中西跨文化交际课程情景案例分析.doc

Ｕnit １　 Lａnguage aｎd Culture in Ｃomｍunication
Theory Cｏｍｍｕniｃａtｉon　iｓ sｏmething we do every　day。　Iｔ　tａkeｓ ｐlａce ｓo naｔurallｙ tｈaｔ we simply faｉｌ　tｏ　noｔiｃe iｔ unｔiｌ ｉt hｉccups or breaks down。 Though　it　is cｏmmonplace, it is no ｅxaggｅrａｔion ｔo　ｓａy that ｃomｍunicatｉoｎ is life ａｎｄ　ｌifｅ　iｓ munｉcaｔioｎ。
1。Wｈen　you　ｊoｉn ａ　sociaｌ gatheriｎｇ, yoｕ　must be awarｅ of rules　aｎd procedures　thａt　goｖern　ｔｈe　ｗay thinｇs ａre　going tｏ pｒoｃeed、 There is a　ｔeｃhnical term fｏr ｓｕch　ｒules ａｎｄ proceｄures—scheｍa。
2。 Face and　politeness　ａre twｏ other　areas ｗhich aｒｅ　extreｍｅly　vaｌue—seｎｓiｔive.　One ｏf tｈｅ diｓtｉnｃtivｅ ｆeａｔureｓ oｆ Chinese polｉteｎesｓ is ｓelf-deniｇｒation　anｄ ｏtｈer—elｅｖａｔion。
Caｓｅ １: Litz is a professｏr ｏｆ cross-cultuｒaｌ munｉcation ｉn a uniｖersiｔｙ iｎ Fｉnland、 She iｎｖited ｈer　Cｈinｅｓe studeｎｔｓ home ｆor an eｖening ｐartｙ、
Ｔhｅ　ｓcheｍa　ｆroｍ　Lｉtz's　point of viｅw iｎcludｅs the foｌlowing:
1。       Gｉviｎg　inｖｉtａtion: by phone　/　bｙ　mａiｌ
２、       Prepaｒｅ ｅveｒytｈiｎg befoｒｅ　thｅ arrival　of　guestｓ
3。      　Rｅｃeiｖing guｅｓtｓ: open the dooｒ / exｐress　wele ／ take ｔheir ovｅrｃoats　/ introduｃｅ　guesｔs　/ oｆfｅｒ them ｄrｉnks　/ make ｔhem ｆortable
4。       Ｓervｉｎg fｏod: set　ｔhe ｔａblｅ　/ soｕp fｉrsｔ / maｉn couｒｓe /　deｓert　
５、       Post ｄｉnｎer ａcｔｉvitiｅｓ: chat / plａy music ／ ｏffer more dｒｉｎks
６.      　Seeｉｎg gｕｅｓｔｓ　off: thanｋ　them for cｏming ／ ｇood night
Ｌiｔｚ’s eveninｇ party　was ｎot veｒy sｕcｃｅsｓfuｌ,　bｅｃａuse sｈｅ was upseｔ ｂｙ one　oｆ her guestｓ、 Ｈerｅ was thｅ iniｔial ｃonverｓatｉon bｅtｗeen Litz aｎｄ Lｉn:
Litz: (ｏpens tｈe　ｄoｏｒ) Ｏh,　Lin,　hoｗ ｎice yｏu coｕld e！
Liｎ:　It's　not ｄiｆficuｌt　tｏ　fiｎd youｒ ｈｏusｅ。
Litｚ:　Cｏme on in、
Lin: (cｏmｅs　in)
Lｉtｚ: Cａn I tａkｅ yoｕｒ cｏat?
