(英语)高三英语阅读理解各地方试卷集合汇编含解析.pdf

（英语）高三英语阅读理解各地方试卷集合汇编含解析（英语）高三英语阅读理解各地方试卷集合汇编含解析一、高中英语阅读理解一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 The summer before my dad died,we moved house.Up until that point,our family had our ownspace to spread out.Money was tight,so there was no television set,but we owned a turntableon which my dads records played constantly.Mostly,it played Bob Dylan.Tracks from TheBasement Tapes and Desire became an important part of our new life.My brother and I,aged 8and 10,climbed trees,built hideaways and learned the words of Clothes Line Saga.We wouldchant over the,lost in our own joy.It was January when my dad left us forever because of the cancer.He was 36 going on 37 then,the same age as Dylan.Afterwards,our laughter disappeared,but we kept on playing the records,which became our only ritual of remembrance.The two men became so intertwined in my head,I struggled to tell them apart.Dylan was my dads gift to me.What child wouldnt be fascinated by songs full of pirates andseasick sailors?How did it feel to have No direction home?Farewell,Angelina became my party-piece.I would sing this at church cheese and wines to the assembled audience.A lot of donationswere made.Growing up,I remained a fan of the music,but I wasnt obsessed with Dylan until one day inearly 1995,my brother bought us both tickets to see him play at Brixton Academy.London feltlike a long way to go.But finally seeing Dylan step out onto the stage brought a sudden rush ofexcitement.I have seen Dylan a couple of times since.My brother is not around so much these days.But hewas up for a visit recently.We passed a happy evening laughing and drinking,while his son,agednine,performed his partypiece Subterranean Homesick Blues for us.He sang it word-perfect.And so it goes on:Dylans music as a gift,passed down the generations.（1）Whats the authors purposed of writing the passage?A.To praise his late father.B.To tell about his family history.C.To express his longing for family reunion.D.To show his love for Bob Dylan.（2）The underlined word“ritual”in the second paragraph means“_”.A.passion B.ceremony C.memory D.belief（3）How did the author raise money in his childhood?A.By singing a Dylans song at church gatherings.B.By providing cheese and wines to churchprayers.C.By playing a private in church performances.D.By accepting donations from the church.（4）The recent visit of the authors brother indicates that _.A.his nephew was ever invited to play in Dylans concertB.his brother has never seen a liveperformance of DylanC.Dylans music has influenced three generations of his familyD.Subterranean HomesickBlues is always his favourite song【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者表达自己对Bob Dylan 的爱Bob Dylan 的音乐影响了很多代人，作者曾经在教堂聚会上唱迪伦的歌来筹集钱。(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Tracks from The Basement Tapes and Desire became animportant part of our new life.”；第二段中的“we kept on playing the records,which becameour only ritual of remembrance.”以及第三段中的“Dylan was my dads gift to me.”和最后一段中的“Dylans music as a gift,passed down the generations”等信息讲述了作者从小到大一直以来对 Bob Dylan 的喜欢和热爱，故选 D。(2)考查词义猜测。此处指父亲去世后我们的笑声消失了，但我们继续播放 Bob Dylan 的唱片，这成了我们唯一的记忆仪式。“ritual”指仪式，与 ceremony 同义，故选 B。(3)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“I would sing this at church cheese and wines to theassembled audience.A lot of donations were made.”可知作者在童年的时候通过在教堂聚会上唱迪伦的歌来筹钱，故选A。(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“But he was up for a visit recently.We passed a happyevening laughing an drinking,while his son,aged nine,performed his partypiece SubterraneanHomesick Blues for us.和 Dylans music as a gift,passed down the generations.”可知哥哥带着儿子拜访 Bob Dylan 及儿子演唱他的歌表明Bob Dylan 对作者一家三代人的影响。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。2阅读理解 It has been discovered that after the age of sixteen,the number of our brain cells begins todecrease at a speed of several million a year.They simply die off.In certain types of activity,thehuman brain is at its highest point in the early twenties,when it has collected enoughinformation to be able to use the vast number of cells freely in the most effective way.Puremathematics is one of the fields in which this happens,and we know that Albert Einstein madeall his world-shaking discoveries between the age of about 20 and 25,and spent the rest of hislife tidying them up and arranging them.But in certain other types of activity(of which being an author is perhaps one),experience ismore important than sharpness of brain,and there one usually finds that a person reaches his orher peak much later in life.Besides sharpness of brain and experience,here is another thing that is very important,andthat is wisdom.One can have a very quick,inventive brain and plenty of experience,but if oneuses these foolishly,one harms both oneself and others.Wisdom does not always come with agethere are plenty of foolish middle-aged people aboutbut the average person tends tolearn wisdom as he gets older,usually by making painful of embarrassing mistakes.Leaning to bewise is basically learning what is not possible;and what is possible but so difficult that it is notworth all the trouble one has to go through to get there.Mostly,it is learning about humannature;how real people behave and react,as against how one would like them to behave andreact.One can read and hear lot of idealistic stuff about how to make the world a better place,which would be found if it was based on an accurate observation of human nature,but which isbasically a waste of time because it is not.