大学英语四级听力60个必考习语详解.docx

大学英语四级听力60个必考习语详解

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大学英语四级听力60个必考习语详解
1、across
    ①. 表方位。
    Let's go to the restaurant across the street and get something to eat. 让我们去街对面的餐馆买些吃的。
    ②. 表动作，穿越。
    You must go across the bridge and then turn right. 你必须先过桥，然后再往右拐。
2、age
    ①. 年龄。最一般的表示。在此不赘述。
    ②. 衰老。
    the aging people=the old people
    现代社会出现越来越严重的aging problem(人口老龄化问题)等。
3、all
    ①. shake all over 浑身颤抖
    ②. all of a sudden 突然地
    All of a sudden, I remembered her name. 我突然想起了她的名字。
    ③. by all means 一定
    I'll come by all means. 我一定会来的。
    ④. all night long 整晚
    My present neighbor plays piano all night long. 我现在的邻居整晚都弹钢琴。
4、apply
    这里我们详细串联一下在听力考试中涉及到的与求职相关的短语。
    apply for(申请)，这是工作的第一步；既然要申请，必然需要递交letter of application(求职信)，只要你足够confident about yourself，就有可能获得job interview(工作面试)的机会。是否能够give a good impression(留个好印象)给主管，那就得看你个人犄造化了。
    有些工作岗位会require much traveling(要求经常出差)，还有些工作，做不了多久就会希望find a way out(找到出路)。
    正所谓城里城外，各有风光。没工作的人想工作，有工作的人又烦工作。
5、as
    ①. 作为，当作。
    I am working as his teaching assistant. 我作为她的助教进行工作。
    ②. as…as 就像……一样
    I've heard that he is as well-known as Johnson herself. 我听说她跟约翰生本人自己一样著名。
    I don't think it would be as boring as working in an office. 我并不认为这会跟在办公室工作一样枯燥。
    It wasn't as easy as I had thought. 这不像我想的那么简单。
    It's not as bad as it looks. 这并不像看上去的那么糟糕。
    Is that optional course as hard as everybody says? 那个选修课真的就像每个人说的那样难吗？
    ③. as far as I know 据我所知
    As far as I know, whether there'll be such a trip is yet to be decided. 据我所知，是否有这么一趟旅行尚未决定。
    As far as I know, he works until midnight every day. 据我所知，她每天都工作到半夜。
    ④. as well 也
    If the weather is this hot tomorrow, we may as well give up the idea of playing tennis outside. 如果明天温度还是这么高，我们也可能放弃到户外进行比赛的主意。
    ⑤. 1、as soon as 一……就，尽快
    I will do that for you as soon as I have fixed the machine. 一修好机器我就会尽快为你完成那个工作。
6、awfully
    非常地，相当地。在口语中用于表程度的比例十分高。
    awfully nervous 相当紧张；awfully cold 相当冷；awfully sorry 十分抱歉
    Tom looks awfully nervous.  汤姆看上去相当紧张。
    I am awfully sorry. I didn't mean to hurt you.  十分抱歉。我不想伤害你的。
7、be bound to
    肯定，注定
    The movie starts in 5 minutes and there's bound to be a long line. 电影还有5分钟就开始了，现在那里肯定排着长队。
8、be tired of
    厌烦。当一个人感到厌烦的时候，也是最容易lose one's temper(生气)的时候。
    I'm tired of movies about romantic stories. 我已经彻底厌烦了电影中的浪漫故事。
9、be worn out
    ①. 筋疲力尽，这个表示不太正式，多用于口语。
    I'm usually worn out at the end of the day. 在一天快结束时我时常觉得很累。
    ②. 破旧不堪。
    My soles were worn out after a long time trip. 经过长时间的旅行，我的鞋底已经破旧不堪。
10、better
    ①. 'd better 最好是
    I'd better read one of the articles for the class. 我最好还是为上课读篇文章准备一下。
    I think you'd better find another partner. 我想你最好还是另找一个搭档吧。
    ②. make it better 让……更好
    I'd rewrite the last two paragraphs to make it better. 我已经重写了最后两段以使它更好。
    ③. be better 更好些
    I told you it would be better for you if you took fewer courses during the first semester. 我告诉过你如果你在第一个学期少选一些课程会比较好一些。
11、bill
    ①. 账单，买单。
    I will pay the bill this time because last time you did it. 这次我来买单，因为上次是你。
    ②. 提案。
    We all passed the bill on yesterday's board meeting. 在昨天的董事会上我们全票经过该提案。
    ③. 纸币。
    Here's a 10-dollar bill. Give me two tickets for tonight's show please. 这是一张10美元的纸币，请给我两张今晚演出的票，谢谢。
12、book
    ①. 书。本意，简单名词。
    ②. 预定，订购。 be booked up 被预定空了；booking office 售票处
    All the morning flights have been booked up. 所有明早的飞机票都预定光了。
13、briefing
    ①. 简介。会议之前，总要有一个项目叫做Give a briefing.
