(英语)中考英语语法填空汇编专项练习及解析.pdf

（英语）中考英语语法填空汇编专项练习及解析（英语）中考英语语法填空汇编专项练习及解析一、英语语法填空汇编一、英语语法填空汇编1阅读下面短文，在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空1 个单词。Dear Ms.Zhang,Last week,my friend Liu Lei came round with a new computer game and asked to play it on mydads computer.I was worried,_（连词）I should ask my dad before I use his computer.He uses it for _（he）work,and I can only use it for my homework.The reason is thathe thinks something will go wrong if I play _（game）on it.Well,while my dad was out,we decided to _（try）out Liu Leis game.We copied itto the computer,and after we finished _（play）,we took it off the computer.However,when I_（start）the computer again to check if everything was OK,some of my dadsdocuments were missing.Then,when my dad used the computer last night,he was_（real）angry.He could no longer find the important documents anywhere.I did not tell him about_（冠词）computer game because I did not want him to beangry _（介词）me.Now I feel terrible.I am not sure whether a computer repair_（shop）can get the documents back.Should I tell him about the computer game?Should I pay to repair it?Your student,Feng Guoxing【答案】because/since/as；his；games；try；playing；started；really；the；with；shop【解析】【分析】大意：短文主要介绍了学生Feng Guoxin 在他爸爸的电脑上打游戏，结果导致了一些重要文件的丢失。爸爸很生气，因此Feng Guoxin 不知道是否该向爸爸坦白游戏的事，他为此烦恼并向张老师倾诉。（1）句意：我很担心，因为我在使用电脑之前应该问一下我爸爸。根据 I was worried 我很担心，可知是因为我在使用电脑之前应该问一下我爸爸，应用连词because/since/as 表“因为”。故答案为 because/since/as。（2）句意：他用电脑来工作。根据形容词修饰名词，可知此处应用 he 的形容词性物主代词 his 来修饰名词 work。故答案为 his。（3）句意：如果我在上面玩游戏。根据前面无不定冠词和单数限定词，可知此处应用名词 game 的复数形式 games。故答案为 games。（4）句意：我们决定试试刘磊的游戏。根据固定搭配decide to do sth.决定去做某事，可知此处应用动词 try 的原形。故答案为 try。（5）句意：在我们玩完游戏之后。根据固定搭配finish doing sth.完成做某事，可知此处应用动词 play 的 ing 形式 playing。故答案为 playing。（6）句意：然而，当我重启电脑去检查一切是否正常的时候，我爸爸的一些重要文件不见了。根据上文谓语 took，可知动作为过去发生，本句时态应为一般过去时，此处应用动词 start 的过去式 started。故答案为 started。（7）句意：他真的很生气。根据副词修饰形容词，可知此处应用形容词 real 的副词形式really 修饰形容词 angry。故答案为 really。（8）句意：我没有告诉他关于电脑游戏的事。根据 computer game 电脑游戏，可知此处特指刘磊的电脑游戏，表特指应用定冠词the。故答案为 the。（9）句意：因为我不想他对我生气。根据固定搭配be angry with sb.对某人生气，可知此处应用介词 with。故答案为 with。（10）句意：我不确定电脑维修店能不能找回不见的文件。根据不定冠词 a，可知此处应用可数名词单数 shop。故答案为 shop。【点评】考查语法填空，注意根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形，同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。2阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。A wealthy old man lived alone in a big house.He was growing _（weak）day by day.Since he was unable to look after _（him）,he decided to hire（雇佣）a nurse totake care _ him.One day,the old man interviewed two _（nurse）Anthony and Peter.Anthony wasa handsome young man while Peter looked quite ordinary.The old man asked Anthony to maketea for him.After Anthony left,the old man turned to Peter and said,Anthony has_（give）me a very bad account of you.He said you are rude and untrustworthy.Is thiscorrect?Peter thought for a minute and said,_ Anthony has a bad opinion of me,there mustbe something wrong with me.I should take some time to change these things.The old man was very impressed by Peters words.At the same time,Anthony came back with_ cup of tea for the old man.The old man sent Peter to make breakfast for him.He then returned to Anthony and told him.Peter spoke very poorly of you while you were gone._ do you think about this?Afterhearing this,Anthony shouted _（angry）.In the end,Peter _（choose）.Peter looked quite common,but he had impressiveinner beauty.