protective equipment to prevent fall injuries.
　　4.17 安全帽helmet
　　对人体头部受外力伤害起防护作用的帽。The human head from external damage protection cap.
　　4.18 脚扣grapplers
　　用钢或合金材料制作的攀登电杆的工具。Made of steel or alloy materials of climbing pole tool.
　　4.19 升降板lifting board

　　由脚踏板和吊绳组成的攀登电杆的工具。Composed of the pedals and wire pole tool.
　　4.20 竹（木）梯Bamboo (wood) ladder
　　由木料、竹料制作的登高作业的工具。Made of wood, bamboo material elevating operation tools.
　　5 电容型验电器Capacitive type voltage detectors
　　5.1 电容型验电器的试验项目、周期和要求见表1 The test items of capacitance type electroscope, period and requirements are shown in table 1
1. 　　表1 电容型验电器的试验项目、周期和要求Table 1 the test items of capacitance type electroscope, cycle and requirements

序号NO
项目project
周期period
要求demand
说明explain
1
起动电压试验Starting voltage test
1年1 year
起动电压值不高于额定电压值的40%，不低于额定电压的15%Starting voltage value is not higher than 40% of the rated voltage value, not less than 15% of the rated voltage
实验时接触电极应于试验电极相接触Experiment with electrode electrode contact shall be given to the test
2
工频耐压试验Power frequency withstand voltage test
1年1 year
额定电压KV rated voltage kv
试验长度M test length M
工频耐压KV Power frequency withstand voltage kv

1min
5min
10
0.7
45
/
35
0.9
95
/
63
1.0
175
/
110
1.3
220
/
220
2.1
440
/
330
3.2
/
380
500
4.1
/
580

　　5.2 试验方法test method
　　5.2.1 验电器起动电压试验Electroscope starting voltage test
　　高压电极由金属球体构成，在1m的空间范围内不应放置其它物体，将验电器的接触电极与一极接地的交流电压的高压电极相接触，逐渐升高高压电极的电压，当验电器发出“电压存在”信号，如“声光”指示时，记录此时的起动电压，如该电压在（0.15～0.4）倍额定电压之间，则认为试验经过。High voltage electrode made of metal sphere, in the space of the 1 m should not be placed within the scope of other objects, the electroscope electrode contact with a grounded ac voltage of high voltage electrode contact, rising high voltage electrode voltage, when the electroscope signal "voltage existence", such as "light" instruction, record the starting voltage, such as the voltage between (0.15 ~ 0.4) times the rated voltage, argues that test passed.
　　5.2.2 工频耐压试验power-frequency voltage-withstand test
　　高压试验电极布置于绝缘杆的工作部分，高压试验电极和接地极间的长度即为试验长度，根据表1中规定确定两电极间距离，如在绝缘杆间有金属连接头，两试验电极间的距离还应在此值上再加上金属部件的长度，绝缘杆间应保持一定距离，以便于观察试验情况。接地极和高压试验电极以宽50mm的金属箔或用导线包绕。Work part of the high voltage test electrode arrangement in the insulation rod, high voltage test electrode and the length of the grounding electrode is the length of the test, according to table 1 shall be determined in the distance between two electrodes, such as metal connector between the insulating rod, the distance between the test electrode should also on the value plus the length of the metal parts, insulating rod should keep a certain distance between, in order to facilitate observation test.Grounding electrodes and the high voltage test electrode at 50 mm wide metal foil or wire.
　　对于各个电压等级的绝缘杆，施加对应的电压。对于10～220kV电压等级的绝缘杆，加压时间1min；对于330～500kV电压等级的绝缘杆，加压时间5min。For each voltage grade insulating rod, the corresponding voltage applied.For 10 ~ 220 kv voltage class insulation lever, pressurized time 1 min;In 330 ~ 500 kv voltage grade insulating rod, pressurized time 5 min.
　　缓慢升高电压，以便能在仪表上准确读数，达到0.75倍试验电压值起，以每秒2%试验电压的升压速率至规定的值，保持相应的时间，然后迅速降压，但不能突然切断，试验中各绝缘杆应不发生闪络或击穿，试验后绝缘杆应无放电、灼伤痕迹，应不发热。Slowly increase the voltage to accurate readings in the instrument, at 0.75 times the test voltage value, 2% of test voltage booster rate per second to the specified value, keep the corresponding time, and then the quick buck, but can not be cut off suddenly, test the insulation rod should not happen in flashover or breakdown, after the test the insulation rod should be no discharge, burn marks, should be no fever.
　　若试验变压器电压等级达不到试验的要求，可分段进行试验，最多可分成4段，分段试验电压应为整体试验电压除以分段数再乘以1.2倍的系数。If can not meet the test requirements, test transformer voltage grade can be segmented to test and can be divided into four segments, most test voltage shall be the integral test voltage divided by the number of every block coefficient multiplied by 1.2 times.
　　6 携带型短路接地线Type with short circuit grounding line
　　6.1 携带型短路接地线的试验项目、周期和要求见表2 Carrying the pilot project of short-circuit ground wire type, period and requirements are shown in table 2
　　表2 携带型短路接地线的试验项目、周期和要求Table 2 type with short circuit grounding line test, cycle and project requirements
序号no
项目project
周期cycle
要求requirements
说明nstructions
1
成组直流电阻试验Group dc resistance test
不超过5年No more than 5 years
在各接线鼻之间测量直流电阻，对于25㎜²，35㎜²，50㎜²，70㎜²，95㎜²，120㎜²的各种截面，平均每米的电阻值应分别小于0.79mΩ,0.56mΩ,0.40mΩ,0.28mΩ,0.21mΩ,0.16mΩ.Measure the dc resistance between all wiring nose for 25 ㎜ squared, 35 ㎜ squared, 50 ㎜ squared, 70 ㎜ squared, 95 ㎜ squared, 120 ㎜ squared various cross section, average per meter resistance should be less than 0.79 m Ω respectively, 0.56 m Ω Ω 0.40 m, 0.28 m Ω Ω 0.21 m, 0.16 m Ω.
同一批次抽测，不少于2条，接线鼻与软导线压接的应做试验The same batch of parking, not less than 2, wiring nose and soft wire pressure test should be done
2
操作棒的工频耐压试验Great power frequency wi