    Mrs. Lung's briefing seems to go on forever. Lung女士的简报似乎没完没了。
    ②. news / press briefing 新闻发布会
14、change
    ①. 改变，更改。这是该词的基本意思，看两个例子回顾一下。
    I'd love to see a different type of movie for a change. 我想换换口味，看场不同类型的电影。
    I'll have to get my ticket changed. 我必须得更改我的票。
    ②. 零钱。这是在口语中经常使用的意思。
    Two tickets and here's a dollar forty cents change. 这是两张票以及一美元四十美分的找零。
    Jane, do you have some change? I have to make a call on the pay phone. 简，你有零钱吗？我想在公用电话亭打个电话。
15、check
    ①. 检查。基本意思。check our baggage 检查行李
    Could you check for me who borrowed it? 你能帮我查查是谁借走了吗？
    Did you check the power plug and press the play button? 你是否检查了电源插头并按了播放键了呢？
    ②. 登机台。check-in counter
    Is this the check-in counter for Flight 914 to Los Angeles? 这是飞往洛杉矶的914号航班的登机台吗？
    ③. 询问。check on it 问问看
    Maybe I should call to check on it. 可能我应该打个电话问问看。
    ④. 支票。
    Sign the check. 签这张支票。
16、copy
    ①. 一本，一份。a copy of 口语中经常使用。
    I'd like to buy a copy of Professor Franklin's book On American Culture. 我想买本富兰克林教授写的关于美国文化的书。
    Would you like a copy of professor Smith's article? 你想要份史密斯教授的文章吗？
    ②. 复印。简单动词。
    Could you copy this article for me? 你能为我拷贝一下这篇文章吗？
17、count
    ①. 数数。
    She is counting the days. 她每天都在数着日子。
    ②. 指望。count on 依赖
    We'll have to count on good weather. 我们不得不指望一个好天气。
18、cover
    ①. 封面。hard cover 精装书，与hard back book同意。另外，每个娱乐杂志的封面都免不了会有一位漂亮时尚的cover figure(封面人物)。
    The hard cover is on sale for the same price as the paperback this week in the bookshop. 在书店，这些精装本与平装本价格相同。
    ②. 读完，完成。
    I think we've covered everything. 我认为我们完成所有事情了。
    I just covered a few chapters which interested me most.  我只读完了自己最感兴趣的几章。
19、crossword puzzle
    纵横字谜，一种填字游戏。既能够entertain oneself(自我娱乐)，也是一种不错的智力训练。
    This is not a game. It's only a crossword puzzle that helps increase my vocabulary. 这不是游戏。这只是能够帮助我提高单词量的一种纵横字谜。
20、drama
    戏剧。这是一种西方的艺术形式。四级听力中曾经多次出现。其它的艺术形式还有TV play(电视剧)，soap opera(肥皂剧)，concert(音乐会)……
    Some people just can't seem to appreciate real-life drama. 有些人似乎不愿意欣赏真实生活的戏剧表演。
21、drop
    ①. drop by 拜访。
    I wonder if you can drop by tomorrow evening. 我想知道你能否在明晚过来。
    ②. 载人一程。
    I'm going home, but I can drop you at the supermarket. 我要回家，但我能够载你到超市。
    ③. drop it 忘掉，放弃。
    We can drop it this time. But don't do it again. 这次我们能够算了，但下次不要再犯。
    I have to drop it this time. 我这次不得不放弃。
22、drunk driving
    酒后驾驶。在四级听力中出现，一般都是作为traffic accident(交通事故)的主要原因之一。
    I think it's high time we turned our attention to the danger of drunk driving now. 我认为这是我们必须重视酒后驾驶的危险性的时候了。
23、expect
    愿意“期待，期望”。
    Nobody expects you to be a superstar. 没有人指望你会成为超级明星。
    引申意思为“等待，预期”。
    The lecture was much more difficult to follow than I had expected. 这个演讲比我预期的要难懂多了。
    Mr. Smith is expecting you at 3 o'clock. 史密斯先生等待着你三点钟到来。