【答案】weaker；himself；of；nurses；given；If；a；What；angrily；was chosen【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一个老人在录用护士时，故意挑起对方的矛盾，通过两人截然不同的反应，从而判断谁适合。（1）句意：他一天比一天虚弱。weak 是形容词，形容词修饰系动词 grow，根据 day byday 可知是比较级 weaker，故填 weaker。（2）句意：因为他不能照顾自己，他决定雇一个护士来照顾他。look after oneself，照顾自己，主语是 he，故反身代词是 himself，故填 himself。（3）句意：因为他不能照顾自己，他决定雇一个护士来照顾他。take care of，固定搭配，照顾，故填 of。（4）句意：一天，老人面试两个护士 Anthony and Peter。two 后是可数名词复习，nurse，是可数名词，故填nurses。（5）句意：安东尼对你的评价很差。根据助动词 has 可知此处是现在完成时，故填过去分词，give 的过去分词是 given，故填 given。（6）句意：如果安东尼对我有看法，我一定有什么问题。此处是条件状语从句，故是引导词 if，如果，故填 If。（7）句意：同时，安东尼给老人端了杯茶回来。cup 是名词单数，以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词 a 表示泛指，a cup of，固定搭配，一杯，故填 a。（8）句意：你对此怎么想？此处是特殊疑问句，think 后缺少宾语，故用 what 提问，故填 What。（9）句意：听到这，安东尼生气地大喊。副词修饰动词 shouted，angrily，是副词，生气地，故填 angrily。（10）句意：最后，Peter被录用。根据 Peter looked quite common，可知时态是一般过去时，choose 与主语 Peter 是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，故助动词是 was，choose 的过去分词是 chosen，故填 was chosen。【点评】考查语法填空，注意调整词性，时态，主谓一致和名词的数等。3阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式（每空最多不超过 3 个单词）。Thomas Edison was a great American _（invent）.When he was_child,hewas always asking questions and trying out new ideas.No matter_ hard it was,he nevergave up.Young Tom was in school for only three _（month）.His teacher didnt understandwhy he had so many strange questions.Most of _（they）were not about his lessons.The teacher didnt want to teach Tom any more.He asked Toms mother to take the boy home.Toms mother taught him _（read）and write,and she found him a very good student.He learnt very fast and became very _（interest）in science.One day,he saw a little boy _（play）on the railway tracks（铁轨）at a station.Atrain was coming near quickly,and the boy was too frightened（恐惧）to move.Edison rushedout and took him away _（safe）.The boys father was so thankful that he taughtEdison to send messages _telegraph（电报）.【答案】inventor；a；how；months；them；to read；interested；playing；safely；by【解析】【分析】这篇短文简要介绍了著名发明家爱迪生的生平，他因为发明了电灯，从而改变了人们的生活。并且短文详细描述了爱迪生的人格特点。（1）句意：托马斯爱迪生是一位伟大的美国发明家。根据 a great American 是形容词，故前后是名词单数，invent 是动词，名词是 inventor。故填 inventor。（2）句意：当他还是个孩子的时候，他总是问问题。child 是以辅音音素开头的单数名词，故用不定冠词 a 表示泛指。故填 a。（3）句意：无论多么困难，他都不会放弃。hard 是副词，根据语序it was 可知，nomatter how 表示无论如何的意思，引导让步状语从句。故填how。（4）句意：小汤姆只上了三个月的学。基数词three 后用复试形式months。故填months。（5）句意：他问的问题大部分都与他的功课无关。of 是介词，其后应该要用宾格形式，they 的宾格是 them。故填 them。（6）句意：汤姆的母亲教他读写。taught 是 teach 的过去式，教某人做某事 teach sb.todo sth.，故填 to read。（7）句意：她妈妈发现他是个很好的学生。他学得很快，对科学很感兴趣。对什么感兴趣 be interested in sth.是个固定短语搭配。故填interested。（8）句意：一天，他看到一个小男孩在火车站的铁轨上玩耍。saw 是 see 的过去式，看到某人在做某事应为 see sb.doing sth.，故填 playing。（9）句意：一列火车很快就要开过来了，男孩吓得不敢动。爱迪生冲过去把他带到了安全的地方。took 是 take 的过去式，take 是动词应该用副词来修饰，safe 是形容词，副词是safety。故填 safely。（10）句意：这个男孩的父亲非常感激爱迪生，教他用电报发送消息。by 通过某种方法、手段。表示传达、传递的方式或媒介。故填by。【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意名词复数，词性，介词，和see sb.doing sth 的固定搭配等多种用法。