Ｌin: No, thaｎks。
Lｉｔz: Ｏk, this　wａｙ ｐｌeasｅ、
Lin: (takｅ　oｆf her ｃoat aｎd hangｓ it)
Ａnａｌｙｓis:　Litz ｗas　ｈuｒt ｂｅｃauｓe Ｌiｎ　dｉd　not let　ｈer hａｎｇ her　coａt、 Ｌitz’s offｅring　to ｈａng Lin’s coａｔ　is ｏne oｆ Liｔz’s　waｙｓ (it'ｓ on Lｉtz’s scｈeｍa).　On Ｌin’s siｄe, she　thought　thaｔ Litｚ　ｗas　hｅｒ suｐervisor and thａｔ ｉt ｗas inａppropriate to leｔ her supervisor　hanｇ　her coaｔ、　Hｅre　ｗe hａvｅ an insｔaｎce of one　action aｔｔaｃhｅｄ ｗith differｅnt　ｃuｌturａｌ ｖａlｕｅs、
Case ２:
Finｄinｇ　an Intｅrｅｓｔeｄ Buｙｅr
Gｅorａｇe　Ｈall　waｓ in Bｅijｉnｇ atｔeｎding a　tradｅ　fair　and ｌooｋiｎg for an oppoｒtuｎiｔy to do buｓineｓｓ in Chinａ、 He had　beeｎ　ｖery sｕccessful in hｉs ｂｕsiness　dealiｎgs ｉｎ thｅ ＵＳ　ａnｄ priｄed hiｍseｌf　on hｉs abiliｔｙ “ｔo ｇet tｈｉngs ｍｏｖing.”　His ｆiｒst day was goiｎｇ well 。Hｅ lｏｏｋeｄ　ａｒoｕnd ａt the disｐlays　oｆ　sｐortｉｎｇ eqｕipmenｔ　to gｅｔ ｓome　idea　oｆ whom ｈｅ　mｉght apｐroach.　Hｅ ｗas sｕre　ｔｈat his pｒoｄucts, tｅnｎis raｃkets with　aｎ　unuｓual new dｅsigｎ, ｗoulｄ ａrｏｕse sｏｍe　intｅrests。 Oｎ　the　secｏnd day hｅ aｐｐroachｅd the ｃoｍpanｙ wｈiｃｈ he fｅlt woｕｌd be　most reｓpｏnsiｖe to　his　ｐroducts. Ｈe introduｃｅd hｉmselｆ tｏ the　genｅral,　a Mr。　Ｌｉ、 Ｓｉnｃｅ he　had read thaｔ Chｉneｓｅ find　gｅttinｇ dｏwn to busiｎess iｍmediatｅly　too aｂrｕpt ａｎd rude, he begａｎ ａ casuaｌ　conｖeｒｓaｔioｎ, eｖentｕally leadｉｎg　up　to the　ｔopｉc of his prodｕｃts and　suggｅsｔｉng how Ｍr、 Li’ｓ ｐanｙ ｍight ｂeｎeｆｉt from usiｎg ｔｈeｍ.　George tｈen sugｇｅｓted thａt he could arrange to get　ｔogethｅｒ with Mr、　Li and ｐrｏvide moｒe ｓpeciｆics aｎd documentaｔiｏn on his prｏducｔs.
Mr. Li ｒespoｎdｅｄ　ｉn fａｉrｌy gｏod Ｅnglｉsh," Ｔｈat ｗｏｕｌd　bｅ intereｓting、"
Knowing　ｔhat he had oｎly　ａ few dａｙｓ left　in Ｂeｉjing, Geoｒge wanted to nａil dowｎ a　time,” When ｃan　ｗe　meet?" aｓked Geoｒge。
　 “Ａh、 Ｔhis week ｉｓ　very　ｂuｓｙ,” ｒepｌied Mr. Ｌi.
　 　 “It sure iｓ," ｓａｉd Geoｒgｅ," How abｏｕt　10　ｏ'cloｃｋ？　Ｍeet you　heｒe、”
　 “Tｏｍorｒow ａｔ 10　o’ｃｌock?"　aｓkｅd Mr。 Ｌi thougｈtfuｌly。
　 　 “Right," ｓaid　Geｏrge,　“Ｉ’lｌ ｓee you tｈeｎ?”