24、extremely
    使用频率非常高，不亚于very，这个东西extremely expensive。
    The speech the blind girl gave this evening was extremely moving. 今晚那个盲女孩的演讲非常感人。
25、film
    ①. 电影。最常见用语。
    ②. 胶卷。
    ran out of film 胶卷用完；a roll of film 一卷胶卷；develop the film冲洗胶卷，说成wash就完蛋了。
    ③. 拍摄。
    film the river bank 拍摄河岸景致
26、gains and losses
    得与失。
    Think about the gains and losses before you make the decision. 在你做出决定之前，一定要好好想想得与失。
27、give
    ①. give sb a ride 请某人搭便车
    Could you give me a ride to school tomorrow? 你明天能载我一程去学校吗？
    ②. give sb a hand 帮助某人
    Can you give me a hand, Mike? 麦克，你能帮我一下吗？
    ③. give sb a ring 打电话给某人
    I need to give Mum a ring and tell her I will not be back for dinner. 我要给妈妈打电话告诉她不回去吃晚饭了。
28、go
    ①. go broke 破产；身无分文
    ②. go for a ride 乘车外出
    My sister wanted to go for a ride around town. 我的姐姐想乘车去镇上转一转。
    ③. go Dutch 各付各的
    ④. go ahead 向前进；继续下去
    Go ahead, please. 请继续向前进。
    ⑤. go on forever 永远继续下去
    Mrs. Lung's briefing seems to go on forever. 郎女士的演说似乎没完没了。
    ⑥. go against 不顺心
    Oh, yes, but not a thing to go against me. 哦，是啊，没有什么不顺心的事情发生在我身上。
    ⑦. go over 复习，温习
    I've have to go over my notes for tomorrow's midterm. 我不得不为明天的期中考试复习笔记。
29、item
    ①. 物品。I want to move a few heavy items into the car.  我想把一些很重要的东西搬进车里。
    ②. 项，东西。如果填表(fill in a form)，就必然有many items to write。
    ③. 指代工作。
    What about a cup of coffee before we move onto the next item? 在进入下一个议程前要不要来杯咖啡。
30、keep
    ①. keep in touch(with) 保持联系
    But we'll keep in touch. 可是我们会保持联系的。
    Do you still keep in touch with your parents regularly after you leave them? 你离开父母以后还依然与她们继续保持经常的联系吗？
    ②. keep an eye on 看守。
31、laundry
    该词本意是指洗衣店。可是在听力中，会用来借指洗衣服的工作。
    比如，There's a lot of laundry to do. 有很多衣服要洗。
32、look
    该词本身作为一个基本动词并无什么难度，可是它频频在听力中出现的各种用法我们不得不掌握一下。
    ①. 看上去。
    You look great. 你看上去气色很好。
    You look awfully nervous. 你看上去很紧张。
    All of my clothes look so old and I can't afford something new. 我所有的衣服看上去都很旧，我买不起新的。
    It's not as bad as it looks. 它并没有看上去的糟。
    ②. 查阅。look up 查阅字典
    ③. 希望。look forward to
    ④. 寻找。look for
    Do you think we should try to call him or look for him? 你认为我们是打电话给她呢，还是去找她？
    Have you seen a young gentleman looking for his wristwatch? 你见过一个寻找腕表的年轻人吗？
33、make
    ①. make an appointment 预约
    Why didn't you make an appointment to see the doctor last week? 你为什么上周不给医生打个预约电话。
    ②. make a call on the payphone 打一个收费电话
    ③. make room for sb 腾出位子给某人
    Could you make room for the old lady? 你能为这位老太太让个座吗？
    ④. make it 达到，抵达，做到
    But I'm afraid I can't make it. 可是我恐怕做不到。
    I'm afraid I can't make it before 7 o'clock. 我恐怕在7点前没法到达。
34、mistake
    ①. 错误。make a mistake
    ②. 误认。这对双胞胎长得太像了，因此I often mistake one for another，而且无法tell them apart。