4用所给单词的适当形式填空，未给词的限填一词。I used to be strongly against telling lies.I cant stand（忍受）lies._,a white liechanged my idea.Several days ago,I invited some friends _（get）together at a bar to celebrate mybirthday.They promised to meet _at 5 p.m.When that day came,I got to _barearly.To my disappointment（失 M）,only one friend arrived by 4:50 p.m.Did they forget mybirthday?I had to keep_（wait）for them.Most of them said that they were _the way while some said they were still at home.I realized that they wouldnt come on time.At 5p.m.,there _（be）just three people with me.I sat on my chair _（happy）.How could they do this to me?They didnt care about me!I got so angry that I decided to leave.But just at that moment,a group of my _（friend）came into the room with a big cakein their hands,singing Happy birthday to you.I was so_（surprise）.Ever since then,Ididnt hate telling white lies anymore.【答案】However；to get；me；the；waiting；on；were；unhappily；friends；surprised【解析】【分析】作者曾经强烈反对说谎，无法忍受谎言。但一次他的朋友们在聚会上给他惊喜的经历让他自此以后不再讨厌善意的谎言。（1）句意：然而，一个善意的谎言改变了我的想法。前句说：我曾经强烈反对说谎。我无法忍受谎言。这里又说一个善意的谎言改变了我的想法，说明出现了转折，这里不是并列句，位于句首逗号前，用however，但是，故填 However。（2）句意：几天前，我邀请了一些朋友聚在酒吧庆祝我的生日。invite sb to do 意为邀请某人做，故填 to get。（3）句意：他们答应在下午 5 点见我。他们是要来赴约见我，动词meet 后加人称代词宾格做宾语，我，me 是宾格，故填 me。（4）句意：那天到了，我早早到了酒吧。名词 bar 意为酒吧，这里是特指，表示就是那个要开派对的酒吧，用定冠词the，故填 the。（5）句意：我不得不一直等他们。keep doing，一直做，wait，动词，等待，动名词是waiting，故填 waiting。（6）句意：他们中的大多数人说他们在路上，而有些人说他们还在家里。on the way，在路上，表示他们还没到，还在路上，故填on。（7）句意：下午 5 点，只有三个人和我在一起。这是 there be 句型，陈述过去的事情用一般过去时，最近的主语是people，对应的 be 动词是 were，故填 were。（8）句意：我不开心地坐在椅子上。没来多少人我肯定不开心，根据How could they dothis to me?可知是不开心，副词修饰动词sat，unhappily，是副词，不开心地，故填unhappily。（9）句意：但就在那一刻，我的一群朋友带着一块大蛋糕走进房间，唱着祝你生日快乐。a group of 修饰可数名词复数，故填friends。（10）句意：我是如此的惊讶。这里是在 be 动词后加形容词表示状态，形容词 surprised意为惊讶的，故填 surprised。【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。5阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。Dear readers,Once,I had to call the firefighters to put out a fire.I still remember how fast it made my heartbeat,_it was a small fire.I was glad and thankful when the firefighters put itout_（quick）.Firefighters help in all kinds of sudden serious and_（danger）events or situations.Isaw firefighters carrying people from their flooded homes while_（watch）the newstoday.Often,they are the first helpers when_accident happens.Some firefighters trainto help people and pets that fall into frozen lakes.To prepare for real-life rescue like this one,theymust practice putting_ice suits,working with ropes,and using hand signals tocommunicate.If you want to learn more about these_（/brev/）men and women,readthe articleDanger!Rescue on Thin Ice.Where would we be without the first helpers?Maybe youll _（/dun/）me thismonth in finding a way to thank them.Giving a card,a drawing,or a plate of cookies to your localfire_（/sten/）could be the start of a new tradition for your families andour_（hero）will be thankful for it.Happy holidays!Your friend,Christine【答案】though/although；quickly；dangerous；watching；an；on；brave；join；station；heroes【解析】【分析】（1）句意：我仍然记得它使我的心跳得有多快，尽管那是个小火。