2023版高考英语二轮复习限时规范训练七阅读理解--主旨大意题.doc

限时标准训练(七)　阅读理解——主旨大意题
(限时：20分钟)
A
At the age of seven, while his friends were spending their allowance on things like candy and toys, Jose Adolfo Quisocola was busy saving money for basic purchases. To try to get his peers (同龄人) to do the same, the boy from Peru came up with the idea of an eco­bank, the Bartselana Student Bank, which allows kids of all ages to become financially independent while also helping the environment.
Set up in 2023, the bank is the world's first bank for kids. To become a member, a kid has to bring in at least 5 kilograms of solid waste and set a savings goal. Once accepted, all bank “partners〞 are required to deposit at least one additional kilogram of recyclables on a monthly basis and observe other requirements, such as attending financial education and environmental management workshops.
The waste accumulated is sold to local recycling companies, which, thanks to Jose's efforts, pay a higher­than­market rate for everything brought in by the bank members. The money received is placed in the personal account where they collect until the savings goal is reached. The account holder can then withdraw the money, or choose to leave it and make it continue to grow for a bigger target. “At the beginning, my teachers thought I was crazy or that a child could not undertake this type of project，〞 Jose recalls. “They did not understand that we are not the future of the country but its present. Luckily, I had the support of the school headmaster and an assistant in my class.〞
The boy's efforts paid off, and by 2023, the bank had over 200 members, who brought in one ton of recyclable waste. Today, the eco­bank, which now has the support of several local institutions, boasts ten educational centers. They are designed to teach over 3,000 students, aged 10 to 18, to become financially independent, use their money wisely, and help the environment.
Not surprisingly, Jose's efforts have earned him several national and international awards. On November 20, 2023, Jose won Children's Climate Prize, which comes with a medal and $5,500 in prize money and is given to a child or youth who has accomplished an extraordinary achievement for the climate or environment.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。当其他的孩子把零花钱花在糖果和玩具上时，七岁的Jose却想着如何储蓄。在校长的支持下，他成立了学生生态银行，让学生带废品开户，之后将废品销售给收购商。该银行受到了孩子们的欢送。
1．Why did Jose set up the bank?
A．To raise money and set up a recycling company.
B．To buy necessities and donate them to needy kids.
C．To save much money and protect the environment.
D．To educate the students and help them win prizes.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“To try to get his peers to do the same, the boy from Peru came up with the idea of an eco­bank, the Bartselana Student Bank, which allows kids of all ages to become financially independent while also helping the environment.〞可知，为了让他的同龄人也这么做，这个来自秘鲁的男孩想出了一个生态银行的点子，这个点子能让各个年龄段的孩子变得经济独立，同时也有助于环境保护。据此可知，Jose创立生态银行旨在储蓄的同时保护环境，故C项正确。
答案：C
2．How can a kid be admitted to the eco­bank?
A．By donating to the eco­bank.
B．By turning in one kilogram of waste in a month.
C．By sending in an application.
D．By presenting a savings goal and a certain amount of waste.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“To become a member, a kid has to bring in at least 5 kilograms of solid waste and set a savings goal.〞可知，假设要成为生态银行的一员，一个孩子必须至少上交5千克的固体垃圾，并设定一个储蓄目标，故D项正确。
答案：D
3．How did the teachers feel about Jose's program?
A．Doubtful.　　　　　　　　 B．Excited.
C．Moved. D．Worried.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第四句中的“At the beginning, my teachers thought I was crazy or that a child could not undertake this type of project〞可知，开始时老师们认为Jose疯了，认为一个孩子不能承当这种类型的工程。据此可推知，老师们对Jose的工程持疑心态度，故A项正确。
答案：A
4．What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．How the environment is improved.
B．What the project has achieved.
C．How tons of waste has been recycled.
D．What support the local institutions get.
解析：段落大意题。根据第四段的第一句“The boy's efforts paid off, and by 2023, the bank had over 200 members, who brought in one ton of recyclable waste.〞可知，Jose的努力得到了回报，到2023年，该银行已有200多名成员，他们带来了一吨可回收垃圾，并结合该段其他内容可知，该段主要介绍了生态银行的成就，故B项正确。
答案：B
B
While visiting the North Pole in winter may not be at the top of your bucket_list,_the ever­changing ICEHOTEL, which opened its doors to visitors on December 14 this year, may change your mind. 200 km north of the Arctic Circle in the Swedish village of Jukkasjrvi, the hotel, which is carved entirely from ice, is rebuilt annually.
The 35 rooms, built to accommodate visitors on all kinds of budgets, vary from expensive suites to basic rooms that are furnished with just an icy bed and a reindeer skin. Among the highlights this year is the “Spruce Woods〞 suite. Sculpted by Christopher Pascoe and Jennie O'Keefe of Canada, it describes a camping scene complete with a classic microbus, a forest, and even an artificial campfire.