35、notice
    ①. 通知。
    Please wait for further notice. 请注意进一步通知。
    ②. 注意到。
    Have you noticed anything wrong here? 你注意到这里有什么问题吗？
36、offer
    ①. 提供。公司提供工作职位给学生就是offer a job。国外大学提供奖学金即：offer scholarship。因此大家一般称国外大学的全额奖学金为offer。
    I turned down the offer because it would mean frequent business trips away from my family. 我拒绝了这份工作因为它要求频繁的出差。
    They're offering me a job after I graduate.  她们给我提供了一份毕业后的工作。
    ②. 帮助。offer to help others 乐于助人
37、order
    ①. 命令。这是最基本用法，不赘述。
    ②. 订购。
    I haven't received the furniture I ordered yet. 我还没有收到订购。
    How about the food I ordered? 我订的饭菜如何？
    餐厅服务用语：Can I take / serve your order?
    ③. 秩序。 out of order 比较乱，其反意为in order。
38、paint
    ①. 油漆。
    Did Henry paint the whole house himself? 整栋房都是亨利自己漆的吗？
    He had it painted. 她找人刷了油漆。
    ②. 绘画。
    Can you tell me the title of this oil painting?  你能告诉我这贴画油画的名字吗？
39、paper
    ①. 论文。学期结束，学生难免会要被要求完成几篇papers。
    How much time did you have for writing the paper? 你写论文花了多少时间？
    What's the teacher's comment on the student's paper? 老师怎么评价这个学生的论文？
    Are you sure you have corrected all the typing errors in this paper? 你确信论文中所有打印错误都更改了吗？
    ②. 试卷。期中考试有mid-term paper，期末有term paper。因此，如果提到The paper was not as easy as we hope. 就是考试卷子没有想象得那么容易之意了。
    ③. 书面。与paper test 书面考试(笔试)相正确就是oral test(口试)。固定搭配on paper也即表示“以书面形式”。
    ④. 平装。a paper back book / paperback edition平装书，与hard back book / hard cover精装书相对。听力中会出现的情形是，在促销(on sale)期间，平装书和精装书一样的价格，这个时候大家当然会更愿意选择精装书了。
    Do you have the paperback edition of this dictionary? 这本字典有平装版吗？
    ⑤. 新闻报纸。来源于newspaper。在日常见语中，直接用paper指代新闻报纸。
    I'm calling about the three-bedroom house you advertised in yesterday's paper.
    The paper says people tend to feel unwell if they sleep less than six hours a day.
    I'd like to place an advertisement for a used car in this Sunday edition of your paper.
    ⑥. 一般的纸张。该词最基本的意思。
    I am looking for quality paper to type my essay. 我在找高质量的纸来打印论文。
40、polish
    修改，润色。对论文，对求职简历。
    I spend so much time polishing my application letter. 我花了很多时间润色我的申请文书。
41、print
    ①. 打印。
    Print this article out. 把这份文件打印出来。
    ②. 印刷。与publish 相近，the printing industry 就是印刷业，out of print绝版。
    The book has been out of print for some time now.
    ③. 用印刷体写。
    I have printed my family name, first name, date of birth, and address. 我用印刷体写上了我的姓，名，生日和地址。
42、quality
    本意为名词“质量”，在听力中也常见作形容词，表示“高质量的”。如：quality life
    I am looking for quality paper to type my essay. 我在找高质量的纸来打印论文。
43、quote / quotation
    原意“引用”，在听力中出现的意思是报价。
    What's your quotation? Can you quote for the new flat? 你的报价是多少？你能估计一下这套新公寓的价格吗？
44、realize
    ①. 意识到。
    I realize that I make a big mistake now. 我意识到自己犯了大错。
    ②. 实现。最常见的说法就是实现梦想，realize the dream。
45、run
    ①. 着急。Why run?