根据两句话的意思是转折，故填 though/although。（2）句意：当消防员迅速扑灭时，我很高兴也很感激。被填的的词修饰动词词组putout，应用副词，quick 的副词 quickly。故填 quickly。（3）句意：消防员在各种突发的严重和危险事件或情况中提供帮助。名词events orsituations事件或情况前用形容词，danger的形容词 dangerous，故填 dangerous。（4）句意：我今天看到消防员从被淹的房子里抬着人看新闻。固定搭配 while doing 当做某事的时候，watch 的现在分词 watching，故填 watching。（5）句意：当事故发生时，他们往往是第一批帮助者。可数名词单数前应用 a/an，a 用在辅音读音开头的的单词前，an 用在元音读音开头的的单词前；故填an。（6）句意：他们必须练习穿上冰衣。固定搭配，put on，穿上，故填 on。（7）句意：如果你想更多地了解这些勇敢的男人和女人，读这篇文章。根据音标/brev/可知是 brave 勇敢的，故填 brave。（8）句意：也许这个月你会和我一起感谢他们。根据音标/dun/可知应是 join，加入，故填 join。（9）句意：送一张卡片，一张画，或者一盘饼干到当地的消防站可能是你的家人新传统的开始。根据音标/sten/，可知 是 station，站，故填 station。（10）句意：我们的英雄会感激它的。根据上 文 helpers 是复数，他们是英雄，hero 的复数是 heroes，故填 heroes。【点评】本题考查单词在语境中的运用，需要根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形，同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。6阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。People spend almost a third of their lives doing one thing sleeping.Every year,there is a dayfor people around the world to celebrate the _（important）of good and healthysleepWorld Sleep Day.Sleep is like food for the brain.Healthy sleep helps the body and brain grow and develop.People of different ages need different amounts of sleep.It is said that eight hours per night_（consider）the average amount of sleep.For students aged 10 to 17,a healthyamount is about eight to nine hours per night.However,last year,the China Youth and ChildrenResearch Center _（report）that about four _（five）of middle schoolstudents didnt get enough sleep.For some students,they want to sleep early,but they keep_（worry）about their schoolwork and cant fall _（sleep）quickly.A lack（缺乏）of sleep can greatly affect（影响）a persons life.Students who dont get enoughsleep may get poor grades.They cannot pay attention in class or do well in sports._（solve）this kind of problem,scientists advise that students should have _（little）schoolwork and more time to sleep.There are some other ways to help people getenough sleep,such as _（take）a 20-minute nap（午睡）during the day,trying to goto sleep earlier and so on.Good sleeping habits are also _（help）.For example,try togo to sleep and wake up at the same time every day,even on weekends and during the day.【答案】importance；is considered；reported；fifths；worrying/worried；asleep；Tosolve；less；taking；helpful【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇与睡眠有关的短文，讲述了睡眠与健康的关系，不同年龄的人需要不同的睡眠时间，中国青少年学生的睡眠现状以及解决措施等。（1）句意：每年，世界各地都有一个节日来庆祝良好健康睡眠的重要性世界睡眠日。由前面的定冠词 the，可知此处应填入一个名词，important 是形容词“重要的”，与其对应的名词是 importance“重要”，故答案填 importance。（2）句意：据说每晚 8 小时的睡眠时间被认为是平均睡眠时间。由题干可知主语eighthours 与动词 consider 之间存在被动关系，所以应用被动语态，文章时态为一般现在时，时间作主语谓语动词用单数，所以 be 动词用 is，consider 的过去分词是 considered，故答案填 is considered。（3）句意：然而，去年中国青少年研究中心报道。由 last year 可知，动词时态用一般过去时，report 的过去式为 reported，故答案填 reported。（4）句意：大约五分之四的中学生睡眠不足。这里考查分数的表达方法，在英语中一般用基数词表示分数的分子，用序数词表示分数的分母；当分子大于 1 时，分母要用复数形式，所以五分之四的正确书写是four fifths，故答案填 fifths。（5）句意：对于一些学生来说，他们想早点睡觉，但是他们总是担心他们的学业。keepdoing sth.或者 keep+形容词，都表示“使处于某种状态”，worried，是形容词，故答案填worrying/worried。（6）句意：他们不能很快入睡。联系上文语境，结合提示词可知此处句意为“他们不能很快入睡。”“入睡”fall asleep，固定词组，前面有情态动词cant，所以这里用动词原形，故答案填 asleep。（7）句意：为了解决这类问题。