（1）According to the writer,the great discoveries made by Albert Einstein were mainly a resultin_.A.years of hard workB.sharpness of the brainC.rich experienceD.his deep understanding of the nature（2）Some people achieve success much later in life because .A.their work often requires much experienceB.they do not have a chance to show their talentsC.they have to learn lessons from failuresD.they fail to realize earlier the importance of hard work（3）The importance of wisdom lies in the fact that .A.it helps to avoid various mistakesB.it contributes to ones creativityC.it encourages one to go forward in face of difficultyD.it provides the right direction of efforts（4）The writer came to believe that .A.it is always a waste of time to make plans about the futureB.it is human nature to make attempts on what looks impossibleC.one should always challenge the impossible to push the society forwardD.one has to use wisdom in deciding what is the best thing to do【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人类的大脑在20 岁左右于巅峰，在以后的成就多数是因为需要丰富的经验。除了头脑敏锐和经验丰富外，智慧也非常重要，因为智慧为人们提供了正确的努力方向。人们要用智慧来决定做什么才是最好的。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段“It has been discovered that after the age of sixteen,thenumber of our brain cells begins to decrease at a speed of several million a year.They simply dieoff.In certain types of activity,the human brain is at its highest point in the early twenties,.andwe know that Albert Einstein made all his world-shaking discoveries between the age of about 20and 25,and spent the rest of his life tidyi ng them up and arranging them.”人们发现，16 岁以后，我们的脑细胞数量开始以每年几百万的速度减少。在某些类型的活动中，人类的大脑在 20 岁早期处于巅峰状态,.我们知道阿尔伯特爱因斯坦在 20 到 25 岁之间做出了所有震惊世界的发现。用余生来整理和安排这些发现。根据对爱因斯坦所的发现可知，他的伟大的发现是在 20-25 岁之间，更是印证了人类大脑在 20 年代初达到了巅峰，可推断出，本段主要研究人类大脑巅峰期，故选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段“But in certain other types of activity(of which being anauthor is perhaps one),experience is more important than sharpness of brain,and there oneusually finds that a person reaches his or her peak much later in life.”但在某些其他类型的活动中(作家可能是其中一种)，经验比头脑的敏捷更重要，人们通常会发现一个人在他一生的晚期才达到顶峰。可推断出有些人在晚年取得成功是因为他们的工作中往往需要很多经验。故选 A。（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Besides sharpness of brain and experience,here isanother thing that is very important,and that is wisdom.Leaning to be wise is basically learningwhat is not possible；and what is possible but so difficult that it is not worth all the trouble onehas to go through to get there.Mostly,it is learning about human nature；how real peoplebehave and react,as against how one would like them to behave and react.”除了敏锐的头脑和丰富的经验外，还有一件事是非常重要的，那就是智慧。学习成为智者，要基本的了解什么是不可能的；学习有可能但又很困难的东西，以至于不值得一个人为了达到目的而付出所有的努力。最重要的是了解人性，了解真实的人是如何行为和反应的，以及人们希望他们如何行为和反应的。由此可推断出智慧的重要性在于智慧能让人知道什么可做，什么不能做，即为人提供正确的努力方向。故选D。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Leaning to be wise is basically learning what is notpossible；and what is possible but so difficult that it is not worth all the trouble one has to gothrough to get there.Mostly,it is learning about human nature；how real people behave andreact,as against how one would like them to behave and react.One can read and hear lot ofidealistic stuff about how to make the world a better place,which would be found if it was basedon an accurate observation of human nature,”成为智者，要大体上知道什么是不可能的。学习有可能但又如此困难的东西，以至于不值得一个人为了达到目的而付出所有的努力。最重要的是学习人性，了解真实的人是如何行为和反应的，以及人们希望他们如何行为和反应的。人们可以读到和听到很多关于如何使世界变得更美好的理想主义的东西.由此可推断出聪明的人必须运用智慧来决定最好要做什么事。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解Learning,Fast and Deep Over the past five years researchers in artificial intelligence have become the rock stars of thetechnology world.A branch of AI known as deep learning,which uses neural(神经的)networks toscan through large volumes of data looking for patterns,has proven so useful that skilledpractitioners can command high six-figure salaries to build software for Amazon,Apple,Facebookand Google.The standard route into these jobs has been a PhD in computer science from one of Americastop universities.Earning one takes years and requires a personality suited to academia,which israre among more normal folk.That is changing.Last month fast.ai,a non-profit education organization based in San Francisco,kicked off thethird year of its course in deep learning.Since its foundation it has attracted more than 100,000students around the globe from India to Nigeria.The course and others like it,come with asimple idea:there is no need to spend years obtaining a PhD in order to practise deep learning.Creating software that learns can be taught as a craft,not as a high intellectual pursuit to beundertaken only in an ivory tower.Fast.ais course can be completed in just seven weeks.To make it