　 “Hmm, yes; why don't　yｏu e by ｔomorrｏw,” wａｓ　ｔｈe reｐly。
　　 　 　 “OK," reｓpｏnｄed　Geoｒge,” It wａs nicｅ　meeting yoｕ。”
Tｈe nexｔ　dａｙ at　10　o’clock ｈe ａpproacheｄ Mr、 Li’s　coｍpanｙ’s exhibit onｌy　ｔｏ　fｉnｄ thaｔ　Mr。 Ｌｉ ｈad ｓome ｉmｐortant busｉnesｓ aｎd was ｎoｔ ａｂle ｔo　ｍeｅt with Ｇｅorgｅ.　He cａllｅｄ　back later in the day ａnd ｗas　tｏld　that　Mr. Li was ｎot available、
Aｎaｌｙsiｓ:　英美人士做事情讲究守时。而中国人不太重视这方面。本案列中,李先生不仅没有准时接见预约得客户,甚至放了她“鸽子”。
Ｃasｅ３:　Ｐrofessoｒ Lianｇ has writｔen a bｏok　on Chinesｅ cｕlture in Cｈineｓe。 His ｂoｏk　iｓ ｐｕｔ　ｏn ｄｉsplay in　Bｅijｉng Internaｔｉonａｌ Ｂook　Fａir’ 96、 Pｒoｆessｏr　Liaｎｇ would liｋe ｔo ｈａvｅ　his book tranｓlated ｉnｔo Eｎglisｈ　aｎd subｍitted to Thompson Pｕblisheｒs、 Professｏr Liaｎg haｓ　ａsked Ｌｉ　Yan, ｗｈｏｍ　ｈe　meets ｒeｇulａrly in the Eｎglish Cｏrneｒ, to heｌｐ hｉm ｔo　talｋ tｏ Peteｒ　Allrｉｇｈt, ａ Tｈｏｍpｓon　repreｓentative。
Ｐroｆ、 Lｉａnｇ:奥莱特先生,这就是鄙人得拙作。
Li Tａｎ: Ｍr、 Allrigｈt, ｔhiｓ a cluｍｓy ｂｏok ｗrittｅn bｙ ｙoｕr　ｈumbｌe　ｓervanｔ、
Mr　Ａllright: No, no, ｎo, yoｕ＇re　not my hｕmｂle seｒｖant. Ｗe dｏ ｎoｔ ｐuｂlｉsh boｏｋs ｉn Cｈineｓe。
Li　Yaｎ (tｏ　Prｏfeｓsor Liａｎg): 不,不,不,您不就是我得仆人,我们不出中文书、
Pｒofessoｒ Liang: 我要请李艳翻译成英文。
Ｌi　Ｙａn (to Mｒ。 Allright):　Prｏfessoｒ Ｌiａng　will ａｓk mｅ　to traｎｓlate it intｏ Enｇlish、
Mr. Aｌlright:　Mm thａt’s interesｔinｇ.
Anａlysis: Chiｎese authors　almost alwaｙs　bｅlitｔle theｉｒ　worｋｓ ｂｙ descrｉbing them aｓ clumsｙ writings, and tｈｅｙ usｅ the ｓaｍe desｃｒiｐtion wｈen they prｅsent thｅm tｏ Cｈｉnesｅ publisｈｅrs。 Ｂut　thｉs　ｗiｌl　be counｔer-ｐroductive in Engｌish. Ｉｎsｔｅad,　ａｕｔｈｏｒs ｓｈoulｄ　poｉnｔ ｏuｔ the merits ｏf tｈeir worｋｓ rａther ｔhan　“clｕｍｓｉness".
Unｉｔ 2 Cｕlture Shoｃk
Tｈeｏry: 1、 Cuｌｔure shock can　be deｓｃribed as the feeliｎｇ ｏf cｏnfusion　aｎd　disoｒientaｔiｏn　thaｔ　ｏne　experieｎces when ｆaceｄ wｉｔh　a large　ｎuｍber　of nｅw anｄ ｕnfaｍｉｌiar peoｐle aｎd sitｕａtions、
　 2、 Therｅ　is a desiｒｅ　foｒ indepeｎdｅｎce　and　separａtenesｓ, fouｎd iｎ ｆoreignｅrｓ’ needs ｆｏr ｔheｉr　oｗn pｒｉvacy ａnd aｕtonｏmｙ
　 ３. Hospiｔａliｔy　meaｎs the cordiaｌ and　ｇenerous recｅｐtion of oｒ ｄiｓpoｓｉｔｉｏn　toｗarｄ guｅsｔs、
　 　 　4。 Pｏlitｅneｓs rｅｆｅrs to ｔｈｅ coｎsidｅｒaｔiｏｎ　for oｔhｅｒs, tact, aｎd ｏbｓｅrvance of acｃｅpteｄ ｓｏｃiaｌ uｓagｅ.
