2023年四级英语模拟试题.docx

Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition with the title ON Friendship.Your composition should be no less than 120 words.Remember to write your composition neatly.You should also base your composition on the outline below. 1.The need for friends 2.True friendship 3.My principle in making friendsPart II Listening Comprehension ( 25 minutes)Section ADirection: In this section, you will hear three news reports, At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresbonding letter on Answer sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Question 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.1. A)The highest price of gold on Asian markets.B)The highest price of gold on African markets.C)The lowest price of gold on Asian markets.D)The lowest price of gold on African markets.2. A)When the price fell to its lowest level.B)When gold prices reached investorsset targets.C)When lots of physical gold was consumed.D)When they are in the futures market.Question 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.3. A)Birds and bats may fly into the turning blades.B)Birds and bats cant stand high wind speed.C)Wind turbines can produce electricity.D)Wind turbines can release poisonous gas.4. A)It is made of iron.B) It is made of steel.C) It is made of plastic.D) It is made of paperboard.Question 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.5. A)The hot conditions.B)The cold conditions.C)The wet conditions.D)The dry conditions.6. A)Pollution will be more serious in popular beaches.B)Water quality may reach the lowest leavel.C)People may become infected with diseases.D)A warning system will be extremely urgent.7. A)Less than 18 hours.B)18 to 24 hours.C)More than 24 hours.D)More than 48 hours.Section BDirection: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresbonding letter on Answer sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Conversation OneQuestion 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A)She hasnt seen snow.B)She doesnt like to ski.C)She is afraid of skiing.D)She lives very far away from the skifield.9. A)Act like a cat.B)Go up step by step.C)Stand in the middle.D)Go up as quickly as possible.10. A)Cross the tips.B)Stop leaning forward.C)Point the tips together.D)Move to a gentle place.11. A)Pleased but afraid.B)Happy but nervous.C)Pleased and proud.D)Exciting and satisfied.Conversation TwoQuestion 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A)She is honest and hardworking.B)She is very competent for the job.C)She likes her job very much.D)She is hardworking but not competent.13. A)Designing a terrific web.B)Designing a basic web.C)Buiding a terrific BBS.D)Designing a terrific program.14. A)She learned the skills at a famous university.B)She learned the skills by herself.C)She didnt do well at school.D)She received some professional training.15. A)Let her leave immediately.B)Get an experienced man to help her.C)Fire her in a week.D)Let her get some professional training.Section CDirection: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresbonding letter on Answer sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Passage OneQuestion 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A)Sipping a glass of wine before getting into bed.B)Drinking a cup of tea one hour before sleep.C)Exercising one one or two hours before bedtime.D)Taking a hot shower half an hour before bedtime.17. A)Listen to some quiet music.B)Get out of bed till being sleepy again.C)Try to relax our mind.D)Read some interesting articles.18. A)Approaches to get a better nights sleep.B)The harm of lack of sleep.C)Effects of modern technology on sleep.D)Benefits of a good sleep.Passage TwoQuestion 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A)Her teacher found that she had great skill.B)She didnt have trouble at school any more.C)She could follow all the rules from then on.D)She found she could express herself with painting.20. A)She deposited it in the bank.B)She gave it to the sick children.C)She contributed it to charitable organization.D)She gave it out to those who needed it.21. A)He completed his biggest charity project unit now.B)He get a message from Obama and lawmakers.C)He asked for help for those homeless children in America.D)He managed to raise tens of thousand dollars.22. A)He enjoyed community service work ever since he was very little.B)Wind turbines can produce eletricity.C)Birds and bats cant stand high wind speed.D)Wind turbines can release poisonous gas.Passage ThreeQuestion 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A)It doesnt work as expected.B)It can do hram to children.C)It find out serious injuries.D)It can provide detailed image of the brian.24. A)Many children suffer greatly from brain injury.B)Many children are threatened by lung cancer.C)Children suffer more from brain injury than from cancer.D)Children have a high risk of developing cancer.25. A)When a child aged two has no broken bone in the skull.B)When a child aged ten lose consciousness.C)When a child aged one has no serious headache.D)When a child aged nien has normal mental activity.Part III Reading Comprehension （40 minutes）Section AIn families with two working parents, fathers may have more impact on a childs languagedevelopment than mothers, a new study suggests. Researchers 26 92 families from 11 child care centers before their children were a year old,interviewing each to establish income, level of education and child care arrangements. Overall,it was a group of well-educated middle-class families, with married parents both living in thehome. When the children were 2, researchers videotaped them at home in free-play sessions withboth parents, 27 all of their speech. The study will appear in the November issue of The Journalof Applied Development of Psychology. The scientists measured the 28 number of utterances (话语) of the parents, the number ofdiffe-rent words they used, the complexity of their sentences and other 29 of their speech. Onaverage, fathers spoke less than mothers did, but they did not differ in the length ofutterances or proportion of questions asked. Finally, the researchers 30 the childrens speech at age 3, using a standardized languagetest. The only predictors of high scores on the test were the mothers level of education, the 31of child care and the number of different words the father used. The researchers are 32 why the fathers speech, and not the mothers, had an effect. Its well 33 that the mothers language does have an impact, said Nadya Pancsofar, thelead author of the study. It could be that the high-functioning mothers in the study had 34 hada strong influence on their childrens speech development, Ms. Pancsofar said, or it may be thatmothers are 35 in a way we didnt measure in the study.A) already B) analyzed C) aspects D) characters E) contributing