(英语)高中英语阅读理解答题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析.pdf

（英语）高中英语阅读理解答题技巧及练习题（英语）高中英语阅读理解答题技巧及练习题(含答案含答案)及解析及解析一、高中英语阅读理解一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Scientists have discovered a monster black hole so massive that,in theory,it shouldnt exist.Its a stellar black holethe type that forms after stars die,collapse,and explode.Researchershad previously believed that the size limit was no more than 20 times the mass of our sunbecause 8S these stars die,they lose most of their mass through explosions that expel matter andgas swept away by stellar winds This theory has now been toppled by LB-1,the newly discovered black hole.Located about15.000 light years away,it has a mass 70 times greater than our sun,according to a press releasefrom the Chinese Academy of Sciences.The findings were published by Chinese researchers in the journal Nature on Wednesday.Black boles of such mass should not even exist in our galaxy,according to most of the currentmodels of stellar evolution,said Liu Jifeng,head of the team that made the discovery.LB-1 istwice as massive as what we thought possible.Now theorists will have to take up the challenge ofexplaining its formation.Scientists are now scratching their heads at how LB-1 got so huge.The Chinese team has proposed a number of theories.LB-1 sheer size suggests that it was notformed from the collapse of only one star,the study said instead,it could potentially be twosmaller black holes orbiting each other.Another possibility is that it formed from fallback supermova.This is when a supernomathe last stage of an exploding star ejects material during the explosion,which then falls backinto the supernova,creating a black hole.This fallback formation is theoretically possible but scientists have never been able to prove orobserve it.If this is how LB-1 formed,then we may have direct evidence for this process for thefirst time,the study said.There are several types of black holes and stellar black holes like LB-1 are on the smaller side,according to NASA.Supermassive black holes are much biggerthey can be billions of times themass of our sun,Scientists believe supermassive black holes may be connected to the formation of galaxies,asthey often exist at the center of the mass star stems but it is still not clear exactly how,or whichform first.（1）Why does the writer write the article?A.To report the great achievement Chinese scientists have made in black hole theory,B.To inform the readers of the basic knowledge about the black hole,C.To share with the readers the new development of the black hole discovery,D.To demonstrate the significance of discovering new black holes for science.（2）Which of the following about LB-1 is true to the passage?A.It is the biggest black hole ever discovered.B.It lost only a small part of its mass through explosion.C.It couldnt have been formed from the collapse of one star.D.Its discovery may lead to some breakthrough in the fallback formation theory.（3）Which of the following is right according to the passage?A.If the sun in our galaxy dies some of its mass will be taken away by stellar winds.B.A massive supernova will be formed and then exploded if the sun in our galaxy dies.C.The Milky Way was formed after a supermassive black hole collapsed and exploded.D.If the Milky Way dies,a supermassive black hole will be formed after its death.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了科学家们已经发现了一个“巨型黑洞”，其质量之大，在理论上是不应该存在。但这个理论现在已经被新中国科学家发现的黑洞 LB-1所推翻。科学家们现在正绞尽脑汁研究 LB-1 是如何变得如此巨大的，并介绍了几种可能性的理论。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Scientists have discovered a monster black hole somassive that,in theory,it shouldnt exist.”可知，科学家们已经发现了一个“巨型黑洞”，其质量之大，在理论上是不应该存在；再根据第三段“This theory has now been toppled by LB-1,the newly discovered black hole.Located about 15.000 light years away,it has a mass 70 timesgreater than our sun,according to a press release from the Chinese Academy of Sciences.”可知，但这个理论现在已经被新中国科学家发现的黑洞 LB-1 所推翻。根据中国科学院的一份新闻稿，它位于 15000 光年之外，质量是太阳的 70 倍。所以判断出作者写这篇文章的目的是与读者分享黑洞发现的新进展，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“If this is how LB-1 formed,then we mayhavedirect evidence for this process for the first time.”可知，如果这就是 LB-1 的形成过程，那么我们可能首次有了“这一过程的直接证据”。所以 LB-1 这一发现可能会给“后援形成理论”带来一些突破。故选D。（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“because 8S these stars die,they lose most of theirmass through explosions that expel matter and gas swept away by stellar winds.”可知，因为这些恒星会死亡，它们大部分质量因爆炸而损失，恒星风会把爆炸释放出来的物质和气体吹走。所以如果我们星系中的太阳死亡，它的一部分质量会被恒星风吹走。