　 　 5。 Pｒivacy coｕld　ｂe ｕnｄｅｒｓtood aｓ the　rigｈt oｆ an　iｎdividuａl to　ｓelf－detｅrmiｎatｉon　as　to ｔhｅ degrｅｅ to which the indiviｄual ｉｓ　willing to sｈaｒｅ　with　othｅrs　inｆormaｔion　ａｂｏut hｉmsｅlf、
Casｅ 1: Jaｎe,　ａn Amｅriｃaｎ teaｃｈeｒ　iｎ the US, ｈad　juｓt started　tｅachinｇ Engｌish　ｔo ａ group of Japａnｅse ｓｔudents。　She wanteｄ tｏ ｇｅt tｏ knｏw ｔhe studenｔs morｅ fｏrｍａlly,　so　she inviｔeｄ them to　her ｈｏuｓe for　partｙ。　Tｈe ｓtudenｔs alｌ ａｒrived toｇｅｔher at exacｔlｙ 8:00 p.m。 Thｅｙ　seemeｄ to　eｎjoy　ｔhe　party: theｙ daｎceｄ,　sang, and aｔe mｏst of the food. At about １0:00 ｐ.m,　onｅ oｆ the sｔudeｎts saiｄ to thｅ ｔeａcher, “Ｉ thｉnｋ iｔ’ｓ tｉmｅ　ｆor　mｅ to leave.　Thank you verｙ mｕch for the party.” Tｈeｎ alｌ the ｏther studentｓ ｇot　ｕp ｔｏ go,　aｎd　ａｌｌ ｌefｔ　at tｈe same　time、　Janｅ decided　she ｗould never invite tｈem again!
Anaｌysｉs: 在日本以及其她很多得亚洲国家里,年轻人通常成群结队得一起去参加一些社交聚会,然后一道离去。在她们瞧来这就是很正常不过得事。然后Janｅ认为这就是一种侮辱,因为她们在同一时间里一下子全部离开了。在美国以及其她一些英语国家,晚上1０点离开一个聚会相对来说就是比较早得、
Cａｓe 2:
Foｕｒ　Seｃrｅtaｒｉeｓ aｎd Tｈｅir Joｂs
Fｏuｒ ｃｌａssmaｔes　from a top Ｃｈineｓｅ univeｒsｉty aｌｌ ｔｏok ｊobs as　ｓｅcrｅtaries aftｅr　graduation.　Fiｖe yｅars ｌatｅr　the four former clａssmatｅs hａd ａ reuniｏn　ａｎｄ disｃussｅd tｈeｉr ｊobｓ、
　Ｃｈen Qi and Dai Ｙun　boｔh work as ｂｉlｉngual secretarｉes　for　a Fiｎnish ｃompany ｉn Ｂeｉｊiｎｇ。 Ｃhen Qi is seｃｒetarｙ to ｔｈe　Ｆinｎ ｇｅｎeral manger,　ａnd Dａi Ｙｕn　ｉs secretary ｔo　the Chineｓe locaｌ　ｍanger, a　posｉｔion oｎlｙ　slighｔｌy　lｏwer thaｎ thaｔ　of the Fiｎn　ｍａｎｇｅr.
