(英语)高一英语阅读理解解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)及解析.pdf

（英语）高一英语阅读理解解题技巧讲解及练习题（英语）高一英语阅读理解解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案含答案)及解析及解析一、高中英语阅读理解一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Last year,when our three-year-old great-granddaughter Kylie was taken to see Santa Claus,shemade sure to give him her wish list of toys.A week later,she ran into a different Santa in a mall.He stopped to ask what she wanted for Christmas.Kylie was surprised and let him know:“If youcant remember what I told you last week,how are you going to remember on Christmas Eve?”Mary Paul,Milwaukee,WisconsinAs my son Mike and I drove to the mall,we passed a Salvation Army Santa ringing his bell.“Mike,”I said,“theres Santa!”He shook his head.“Thats just some guy in a Santa suit,”he said.It saddened me to think that maybe my son no longer believed in Santa,and we drove the rest ofthe way in silence.At the mall,we spotted another Santa greeting young believers.Suddenly,Mike took off toward him.Turning back to me,he shouted.“Now,theres the real Santa!”Michael E.Fahey,Huntley,IllinoisWe immigrated to America from China when I was six.Because I was shy and didnt speakEnglish,I had few friends.My days were spent at home with my brother.Sometimes wed helpour neighbor Mr.Mueller pull weeds.One Christmas Day,there was a knock at the door.Grandma opened it,and there stood a big fellow in red with a snow-white beard,laughing,“Ho,ho,ho!”He handed out presents and made us laugh.I had so much fun.It was years later when Ilearned that our special Santa was our neighbor Mr.Mueller.Joanne Tang,Litchfield Park,Arizona（1）Why was Kylie surprised when running into a different Santa?A.Because she got what she wished.B.Because she knew who the Santa was.C.Because she wished to get another toy.D.Because she thought they were the same Santa.（2）What would Mikes parent feel as to Mikes different attitudes towards Santa?A.Angry.B.Sad.C.Confused.D.Understandable.（3）What did Mr.Mueller do on Christmas Day?A.He stood outside our house.B.He gave out gifts by acting as Santa.C.He continued to pull weeds.D.He stayed with us in our home.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了三个人的圣诞节经历。(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“A week later,she ran into a different Santa in a mall.Hestopped to ask what she wanted for Christmas.Kylie was surprised and let him know:If you cantremember what I told you last week,how are you going to rememberon Christmas Eve?!”可知，当 Kylie 遇到另一个圣诞老人时，她感到很惊讶，因为她认为他们是同一个圣诞老人。故选 D。(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Thats just some guy in a Santa suit,”he said.It saddenedme to think that maybe my son no longer believed in Santa,and we drove the rest of the way insilence.At the mall,we spotted another Santa greeting young believers.Suddenly,Mike took offtoward him.Turning back to me,he shouted.Now,theres the real Santa!”可知，迈克遇到一个圣诞老人，他认为这个只是穿着圣诞老人的一个人而已；但在商场，碰到另一个圣诞老人，他却认为这个是真的，所以推知父母对迈克对圣诞老人的态度感到疑惑。故选C。(3)考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“He handed out presents and made us laugh.I had somuch fun.It was years later when I learned that our special Santa was our neighbor Mr.Mueller.”可知，在圣诞节 Mr.Mueller以圣诞老人的身份送出礼物。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。2阅读理解 When Andrew Kaplan recalls,his stories leave the impression that he has managed to packmultiple lives into a single existence:A war reporter in his 20s.an army member,a successfulbusinessman and-later.the author of numerous spy novels and Hollywood scripts.Now the silver haired 78-year old has realized he would like his loved ones to have access tothose stories,even when he is no longer alive to share them.Kaplan has agreed to becomeAndyBot-a virtual person who will be:immortalized(T F5)in the cloud for hundreds,perhapsthousands of years If all goes according to plan future generations will be able to interact with himusing voicecomputing platforms of mobile devices,asking him questions,letting him tell stories and drawingupon a lifetimes worth of advice long after his physical body is gone.Someday,Kaplan,who playfully refers to himself as a pig,may be remembered as one of theworlds first digital humans.For decades,Silicon Valley futurists have sought to free humanity from the life cycle.Today,anew generation of companies is selling some approximation(近似)of virtual immortality,whichgives people the opportunity to preserve ones legacy(遗产)online forever.Kaplan is eager to become one of the worlds first virtual residents,partly because he considersthe effort a way to extend closed family bonds over multiple generations.If technology succeeds in creating emotionally intelligent digital humans,experts say,it mayforever change the way living people cooperate with computers and experience loss.AndyBotmay become one of the worlds first:meaningful examples,raising complex philosophicalquestions about the nature of immortality and the purpose of existence itself.（1）What is the purpose of the first paragraph?A.To highlight Kaplans achievements.B.To introduce the topic-AndyBot.C.To arouse readers interest in Kaplan.D.To introduce Kaplans life.