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 About aspirin:Aspirin is a commonly used drug which can be taken to relieve discomfort caused by numerousmedical problems including headaches,toothache,inflammation and infections.It is also suitableto treat colds and flu-like symptoms,and to reduce a high temperature.Who can take aspirin?Adults and children over 16 years of age.Who should not take aspirin?Women who are pregnant,or plan to become pregnant.Aspirin may harm your unborn baby.Women who are breast-feeding.Aspirin can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby.People who have any problems with the way the liver works or with the way the kidneys work.How to take aspirin:Take aspirin after meals,with a full glass of water or milk.The recommended dose(剂量)ranges from two to three tablets at a time.Never take morethan 4g 12 tablets)in any 24-hour period.You must not take these tablets with any other medicine which contains any aspirin orpainkiller.How to store aspirin:Keep all medicines out of the reach and sight of children.Store aspirin in a cool,dry place,away from direct heat and light.Do not put aspirin in the bathroom because the dampness there can cause it to lose itseffectiveness.Throw away aspirin that smells strongly of vinegar.Possible side effects:Feeling sick,increased risk of bleeding,stomach pain,indigestion and heartburn are common.If these effects continue,contact your doctor.Ringing in the ears,difficulty breathing,dizziness,and mental confusion are rare.If these occur,stop taking the drug and contact your doctor for further advice.（1）In which case will you take aspirin according to the text?A.Stomachache.B.Fever.C.Breathlessness.D.Nosebleed.（2）How many times can you take aspirin at most in a day?A.6.B.5.C.4.D.3.（3）What type of writing is this text?A.A hospital announcement.B.A medical report.C.A doctors suggestions list.D.Medical instructions.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍阿司匹林的作用和注意事项。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“It is also suitable to treat colds and flu-like symptoms,and to reducea high temperature.”可知，阿司匹林可以退烧，故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The recommended dose(剂量)ranges from two tothree tablets at a time.Never take more than 4g 12 tablets in any 24-hour period.”可知，每次2-3 片，一天不能超过 12 片，最多六次，故选 A。（3）考查主旨大意。本文属于说明文，介绍阿司匹林的作用和注意事项，因而是一篇药物使用说明书，故选 D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇药物使用说明书，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 Teens dont understand the big fuss(小题大做).As the first generation to grow up in a wiredworld they hardly know a time when computers werent around,and they eagerly catch thechance to spend hours online,chatting with friends,so what?But researchers nationwide are increasingly worried that teens are becoming isolated,lessskillful at person-to-per son relationships,and perhaps numb to the cheatings that are so much apart of the e-mail world.And a teens sense of self and values may be changed in a world wherepersonal connections can be limitless,said Shetty Turkle.Another researcher,Robert Kraut,said hes worried about the opportunity costs of so muchonline time for youths.He found that teens who used computers,even just a few hours a week,showed increased signs of loneliness and social isolation.Chatting online may be better thanwatching television,but its worse than hanging out with real friends,he said.Todays teens,however,dont see anything strange in the fact that the computer takes up acentral place in their social lives.School is busy and full of pressure.Theres almost no time tojust hang out,said Parker Rice,17 Talking online is just to catch time.Teens say they feel good about what they say online or taking the lime to think about a reply.Some teens admit that asking someone for a date,or breaking up,can be easier in message form,though they dont want to do so.But they insist theres no harm.（1）The researchers argue that .A.teens develop a different sense of values B.nothing is wrong with teens chatting onlineC.teens can manage their social connections D.spending hours online does much goo d toteens（2）Teens think that talking online can help them .A.use computers properlyB.improve their school workC.develop an interest in social skills D.reduce their mental pressures（3）The text mainly deals with .A.teens pleasant online experience B.teens computer skills and school workC.the effects of the computer world on teens D.different opinions on teens chatting online（4）Which of the following is TRUE?A.Teens are more skillful at person-to-person relationships.B.Teens showed decreasingsigns of loneliness and social isolation.C.Chatting online is worse than hanging out with real friends.D.Asking someone for a date,or breaking can be more difficult in message form.（5）The purpose of the text is to .A.de scribe computer re se arch re suits B.draw attention to teens computer habitsC.suggest ways to deal with problem teens D.discuss problems teens have at school【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）D（4）C（5）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了网络对青少年造成的不良影响,希望引起社会关注。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“And a teens sense of self and values may be changed ina world where personal connections can be limitless”可知，全国各地的研究人员认为青少年可能会形成不同的价值观。故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“School is busy and full of pressures.Theres almostno time to just hang out.”said Parker Rice,17.“Talking online is just catch time.”可知，青少年认为上网聊天可以帮助他们减少精神压力。故选D。（3）考查主旨大意。第一段提出主题，青少年花费很长时间在网上聊天；第二到四段讲述几种对青少年上网聊天的不同观点；最后一段讲述青少年的个人对上网聊天的看法，综上所述可知，文章主要讲述了有关青少年上网聊天的几种不同观点。故选D。（4）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Chatting online may be better than watching television,but its worse than hanging out with real friends”可知，网上聊天可能比看电视好但是比起与真正的朋友闲逛更糟糕。故选C。（5）考查写作目的。纵观全文可知，作者通过客观描述人们青少年上网的几种不同的观点，作者客观地表达了青少年上网的坏处，也就不难推断文章的写作目的是为了引起人们对青少年上网习惯的注意。