　 Zhang Ying is ｆrom ａ pｏｌiｔiｃａｌly prominent fａmilｙ　aｎｄ　was hｉrｅd　as　ｔｈｅ　secｒetａry tｏ ｔhe　leadeｒ of a　smalｌ ｇovｅrｎｍent bｕrｅaｕ in　the caｐiｔａl city ｏf her　home pｒoｖｉncｅ. Lu Yan wｏrks fｏr a staｔe run entｅrｐｒisｅ in　the same　ciｔｙ whｅre ｓｈｅ ｗaｓ hｉrｅd as tｈe sｅｃretａｒy to the new manager for ｉnteｒｎatｉonal marｋetinｇ、 Thｅ ｃompaｎｙ ｈaｓ ｎeｖeｒ ｍａrkｅted　its products　abroａd　ｂefoｒe ｓo thiｓ　office ａｎd　Lu　Yan’s position are ｎｅw to the cｏmpａny。
　 Ｆｉｖｅ yeaｒs ｌater Cheｎ Ｑｉ　is satｉsfieｄ with heｒ　joｂ with ｔhe　Fｉnnish　ｃoｍpａnｙ bｕt Dai Yun is not. Tｈe Fｉnｎ manaｇer reｃeivｅｓ ｏrderｓ from tｈe ｃoｍpａｎy’s ｈomｅ ofｆice in Finlaｎd, and he　ｇiveｓ ordeｒs to tｈｏse　ｂelｏw hiｍ ｉn Chｉna, incluｄiｎg his seｃretary Chen　Ｑi。 Hｅ telｌs　her　ｈow hｅ wａnts　ｈis time　scｈeｄuleｄ aｎd she　then makes appointｍents ｆor ｈim ａccordｉng to his instruｃｔions。　She　tｒaｎｓlatｅs memos　and ｏｔher dｏcumｅnｔs and inteｒprｅts　frｏm Chinese tｏ Englｉｓh　to Chinｅｓｅ、 If the　manaｇeｒ doeｓ not ｔhink　Ｃhｅn Qｉ haｓ ｄone　heｒ　woｒｋ weｌl, he ｔelｌｓ ｈer rigｈt ａway、　Hｅ　iｓ veｒy dｅmandｉng, buｔ Ｃheｎ Qi feelｓ ｔhat　ｓhe　knows ｗhaｔ ｈer　dutieｓ are and　ｋnows ｗhat her maｎａgｅｒ eｘpects.　Sｈｅ is　conｆidｅｎt ｔhat shｅ is ｄｏing ａ ｇｏod joｂ。
Dai Yun ｏfteｎ dｏes not hａｖｅ as mucｈ ｗork to dｏ as Cｈeｎ Ｑｉ doｅｓ,　bｅcausｅ her　ｂoss　sｃｈｅdules ｈｉs own apｐointments and ｄｏeｓ a lot oｆ　tｈe offiｃe ｐaperwork hiｍsｅlｆ。　When ｈe is ｏｕt of town sｈe has ｔｉmｅ to stｕdy　for thｅ ｇraduate entrance　exａm、 Hｏwｅver, shｅ ｉs ｎot sｕre whethｅr or　ｎoｔ she iｓ doiｎg a goｏd jｏb、 Ｈｅr ｍａnager tells hｅr　ｗhａt sｈe ｉs expeｃtｅd tｏ ｄo,　bｕt　he ｄｏｅs thｉs day by ｄａy。 When ｐｅople　cａll ｏｒ ｃｏme tｏ the　ｏffice to　see　hｅr boss, she ｇreets ｔhem　ｉｎ Engｌish　or Chinｅse ａｓ neｃessaｒｙ。　She reｃeivｅs ｔhｅir mｅmｏs　aｎd othｅr ｍeｓsages ａs wｅｌl as thｅｉr questions and ｒｅｑuests and pａｓses them　oｎ to her manager。 Dai Ｙｕn thiｎkｓ　of ｈｅｒ jｏｂ aｓ　doing what hｅr manａger wants　ｈer to do。 Ｓhe　pａyｓ close atｔention to his moods ａnd behavior, and ｓｏmetimes she　is able　ｔo anｔｉciｐaｔe wｈat he wｏulｄ ｌikｅ wｉｔhｏut　ｈｉm　tｅｌｌing heｒ。
Anaｌｙsis:许多中国人在外企工作,不同国家得外企领导有不同得工作作风与标准。本案列中,戴云给不同得外国上司做秘书,在工作中出现由于不同得文化冲突而引起得各种工作以及沟通中得问题就很常见了。
Ｃaｓe 3:　One cold　ｗinter　day ｉn a Chineｓe　city, Wang Ｌｉn ｏn　hｉs　way to　the ｌｉbｒary　mｅt an Ａmｅｒicaｎ prｏfesｓor　whｏ ｋnew very liｔtｌｅ　abｏut Ｃhｉna、 Afteｒ gｒeeting him, Wang　saiｄ: “It’s raｔｈer cold、　Yoｕ’d ｂｅtｔer put　on ｍoｒe clｏｔｈes、” But　the　ｐｒofeｓsoｒ dｉdn’ｔ aｐpear hａppy on hearｉng this、
Analysｉs:　美国人以及大部分西方国家得人们不喜欢被告知要怎么做怎么做,她们比较喜欢独立,然而中国人则习惯关心别人,这个案例中王林得建议表达得就就是一种对她人得关心,可就是美国教授却不习惯这样得表达、
Ｃａsｅ ４: In ａ good restaurant, fourteen ｐeｏple　aｒe ｇａtｈered to　say goodbｙe　to　ｔheir prｏfesｓor, wｈo　ｉs　mｏving to　anoｔｈer uniｖersｉty.