F) describing G) established H) quality I) quoted J) recording K) recruited L) total M) unconscious N) unsure O) yetSection BDefinitions of ObesityA) How does one define when a person is considered to be obese and not just somewhat overweight? Height-weight tables give anapproximateguideline as to whether one is simply overweight or has passed into the obese stage.B) The World Health Organization recommends using aformulathat takes into account a persons height and weight. The Body Mass Index (BMI) is calculated by dividing the persons weight in kilograms by the square of their height in meters, and is thus given in units of kg/m2. A BMI of 18.5-24.9 is considered to be the healthiest. A BMI of between 25 and 29.9 is considered to be overweight, while a BMI of over 30 is considered to be obese.C) However, it is recognized that this definition is limited as it does not take into account such variables as age, gender and ethnic origin, the latter being important as different ethnic groups have very different fat distributions. Another shortcoming is that it is not applicable to certain very muscular people such as athletes and bodybuilders, who can also have artificially high BMIs. Agencies such as the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) in the USA and the International Diabetes Foundation (IDF) are starting to define obesity in adults simply in terms ofwaistcircumference.Health Effects of ObesityD) Over 2023 years ago, theGreek physician Hippocrates wrote that persons who are naturally very fat are apt to die earlier than those who are slender. This observation remains very true today. Obesity has a major impact on a persons physical, social and emotional well-being. It increases the risk of developing diabetes mellitus type 2 (mature onset diabetes) and also makes Type 2 diabetes more difficult to control. Thus weight loss improves the levels of blood glucose and blood fats, and reduces blood pressure. The association between obesity and coronary heart disease is also well-known.CancerE) Furthermore, in 2023 medical researchers established a link between being overweight and certain forms of cancer, and estimated that nearly 10,000 Britons per year develop cancer as a result of being overweight. This figure was made up of 5,893 women and 3,220 men, with the strongest associations being with breast and colon cancers. However, it is thought that being overweight may also increase the risk of cancer in the reproductive organs for women and in the prostate gland for men.F) The link between breast cancer and nutritional status is thought to be due to thesteroidhormones oestrogen and progesterone, which are produced by the ovaries, and govern a womans menstrual cycle. Researchers have found that the more a woman eats, or the more sedentary her lifestyle, the higher are the concentrations of progesterone. This link could explain why women from less affluent countries have lower rates of breast cancer. Women from less affluent nations tend to eat less food and to lead lifestyles which involve more daily movement. This lowers their progesterone level, resulting in lowerpredispositionto breast cancer.G) The Times newspaper, in 2023 reported that obesity was the main avoidable cause of cancer among non-smokers in the Western world!AgingH) Research published by St Thomas Hospital, London, UK in 2023 showed a correlation between body fat and aging, to the extent that being obese added 8.8 years to a womans biological age. The effect was exacerbated by smoking, and a non-overweight woman who smokes 20 cigarettes a day for 20 years added 7.4 years to their biological age. The combination of being obese and a smoker added at least ten years to a womans biological age, and although the study only involved women, the lead researcher Professor Tim Spector believes the finding would also apply to men.I) The aging effect was determined by measuring the length of telomeres, tiny caps on the ends of chromosomes, which help protect the DNA from the ageing process. Indeed, telomeres have been dubbed the chromosomal clockbecause, as an organism ages, they become progressively shorter, and can be used to determine the age of the organism. Beyond a certain point, the telomere becomes so short that it is no longer able to prevent the DNA of the chromosome from falling apart. It is believed that excess body fat, and the chemicals present in tobacco smoke release free radicals which trigger inflammation. Inflammation causes the production of white blood cells which increases the rate of erosion of telomeres.DementiaJ) Recent research (2023) conducted in the USA shows that obesity in middle age is linked to an increased risk ofdementia, with obese people in their 40s being 74% more likely to develop dementia compared to those of normal weight. For those who are merely overweight, the lifetime risk of dementia risk was 35% higher.K) Scientists from the Aging Research Centre at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden have been able to take information such as age, number of years in education, gender, body mass index, blood pressure level, physical activity and genetic factors, assigning each a risk score. They then used this information to devise a predictive test for dementia. This test will enable people at risk, for the first time, to be able to affect lifestyle changes which will reduce their risk of contracting dementia.Other ProblemsL) The world-wide upsurge in obesity, particularly in children, is of major economic concern, liable to drain economies. Of further concern is that research conducted in Australia and published in 2023, shows that up to one third of breech pregnancies were undetected by the traditional palpation examination, the danger beinggreatest for those women who are overweight or obesea growing proportion of mothers. This means that such women are not getting the treatment required to turn the baby around in time for the birth, and in many cases require an emergency Caesarean section.M) This is a true health-care crisis, far bigger than Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and ultimately, even bigger than AIDS.36. You can judge whether one is simply overweight or has passed into the obese stage according to the height-weight table.37. Using the Body Mass Indexto define a persons weight ideal is limited,because it does not takes into account many variables such as age, gender and ethnic origin.38. A persons emotional well-being would be affected by obesity.39. Obesity has something to do with cancer in the prostate gland for man.40. Women from less affluent nations tend to have much less breast cancer.41. A non-overweight woman who smokes 20 cigarettes a day for 20 years added 7.4 years to her biological age.42. The excess body fat, like the chemicals present in tobacco smoke, can lead to inflammation.43. Obese peop