accessible to anyone who wants to learn how to build AI software is the aim ofJeremy Howard,who founded fast.ai with Rachel Thomas,a mathematician.He says schoolmathematics is sufficient.No.Greek.Letters,Mr.Howard intones,pounding the table with hisfist for punctuation.Some experts worry that this will serve only to create a flood of unreliable AI systems whichwill be useless at best and dangerous at worst.In the earliest days of the Internet,only a selectfew nerds,namely computer holies with specific skills,could build applications.Not many peopleused them.Then the invention of the World Wide Web led to an explosion of web pages,bothgood and bad.But it was only by opening up to all that the Internet gave birth to online shopping,instant global communications and search.If Mr.Howard and others have their way,making thedevelopment of AI software easier will bring forth a new crop of fruit of a different kind.（1）What can we learn about deep learning?A.It replaces artificial intelligence.B.It attracts rock stars to practice.C.It scans patterns for large companies.D.It helps technicians to create software.（2）Fast.ai is an organization that .A.ensures one to obtain a PhDB.teaches craft in ivory towerC.offers a course in deep learningD.requires weeks to apply（3）The underlined words No.Greek.Lettersin Paragraph 5 means doing fast.ai course is .A.easy B.difficult C.interesting D.boring（4）It can be inferred from the last paragraph that .A.it is quite reliable for anyone to grasp artificial intelligenceB.the Internet has brought forth a flood of useless AI systemsC.opening up to all leads to instant global search and online shoppingD.simplifying software development may result in unexpected outcomes【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，人工智能的深度学习被证明很有用，霍华德和数学家托马斯一起创办的非营利性教育机构致力于让深度学习变得简单。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”A branch of AI known as deep learning,which usesneural networks to scan through large volumes of data looking for patternsbuild software forAmazon,Apple,Facebook and Google.“可知 AI 技术的一个分支、运用神经网络处理大量数据并从中寻找模式的深度学习被证明非常有用，亚马逊、苹果、Facebook 和谷歌愿意开出六位数高薪，聘请熟练的专业人员编写软件。这说明深度学习能帮助编写软件，故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的”Last month fast.ai,a non-profit education organizationbased in San Francisco,kicked off the third year of its course in deep learning.“可知。上月，位于旧金山的非营利性教育机构 fast.ai 进入了它开办深度学习课程的第三年。也就是说 fast.ai 是一个提供深度学习课程的组织，故选C。（3）考查句义猜测。根据五段中的”To make it accessible to anyone who wants to learn Hesays school mathematics is sufficient.“可知让深度学习不再神秘是杰里米霍华德的目标，为此，他和数学家雷切尔托马斯一起创立了 fast.ai，让任何想学习编写 AI 软件的人都能学习这门技术。霍华德说有中学数学知识就足够了。这说明 fast.ai 的课程很简单，仅需要中学数学知识。因此霍华德说No.Greek.Letters”没有，希腊，字母“是想说 fast,ai 的深度学习课程很简单。故选 A。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”If Mr Howard and others have their way,making thedevelopment of AI software easier will bring forth a new crop of fruit of a different kind.“如果霍华德和其他人如愿以偿，那么让 AI 软件开发变得更容易将会催生出一批新的不同的果实。由此推断简化软件开发可能会导致意料之外的结果。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。4阅读理解 On average,Americans spend about 10 hours a day in front of a computer or other electronicdevices and less than 30 minutes a day outdoors.That is a claim made by David Strayer,aprofessor of psychology at the University of Utah.In his 2017 TED Talk,Strayer explained that allthis time spent with technology is making our brains tired.Using an electronic device to answer emails,listen to the news and look at Facebook puts a lotof pressure on the front of the brain,which,Strayer explains,is important for critical(有判断力的)thinking,problem-solving and decision-making.So,it is important to give the brain a rest.And being in naure,Strayer claims,helps get a tiredbrain away from too much technology.More than 15,000 campers from around the worldattended an international camping festival in September.That is when friends and family taketime off and escape to nature for several days.They take walks,climb,explore,swim,sleep,eatand play.Camping may be just what a tired brain needs.Take Carl for example.He lives in West Virginia and enjoys camping.He says that stayingoutdoors makes him feel at ease.It also prepares him for the work he must do.Kate Somers isanother example who also lives in West Virginia.She says she enjoys camping with her husbandand two children.She calls it a“regenerative”experience.At the University of Utah,David Strayer has studied both short-term and long-term exposure tonature.He found that spending short amounts of time in nature without technology does calmthe brain and helps it to remember better.However,he found,it is the long-term contact withnature that does the most good.He and his research team found that spending three days innature without any technology is enough time for the brain to fully relax and reset itself.（1）What is David Strayers opinion?A.Americans dislike outdoor activities.B.Electronic equipment should be quitted.C.New technologies are a double-edged sword.D.Electronic equipment brings great convenience.（2）Why does Strayer insist we go outdoors?A.To try another lifestyle.B.To refresh our brain.C.To make better decisions.D.To play with our f