Stｅven: May　Ｉ ｈave your ａttention plｅaｓe？ I’d ｌiｋｅ　to　calｌ ｕｐon Ｂeｎ to sａy　ａ　few wordｓ。
Ｂen: Tｈank you,　Steｖｅn.　Proｆessor Ｓｈore,　cｏlleagues:
　 Ｔoniｇht is ｏne oｆ ｔhｏse　paｒａdoxeｓ ——— it’ｓ a　ｓad　time ａnd　yet ｉt’s a hapｐy ｔime. Sad, becauｓe、
We　are ｌｏsｉng one ｏｆ ｏuｒ　ｂeｓt ｐｒofｅsｓｏrs; ｈapｐy beｃauｓe we　are pleasｅｄ to see　Proｆｅsｓｏr Shoｒe
gaｉｎ tｈe reｃogｎitｉon thaｔ he richly deｓerｖｅs.Ｉ'm ｎot　sｕrｅ　ｗhｏ　will bｅ able　ｔo coｎtrol　us and keep　ｕs
in　line。 I thiｎｋ ｔhe　nｅｗ ｐrofｅｓsｏr wiｌl　hａvｅ a　ｄiffiｃuｌt timｅ。 Anｄ suｒeｌｙ no ｏne ｗill　be　ablｅ　to　tell
ｊokｅs in the　saｍe way　aｓ　yoｕ, Profｅssor. Ｓerｉｏusｌy, wｅ ａll　know tｈａt you wilｌ be　diｆfｉcult ｔｏ
replace. Youｒ ｓcholａrly ａpproａch　and ｙour ｄedicａtｉon wilｌ　alwayｓ　ｂｅ rｅmembeｒed。 Ｉ woｕld
ｔhｅrｅｆore　ｌiｋe to prｏpｏse ａ tｏasｔ. Cｏlｌeaｇues, ｐｅｌａse ｃharｇe ｙour　glasseｓ、 Prｏfeｓｓｏｒ Shore, ｍaｙ
yｏur future be filｌed will　ｇreat suｃｃｅss, ａnｄ ｍay you　alwaｙs ｒｅmeｍber us。　Wｅ knｏw we will neｖer
forgｅｔ ｙou、
　 To　Pｒofessoｒ Shore！
All: (Standinｇ　uｐ)　To　Prｏfessor Shoｒｅ！ (Eｖｅryone drinkｓ。　Ｐｒｏfessoｒ　Ｓｈｏre remaｉns ｓｅatｅd and
ｓｍｉles　ａt them all。)
Ａnalysis:就餐时总就是要在各种缘由下向人敬酒:可以就是非正式得,向朋友或同事敬酒;也可以就是正式得,向全体聚会得人敬酒。与中国式得敬酒大不相同得就是,在西方正式得敬酒时,受敬得人就是不能喝酒得,而就是正襟危坐,两眼睁睁瞧别人喝酒。另一个不同就是:无论正式还就是非正式,敬酒得人不必走过去敬酒,而就是在自己得座位处站起来敬酒。敬酒时开始得语言永远就是:“向…”,而其她随敬酒得人重复敬酒人得第一句话(即“向…”), 然后喝一口酒。敬酒时如果举了杯,说了敬词,而实际上没有喝酒,就会被瞧做十分不恭得行为,在很久以前甚至于被认为就是一种侮辱,就是不想加入敬酒得仪式。
Case 5: An　Amｅrｉcan weｎt to Cｈiｎｅse ｈome. He wａs ｏffｅｒed　some tｅa、 Just when ｔhe　ｆｉｒst cup　ｗas abｏut to　finisｈ, more tea　wａｓ　added、 The ｖｉsitor dｒank the second　ｃup。 Then the　cup wａs fiｌlｅd thｅ tｈｉrd　ｔｉme、 Then he drａｎk it, then… untiｌ　ｔhｅ　visｉtｏr ｗas qｕiｔe　fｕｌｌ。　Ｗｈy？
Ａnａlysis: 在中国得传统文化习俗里,主人通常会不断给客人倒水倒茶,或者不断地给客人得盘子里加食物以表示她得热情好客。面对得这样得情况,中国客人知道如何处理,在她们觉得吃饱喝足之后,就会随它放在桌上。而美国客人就不懂了,在美国,在自己得盘子里剩下食物就是不礼貌得,于就是她出于遵循美国文化理念可能会在这样得招待中吃得过多。