（2）Why did Andrew Kaplan agree to become AndyBot?A.He wanted to share his life experience as long as possible.B.He wanted to make his loved one remember him.C.He believed this action will help with his novels.D.He could live in the cloud to continue his life.（3）What might the AndyBot do for future generations?A.He may use voice computing platforms.B.He may use a new body to go on living.C.He may offer some guidance.D.He may ask them questions.（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.Philosophical problems can be worked out by modern science.B.People can talk with their late family members freely.C.Scientists have made great progress in computer science.D.There is still a long way for digital humans to go.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科技新动态-数字人。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段可知，当安德鲁卡普兰回忆往昔的时候，他的故事让人感觉他活出了各种各样的人生：20 多岁的时候是战地记者，还是一名军人，一位成功的商人，随后又是很多间谍小说和好莱坞剧本的作者。主要介绍安德鲁卡普兰丰富多彩的人生；在根据第二段中的“Now the silver haired 78-year old has realized he would like his lovedones to have access to those stories,even when he is no longer alive to share them.Kaplan hasagreed to become“AndyBot”-a virtual person who will be”现在这位花白头发的 78 岁的老人想要他爱的人知道这些故事，甚至当他去世之后还可以分享这些故事。Kaplan 同意变成数字人，可知，第一段的内容主要是引出下文中文章的话题数字人。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Now the silver haired 78-year old has realized hewould like his loved ones to have access to those stories,even when he is no longer alive to sharethem.Kaplan has agreed to become AndyBot.a virtual person who will be”现在这位花白头发的 78 岁的老人想要他爱的人知道这些故事，甚至当他去世之后还可以分享这些故事。Kaplan 同意变成数字人，可知，卡普兰同意变成数字人是为了能更长时间的分享自己的这些故事。故选 A。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“If all goes according to plan.future generations will beable to interact with him using voice computing platforms of mobile devices,asking himquestions,letting him tell stories and drawing upon a lifetimes worth of advice long after hisphysical body is gone.”如果一切按计划进行，后代可以通过移动端的语音平台和他交流，即使他的肉体不存在后，还可以问他问题，让他讲故事以及咨询他一生经验的宝贵建议。可知卡普兰成为“数字人”后，他的后代仍能得到他一生经验的宝贵建议。故选C。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“If technology succeeds in creating emotionallyintelligent digital humans,experts say,it may forever change the way living people cooperatewith computers and experience loss.”可知，专家们说，如果科技成功地创造出高情商的数字人类，它可能会永远改变人类与电脑交互的方式，以及处理失去亲人创伤的方式，即目前的数字人类还无法拥有高情商，还是不够完美的，因此数字人技术还有很长的路要走。故选 D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 A study showed that the experiences children have in their first few years are important.Theseexperiences affect the development of the brain.When children receive more attention,theyoften have higher IQs.Babies receive information when they see,hear and feel things,whichmakes connections between different parts of the brain.There are a hundred trillion(万亿)connections in the brain of a three-year-old child.Researcher Judit Gervain tested how good newborns are at distinguishing different soundpatterns.Her researchers produced images of the brains of babies as they heard different soundpatterns.For example,one order was mu-ba-ba.This is the patternA-B-B.Another order wasmu-ba-ge.This is the pattern“A-B-C”.The images showed that the part of the brain responsiblefor speech was more active during the A-B-B pattern.This shows that babies can tell thedifference between different patterns.They also were sensitive to where it occurred in the order.Gervain is excited by these findings because the order of sounds is the building block of wordsand grammar.Position is key to language,she says.If something is at the beginning or at theend,it makes a big difference:John caught the bear.is very different from The bear caughtJohn.”Researchers led by scientist Patricia Kuhl have found that language delivered by televisions,audio books,the Internet,or smartphones no matter how educationaldoesnt appear to beenough for childrens brain development.They carried out a study of nine-month-old Americanbabies.They expected the first group whod watched videos in Chinese to show the same kind oflearning as the second group who were brought face-to-face with the same sounds.Instead theyfound a huge difference.The babies in the second group were able to distinguish between similarChinese sounds as well as native listeners.But the other babiesregardless of whether they hadwatched the video or listened to the audiolearned nothing.（1）What makes connections in a babys brain?A.Having a higher IQ.B.Experiencing new information.C.The baby early age.D.The connection with other babies.（2）What did Judit Gervain and her team find in the experiment?A.Babies identify different sound patterns.B.Word order is relevant to meaning.C.Babies can well understand different words.D.A certain brain region processes language.（3）What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 3?A.Grammar is important in learning languages.B.Different orders have different meanings.C.Different languages have different grammar.D.Words have different sounds.（4）What is the main conclusion from the study led by Patricia Kuhl?A.Babies shouldnt watch a lot of television.B.Listening to different languages develops babies brain.C.Foreign languages help babies brain develop.D.Social communication improves babies brain development.