There is also the artfully­carved “Living Ocean〞 suite to remind visitors of the importance of saving our oceans. The room is full of carved sea life that includes coral and a shark “swimming〞 right over the ice bed. “The suite is inspired by global warming and the overfishing that affects our oceans，〞 says artist Jonathan Paul Green. “I also think the idea of using frozen water from a river in northern Sweden to create an ocean with shells, fish, and coral is exciting.〞
The nearby “Haven〞 suite is a “magical gate of ice〞 guarded by two large animals. “We are inspired by the meeting between people and want to create an experience that stimulates curiosity and creativity，〞 says artist Jonas Johansson. “It feels like a dream to get to work with ice that allows our love for light, shine, and reflection to wander freely from thought to creation.〞
Regardless of whether visitors select the carved suites or the basic ice rooms, the temperature is always set to a bone­chilling －5 ℃！ That is why guests are advised to snuggle (蜷伏) up inside sleeping bags and wear gloves and winter hats all night. Not surprisingly, most end up spending just a single night at this unique hotel before moving on to the conventional and warmer hotels nearby.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了北极圈的一家用冰建成的旅馆。
5．What does the underlined phrase “bucket list〞 mean in the text?
A．A shopping list of buckets.
B．A list of travelling destinations.
C．A list of expensive hotels.
D．A list of exciting ideas.
解析：词义猜想题。根据第一段第一句“While visiting the North Pole in winter may not be at the top of your bucket list, the ever­changing ICEHOTEL, which opened its doors to visitors on December 14 this year, may change your mind.〞可知，虽然冬天去北极旅游可能不是你的首选，但这家不断变化的冰旅馆可能会改变你的想法；该旅馆于今年12月14日向游客开放。由该句中的“visiting the North Pole〞 “the ever­changing ICEHOTEL〞“visitors〞，并结合语境可推知，画线词意为“旅游目的地的列表〞，故B项正确。
答案：B
6．What can we know about the icehotel?
A．It is rebuilt every year.
B．Its rooms are expensive.
C．It organizes camping activities.
D．It lies in a coastal city.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“200 km north of the Arctic Circle in the Swedish village of Jukkasjrvi, the hotel, which is carved entirely from ice, is rebuilt annually.〞可知，这家完全由冰雕刻而成的旅馆每年都会重建，故A项正确。
答案：A
7．Where does the inspiration of “Living Ocean〞 suite come from?
A．Art and literature.
B．Ocean life and voyages.
C．Climate change and human influence.
D．The meeting of people.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第三句中的“The suite is inspired by global warming and the overfishing that affects our oceans〞可知，这间套房的灵感来自全球变暖和影响海洋的过度捕捞，故C项正确。
答案：C
8．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．An Adventure to the North Pole
B．An Experience Close to Nature
C．A Taste of Cold: A Night in a Village
D．A Winter Destination: Sweden's Icehotel
解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段第二句“200 km north of the Arctic Circle in the Swedish village of Jukkasjrvi, the hotel, which is carved entirely from ice, is rebuilt annually.〞可知，本文主要介绍了冬季旅游的好去处：瑞典冰旅馆，故D项最适合作本文标题。
答案：D
C
“Nearly every day the Irish have a song and play music，〞 says Will Fanning on his chair outside his home in Mingo, West Virginia. “Every weekend we write and play music at the house.〞 Fanning is a musician and hotel owner born in Ireland. But now he lives deep in the Appalachian Mountains, a 2,400­kilometer­long system of mountains along the eastern part of the United States. Like Fanning, many in the area continue the traditions from their families' immigrant history including a kind of music called old­time.
Old­time music comes from the Appalachian Mountains. In the 18th century, many Europeans from Ireland, Scotland and Germany arrived in the area to begin new lives. The US was their new home, but these Appalachian communities continued the European music and dance traditions they loved. Over time, the music mixed with that of African slaves and became its own. It is called old­time music.
According to the professional musician John Lilly from West Virginia, the earliest purpose of the music was for dancing. Life in the mountains was hard. Music and dancing offered Appalachians a much needed break from the labors of the day. And it had another_sense for Appalachians. In small Appalachian towns in the past, there were always very old musicians in the neighborhood. Young people would study the music from them, which acted as a bridge between the old and the young. Usually, old­time music was learned by ear. There were no written notes, so one had to learn it all by listening to it and trying to reproduce the sound.
Old­time songs are records of history. Some are based on the Christian religion and some are American Civil War songs. And, many are about the life and land that surround the songwriter.
These days, old­time music is not often heard over the radio. But it still lives on strongly in the communities where it came from.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一种融合多民族、见证并记录美国历史的音乐——old­time music。
9．What can be concluded from Fanning's words?
A．Music is a vital part of their family life.
B．Music reminds them of their ancestors.
C．The music passed down is the best.
D．He has the duty to spread music.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中Will Fanning所说的“Every weekend we write and play music at the house.〞可知，全家人都喜欢音乐，这是他们家庭生活的一局部。
答案：A
10．What do we know about old­time music?
A．It mirrors various cultures.
B．It dates back to 200 years ago.
C．It was widely popular in Europe.
D．It got its name from African slaves.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段对old­time music的介绍可知，这种音乐融合了不同民族的音乐风格，反映了不同的文化。
答案：A
11．What does “another sense〞 refer to in paragraph 3?
A．Going through hard times together.
B．Spreading music in an effective way.
C．Passing down the knowledge and experience.
D．Bringing members of different generations together.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Young people would study the music from them, which acted as a bridge between the old and the young.〞可知，通过传授这种音乐，很好地将不同世代的人联系在一起。
答案：D
12．What might be the best title for the text?
A．Recalling Old Times in Old Songs
B．Old­time Music's European Roots
C．Old Music That Records Old Times
D．A Family Tradition in West Virginia
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了old­time music的起源及影响，C项适合作为本文标题。
答案：C