Ｃasｅ 6:
Diｎner　with Frｉｅnd
Janice　is　a　yoｕnｇ Ameｒican engineeｒ　workｉｎg　for　a ｍanufacturinｇ　joiｎt ventｕｒe　neaｒ　Nanjinｇ。 Ｓhe aｎｄ　her husbanｄ Geoｒge, who　iｓ teacｈiｎg Enｇｌｉsh at　a uniｖersity, ａｒe leａｒninｇ Ｃhiｎese and eｎjoｙｉｎｇ ｔheiｒ neｗ lｉfｅ 、They have beeｎ eａger to　ｇeｔ to kｎｏw Chinesｅ　pｅoｐle beｔteｒ so　thｅy　wｅｒe ｐｌeａsed whｅn　Liu Lingｌｉng , Jaｎiｃe’ｓ ｙoung co－ｗorkeｒ invited theｍ　ｔo her hｏme ｆor dinｎer。
Wｈeｎ Jaｎiｃe and　George arrｉｖeｄ,Lingｌing inｔrodｕced ｔｈeｍ　to heｒ　ｈusband Ｙang Ｆeng　, ａｓkｅd　them　to sｉｔ dｏwn at a tａｂｌe ｃontａiｎing　8 ｐlaｔes of ｖaｒioｕｓ　cold ｄisｈes,　ｓerved　them tea aｎd　thｅn disapｐｅａreｄ wiｔh hｅr ｈuｓｂand into tｈe ｋitchen. Aｆter ａ　few minｕtｅs Liｎｇling cａme baｃk anｄ added watｅr　tｏ ｔhｅir tｅa. Jaｎice offｅred to hｅlp ｉn　the　kｉtcheｎ but Ｌiｎgliｎg　ｓaid she diｄｎ’t need hｅlp、 She　invｉted thｅ ｃoupｌe　to ｌook at　theiｒ　ｎｅw CD player and ｔｈeir colｏrful　TV　and　ｔｈen disａｐｐeａred agaｉn、
A hａlf-houｒ lａter shｅ cａme back aｎｄ　sat　down　anｄ the ｔhｒee ｂegaｎ　ｔo eaｔ. Yang Feng ｃaｍe　in from ｔimｅ tｏ ｔｉｍe tｏ put ｄish after　ｈot ｄish　ｏn the tａbｌe.　Most of the fｏod waｓ wonｄeｒful　buｔ　neithｅｒ Geoｒge nｏr Jaｎiｃe ｃｏuld　ｅａt ｔhe faｔty　poｒk in pｅpper saｕce or the eａ cｕcｕmbers, anｄ theｒe was　ｍucｈ mｏrｅ than they could ｅat. They kept wiｓhing Yaｎg Feng ｗould sit　dowｎ　so theｙ　ｃｏulｄ　taｌｋ to him　.Fiｎally　he ｄｉd sｉt down to eat a biｔ ,ｂｕｔ quｉckｌy　ｔuｒned ｏn the TV ｔｏ show ｔheｍ ａlｌ its high ｔｅｃｈing featurｅs、 Ｓooｎ　ｉｔ waｓ ｔiｍe ｔo　go　hoｍe.
Georｇe　and Janice feｌｔ ｓｌiｇhｔlｙ deｐresseｄ　ｂy thｉs ｅxｐeｒiｅnｃe,　but　returned the　iｎｖitａtion two weeｋｓ lateｒ。 They deｃided ｔo mａｋｅ a ｎiｃe Ａmｅrｉｃan　meal aｎｄ fｅｌt　ｌｕcky ｔo find ｏｌiｖeｓ, tｏmaｔo juｉce, crackerｓ and as　aｐpetizｅrｓ、 Ｆｏr ｔhe ｍaｉｎ couｒｓｅ　theｙ　ｐｒepaｒed ｓpaghｅtti aｎd a sａlaｄ　ｗith ｄresｓiｎg mａdｅ　froｍ　oil, vｉneｇａｒ, anｄ　somｅ　spｉces they　fｏund　in　the　ｍarket.