这里应用动词不定式表示目的，故答案填To solve。（8）句意：科学家建议学生应该少做功课，多睡觉。根据后面的more time to sleep 可知此处应表达的是“作更少的功课”，句中暗含比较级，little 的比较级为 less，故答案填 less。（9）句意：比如白天小睡20 分钟。such as 意思是“比如”，as 是介词后接动词 ing 形式，故答案填 taking。（10）句意：良好的睡眠习惯也很有帮助。前面有系动词are，后接形容词作表语，help“帮助”，动词，与其对应的形容词是helpful“有帮助的、有益的”，故答案填 helpful。【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。7阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Nowadays,with the development of Internet technology,two-dimensional code（二维码）isvery popular among us.Its also _（call）quick response code（QR code）.Its agroup of black square dots on a white background.This special code was invented _ aJapanese company in 1994.Its _（wide）used all over the world.QR code is used _（store）information.It can also store pictures.It is easy to use aQR code.If you want to get the information,just take out your cellphone and scan（扫描）thecode by a special app,and then you can get _ easily.Today,QR codcs are popular in China.There are QR codes on televisions and the Internet.Thecodes have been used and printed on Chinese train tickets _ 2010.When a machinescans the code on the ticket,information of the ticket owner and the train _（appear）on the screen in a few seconds.QR codes have many special uses.For example,in 2008,_ Japanese company plannedto put QR codes on gravestones（墓碑）.By scanning the code,visitors could get informationabout the departed（去世的）person.Recently,special cards _ QR codes wereintroduced to old people in some cities in China.If they get _（lose）,people can knowabout their names,addresses and telephone numbers of their family members by scanning thecodes.【答案】called；by；widely；to store；it；since；will appear；a；with；lost【解析】【分析】本文讲述了二维码的应用。（1）句意：它也叫做快速响应码。根据 call 与主语是被动关系，已有助动词 is，故此处是过去分词，故填 called。（2）句意：这种特殊代码是 1994 年一家日本公司发明的。根据 was invented 是被动语态可知用介词 by，被，故填 by。（3）句意：全世界都广泛地使用它。副词修饰动词used，widely 是副词，故填widely。（4）句意：二维码码用于储存信息。be used to do，被用来做某事，故此处是不定式，故填 to store。（5）句意：那么你可以很容易地得到信息。information 是不可数名词，故此处用 it 指代，做宾语，故填 it。（6）句意：自从 2010 年以来，这些代码已经被使用并印在中国火车票上。根据 Thecodes have been used 可知时态是现在完成时，since+时间点 2010，是现在完成时的标志，故填 since。（7）句意：当机器扫描火车票上的代码时，几秒钟后火车票所有者和火车的信息就会出现在屏幕上。when 引导的时间状语从句，时态是主将从现，故此处的主句是将来时 will+动词原形，故填 will appear。（8）句意：例如，2008 年，一家日本公司计划在墓碑上贴二维码。Japanese 是名词单数，用辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a，表示泛指，故填 a。（9）句意：近年来，我国部分城市向老年人推出了二维码专用卡。此处缺少介词，做后置定语，根据 special cards和 QR codes 可知是一种携带关系，with，有，故填 with。（10）句意：如果他们迷路了，人们可以通过扫描密码知道他们的家庭成员的姓名、地址和电话号码。get lost，迷路，固定搭配，故填lost。【点评】考查语法填空，注意适当调整词性，时态和介词等用法。8阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。At about thirteen years old,I felt very lonely.I didnt like my classmates,my parents or anyoneelse.My classmates didnt want to talk _ me and my parents were always saying thatother kids were _（good）than me.I thought I was the _（luck）person inthe world.One day I had a big fight with one of my classmates.I was so angry _ I hit him in theface.Just at that moment,a boy stood up and _（stop）the fight.He was the monitorof our class.After that,he often helped me and we became good _（friend）.Whenever I got angry or sad,he would help _（I）to cool down.My life began