    当你正急匆匆地催你的慢性朋友去赶火车，她就能够回答“Why run？”跑什么。意思是不着急，时间还多着呢。
    ②. 经营，运行。run one's own business 经营某人自己的事业
    The radio was running well, you needn't worry about it. 收音机没问题，你不必担心。
    You have to run your advertisement all week.  你整周都得登广告。
    ③. 运转时间。in the long run 从长远来看
46、semester
    这种表示“学期”的说法才是在口语听力中最为常见的。
    I'm thinking of taking five courses next semester. 我在考虑下个学期选修5门功课。
47、severe
    ①. 严重的。车祸造成了严重的伤害(severe injuries)。
    ②. 十分的，表程度。
    We haven't had such a severe winter for so long, have we? 我们很久没有过如此寒冷的冬天了，是吗？
48、shelf
    架子。主要用于指书架和货架，根据句子中的不同情境词汇来判断具体所指。
    I don't see any on the shelf.  架子上也没有。
    Here it is, on the upper shelf, next to Volume Two.  在这，架子上层，在第二册旁边。
49、sign
    ①. 签名。sign one's name
    You just need to sign your name at the bottom. 你只要在底下签名就行了。
    ②. 标识。一般常指交通标识。在违反交通场景中出现较多。
    I'm sorry. I didn't notice the sign.  对不起，我没有注意到标识。
    This is one-way street. Didn't you see the sign?  这是单行道，难道你没看标识吗？
50、stay
    ①. stay up 熬夜
    You're always staying up late and working overtime. 你总是熬夜到很晚而且过度工作。
    I stayed up the whole night studying for my midterm math exam. 我为了我的期中数学考试熬了一整夜。
    ②. stay for dinner 留下吃晚餐
    ③. stay awake 保持清醒
    I was barely able to stay awake. 我几乎不能保持清醒。
51、suit
    ①. 套装，衣服。
    You look great in your new suit. 你穿上新衣服后看上去棒极了。
    I bought a good suit in a clothing store.  我在衣服店里买了一套很好的套装。
    ②. 一套公寓。这个意思必须根据后文来进行判断。
    I bought a new suit in the central city this year. 我今年在市中心买了套公寓。
    ③. 适合。
    I hope it will suit you, sir. 我希望它能适合你，先生。
52、take
    ①. take a picture of 给……照相
    Could you take a picture of me with the lake in the background? 你能以湖为背景给我照张像吗？
    ②. take good care of 好好照看
    The man at the garage thinks that I take good care of my car. 修车库的人认为我非常爱惜自己的车。
53、tend to
    倾向于，趋向于。
    The paper says people tend to feel unwell if they sleep less than six hours a day. 报纸上说人如果每天睡眠少于6个小时将感到不舒服。
54、through
    本意是穿越，穿过。在以下几个搭配中分别又有了不同的含义。
    ①. 浏览。 read (straight) through
    I'd better read it through again. 我最好还是再通读一次。
    I didn't read straight through the way you read a novel. 我不像你读小说那样从头到尾地浏览一遍。
    ②. 结束、完成(工作)be (go) through
    I had a hard time getting through this test. 完成测验对我来说很难。
    That only leaves us 15 minutes to go through the customs and check our baggage. 我们只有15分钟的时间来接受海关检查和行李检查。
    After two sleepless nights, I'm finally through with it. 经过两个不眠之夜，我终于完成了。
    ③. 接通。get sb through
    Would you get me through to Dr. Lemon please? 能帮我接通Lemon医生吗？
    ④. 睡过了。sleep through
    How could you sleep through it? 你怎么能睡过头了呢？
    ⑤. 播放出来。come through
    The power indicator was on, and it was running, but somehow the sound didn't come through. 电源指示灯是亮的，而且正常工作，可是为什么声音就是出不来呢？
55、turn
    ①. 拒绝。turn down
    有人会因为频繁的公务旅行(frequent business trips)而turn down一份还不错的工作。
    而当因为某些事情而拒绝别人的邀请(