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，写作目的和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文进行推理，概括，从而选出正确答案。4阅读理解 In Shanghais Grand Theater,a fashionable,mainly young audience applauds enthusiastically asGuo Yong takes center stage.He holds a large bushy tree branch with leaves.Blowing on one ofthe leaves,he produces a sound like the singing of birds as he plays a traditional Buyi folk song.Some other musicians are also playing the traditional instruments from various ethnic groups inChina.Its the first time such music has ever been performed in the Grand Theater.But all this is theefforts of Zhu Zheqin,a Cantonese-born singer;who has made it her mission to help preserveChinas traditional ethnic music.Several years ago,after being appointed a United Nations Development Program ambassador,Zhu traveled through some of Chinas remotest regions in an attempt to document the traditionalmusic of various minority groups.In the course other four-month trip,she recorded more than athousand songs.But she noticed that many of the best musicians were old,and some of themusic was at risk of dying out.I was shocked the beauty of what I heard-it was so good,she says.But it needed support.Ihope to let people see the beauty of these things in the contemporary times.So Zhu decided to introduce some of the musicians to a wider audience.By doing this,shehopes to rekindle(再次点燃)the interest of the younger generation.Young people dont likethis music much;they prefer pop music and love songs.They think these songs are somethingtheir grandma sings.This kind of repackaging gives young people a new door into their heritage.Zhu believes China needs to look again at its own roots.China today is basically all Western art;in our conservatories(音乐学院)Western classical music is the top,she says.For China toreally contribute to the world,we need to go on our own path.So what can represent Chinatoday?The answer,she suggests,is to move from made in China to created in China.（1）From the first paragraph,we learn that _.A.the audience are all young people B.Guo Yong is playing the Buyi folk musicC.Guo Yong is the only minority performer on the stage D.tree branches make good musicalinstruments（2）Which of the following is TRUE of Zhu Zheqin?A.She teaches music in a conservatories.B.She is helping preserve Chinese ethnic music.C.She works as an official in the United Nations.D.Shes created all the music for the GrandTheater.（3）Zhu Zheqin traveled to some of Chinas remotest regions to _.A.record the traditional ethnic musicB.help the local musicians play the musicC.show the UN Chinese musical traditions D.enjoy the music of various ethnic groups（4）What is Zhu Zheqins idea about Chinese traditional music?A.It is completely out of date.B.Only old musicians play it well.C.It needs changes to attract young people.D.It is quickly dying out.（5）What does Zhu Zheqin mean in the last paragraph?A.The traditional music should be repackaged.B.Chinese conservatories shouldnt teachWestern music.C.China has contributed a lot to the Western art.D.Only the things created in China can besymbols of China.【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）A（4）C（5）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了歌手朱哲琴将中国少数民族传统音乐整理再包装后向年轻人推广，并呼吁重视传统、找到真正能代表本民族的东西（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Blowing on one of the leaves，he produces a soundlike the singing of birds as he plays a traditional Buyi folk song”可知，Guo Yong演奏的是布依族的民族音乐。故选 B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“But all this is the efforts of Zhu Zheqin，a Cantonese-born singer，who has made it her mission to help preserve Chinas traditional ethnic music.”可知，朱哲琴致力于保护中国的传统音乐。故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Zhu traveled through some of Chinas remotest regionsin an attempt to document the traditional music of various minority groups”可知，朱哲琴去中国偏僻地区旅行是为了尝试记录各个少数民族的传统音乐。故选A。（4）考查推理判断。根据第四段朱哲琴的话以及第五段中的“This kind of repackaging givesyoung people a new door into their heritage”可知，为获得年轻人的兴趣，这些歌曲被重装包装了。因此推断朱哲琴认为传统音乐需要改变以便吸引年轻人的注意。故选C。（5）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“So what can represent China today?The answer,shesuggests,is to move from made in China to created in China.”可知，最后一段谈到什么能够代表中国，然后又提出答案是由中国制造转变为中国创造，故选 D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。5阅读理解 You may think that the story of Pygmalion(卖花女,1913)-in which people are judgedby the way they talk-is something that only existed in the days of British high society.Butthanks to etiquette(礼仪)expert and author William Hanson,we realize that little has changedduring the past 100 years.In a BBC radio program,Hanson released a list of common words used in British English thatcould reveal whether a person is common or fashionable.And yet here comes the interesting part:While some of us might go through life using fancywords,dressing in ways that make us appear more well-off than we really are,there are wealthypeople in the world who try to hide their riches because they want to be seen as normalinstead of showy.Beatrice,for example,is a New Yorker who inherited(继承)millions of dollars.She told TheNew York Times that she has a habit of removing the price tags(价签)from her clothes so herhouse staff dont see the