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文属于科普文章，介绍小孩最初几年的经历对大脑发育很重要，而媒介输入对孩子大脑发育效果不明显，最有效的是面对面语言输入。（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Babies receive information when they see,hear and feel things,which makes connections between different parts of the brain.可知，婴儿接收到不同信息，可以让大脑不同部分形成连接，故选B。（2）推理判断题。根据第二段The images showed that the part of the brain responsible forspeech was more active during the A-B-B pattern.This shows that babies can tell the differencebetween different patterns.可知，实验表明婴儿可以区别不同的声音模式，故选A。（3）句意猜测题。根据第三段If something is at the beginning or at the end,it makes a bigdifference:John caught the bear.is very different from The bear caught John.”可知，有些东西放在句首和句尾，会有很大的不同，比如 John 抓住了熊，和熊抓住了 John，意思是不一样的，可知本句意思为位置对于语言来说很重要的，顺序不同，意思不同，故选B。（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Researchers led by scientist Patricia Kuhl have found thatlanguage delivered by televisions,audio books,the Internet,or smartphonesno matter howeducationaldoesnt appear to be enough for childrens brain development.可知，通过电视、网络等媒介的语言教学，对于婴儿大脑发展是不够的，并且后面的实验表明，面对面的语言输入才有效，故选 D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和句意猜测三个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4阅读理解Time:2017-01-24 From: Editor:clover The head of Chinas largest online seller Alibaba does not think China and the United States willhave a trade war despite comments from the Trump administration.Jack Ma is the chairman of the Alibaba Group.At the World Economic Forum meeting in Davos,Switzerland,he said,China and(the)U.S.will never have a trade war.Give Trump some time.Hes open-minded,hes listening.The Chinese billionaire said he would do all he could to prevent trade relations between thecountries from getting worse.Last week,Ma met with Trump at the Trump Tower in New York City.The Chinese billionaire issaid to have discussed a plan to permit one million small U.S.businesses to sell goods onAlibabas online shopping platform.During the campaign and after winning the presidential election,Trump strongly criticized theChinese governments support for its businesses.He blamed unfair trade policies for taking awayU.S.jobs.And he said that China unfairly controls the exchange value of its currency,the yuan.Trump also has threatened to place import taxes on goods from China and other countries inresponse to their trade policies.According to the South China Morning Post,Ma said,American international companies mademillions and millions of dollars from globalization.He added that the U.S.should not blame theloss of jobs and companies on globalization.However,a new study by an American business group says many U.S.businesses feelunwelcome in China.The companies say the cost of doing business in China is increasing.Theyadd that rules and regulations are unclear or not enforced in a consistent way.The American Chamber of Commerce in China led the study,which looked at responses from462 companies.William Zarit is chairman of the chamber.He says trade policies in China make it difficult forAmerican companies.He says,we feel that over the last few years that weve been takenadvantage of to some extent,with our open market and the lack of open areas in the Chinesemarket.Another major concern for U.S.companies in China is fake products.Fake products are copiesof the originals that cost businesses with the legal right to sell them millions of dollars each year.Ma defended Alibabas efforts to fight fake products on its shopping platform.He said hiscompany is doing all it can to fight the problem.Fighting against fake products is a war against human greediness,Ma said.Im Mario Ritter.（1）The underline phrase“The Chinese billionaire”refers to _.A.Trump B.Jack Ma C.Mario Ritter D.Willian Zarit（2）The text likely take from the _.A.economic magazine B.trade speech C.website D.global news（3）About this passage,the most suitable title is“_”.A.Chinese Billionaire Does Not See China-US Trade WarB.The American international companies removed most tariffs on products traded between theU.S and ChinaC.Group says American businesses in China concernedD.The war about fighting against fake products【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A【解析】【分析】文章主要讲述的是中国的亿万富翁阿里巴巴集团董事长马云表示尽管川普政府发表了不少批评言论，但是中美之间不会爆发贸易战。他将尽一切努力防止两国之间的贸易关系恶化。(1)推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，划线词提到的“The Chinese billionaire”指 Jack Ma，即阿里巴巴集团董事长马云，故选B。(2)推理判断题。根据文章开头Time:2017-01-24 From: Editor:clover 及文章的时效性可知，此文来自网站，故选C。(3)主旨大意题。文章主要讲述的是中国的亿万富翁阿里巴巴集团董事长马云表示尽管川普政府发表了不少批评言论，但是中美之间不会爆发贸易战。他将尽一切努力防止两国之间的贸易关系恶化。A 项能概括全文，故选 A。【点评】考查新闻报道类短文阅读。5阅读理解 Eighty-five-year old Chinese pharmacologist(药理学家)Tu Youyou became Chinas first winnerof the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine when it was announced that she was one of threescientists awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in developingeffective drugs against parastic diseases.Tu was honored for developing artemisin（青蒿素）,a drug for malaria that has saved millionsof lives across the globe,especially in the developing world,the Nobel Assembly at karolinskaInstitue disclosed on its website on Monday.Tu,a Chinese trained