Wheｎ Liｕ　Linglinｇ and Yａng Fｅng ａrrivｅd they ｗere ｉmpreｓsｅd by ｔhe ａparｔment ａnd　aｓkｅd the　pｒｉce　of　thｅ ＴV, ｖｉdeｏ　player, vacｕum cleanｅr　and othｅr　thiｎgs、　Jaｎice politeｌy ｒefuｓed tｏ anｓwer　ｔhｅｉｒ ｑuｅsｔｉons、 Theｙ　ｔook smaｌl　taｓtes ｏf　the ａpｐetｉzers and seｅmed surｐrised　when　boｔh Georｇｅ and Janice sat ｄown wｉth thｅm.　Theｙ　ate oｎlｙ a litｔｌｅ sｐaghetti aｎd　diｄ not finｉsh the salａd oｎ ｔheir plａtｅｓ、 Gｅorgｅ　ｕｒｇｅd tｈｅm to eaｔ mｏre ｂut ｔhey refｕｓeｄ aｎd lｏoked　around ｅxpectanｔｌy。 Ｊunｉｃe and Ｇｅoｒge taｌked aｂｏut thｅiｒ faｍiｌiｅs　and ｊｏbs　anｄ asｋed the table aｎd ｓｅrved coｆfee　anｄ pastries、 Yaｎg　Feng and Lingｌing eａch pｕt fｏur spｏons of sｕgaｒs into tｈeiｒ coｆfee buｔ ｄiｄ nｏｔ driｎk ｍuch　oｆ ｉｔ anｄ ate　oｎｌy a biｔｅ or　ｔｗo　of pastry。
Aｆtｅｒ theｙ　left, Gｅorｇe said thａt at leａst ｔheｙ hａd a cｈaｎｃe to ｔalk, but Ｊanice waｓ upｓｅt、　“We ｌeft theｉr ｐｌaｃe　so fulｌ　thaｔ　wｅ couｌｄｎ’t waｌｋ and　ｔheｙ're going to　ｈavｅ ｔo eat aｇaｉｎ　wｈen ｔhey　get home、 Ｗｈａｔ weｎt　ｗrong？
Anａlysis:中西方饮食习惯大大得不同。中国人邀请客人会准备一大桌子得菜,并在就餐过程中使劲劝说客人多吃点,吃完之后, 还有剩菜,就表明主人得盛情款待、而西方人一不劝吃,二就餐完毕后,盘子最好就是空得。本案列中得两对中外夫妇不明这个文化差异,发生误解就就是自然而然得事了。
Case 7: Ａfter thｅ meal ａnd ａfteｒ　ｔhe　ｔabｌｅ ｈas been　clｅared. Ｌiｕ is ｎot sure whａt　to do,　but　ｗants ｔo helｐ in　sｏme waｙ。　At least hｅ wantｓ　to offer、
Hｅlｅn: Thanks for your help, Huang.
Lｉu:　Ｐleasuｒe、　Wｈaｔ ｃan Ｉ　do noｗ？
Ｈelen: Noｔhing。　It’s fｉｎe.　I’ll rinsｅ these ｄｉshes thｅn sｔａck them. It’lｌ　oｎly take a mｉnｕte、
Lｉu:　Doｅs　the faｍily usｕaｌｌy ｈeｌp?
Helｅn: Weｌl,　at ｓpeｃiａｌ ｔimeｓ.　Ｊaｃｋ ｓometimｅｓ rｉｎsｅs　the ｄｉshes buｔ yoｕ caｎ see　he'ｓ ｒeally tireｄ　ｔｏnight.
Ｌiｕ:　Leｔ　ｍe do it ｆor yoｕ.
Helen:　Ｎo truｌy, it’s　ｏｋay、
Ｌiu:　Mａyｂe　I　cａn wｉpe thｅ　table　tｈen、
Hｅlｅn: Ｔhat　wｏulｄ　bｅ　hｅlpful、 Tｈanks。 Ｙｏu’re　ｒｅalｌｙ　kind, Hｕang。
Anａｌysis:在西方人家中得就餐得时间里,大家都设法插手帮一下忙,即便就是男士也不例外,不要一点不动着开饭。所有家住者要能帮者摆摆餐具,或餐后收拾洗碗,把餐具放进洗碗机,倒垃圾,站在一