医学相关英语词汇.doc

索引中医学与中药学的合称，侧重反映中医与中药两者共同发展，密不可分。

1、医院部门及科室名称
2、医务人员名称
3、诊断和治疗常用词汇
4、常见疾病名称
5、常见手术名称
6、常用药物名称
7、常用护理术语
8、常用临床医学术语
9、医疗器材
10、医学英语快速记忆－后缀
11、主要人体系统名称
12、医院类型名称
13、医学词汇
14、医学常用字首与字根

1.医院部门及科室名称
out-patient department门诊部
In-patient department住院部
Nursing department护理部
Admission office住院处
Discharge office出院处
Registration office挂号处
Reception room, waiting room侯诊室
Consultation room诊察室
Isolation room隔离室
Delivery room分娩室
Emergency room急诊室
Ward病房室
Department of internal medicine内科
Department of surgery外科
Department of pediatrics儿科
Department of obstetrics and gynecology妇科
Department of neurology神经科
Department of ophtalmology眼科
E.N.T.department耳鼻喉科
Department of stomatology口腔科
Department of urology泌尿科
Department of orthopedic骨科
Department of traumatology创伤科
Department of endocrinology内分泌科
Department of anesthesiology麻醉科
Department of dermatology皮肤科
Department of infectious diseases传染病科
Department of pathology病理科
Department of psychiatry精神科
Department of orthopacdic surgery矫形外科
Department of cardiac surgery心脏外科
Department of cerebral surgery脑外科
Department of thoracic surgery胸外科
Pharmacy dispensary药房
Nutrition department营养部
Diet-preparation department配膳室
Therapeutic department治疗室
Operating room/Theater手术室
Blood-bank血站 Supply-room供应室
Disinfection-room消毒室
Dressing room换药室
Mortuary太平间
Record room病案室
Department of plastic surgery矫形外科
Department of physiotherapy理疗科
electrotherapy room电疗科
heliotherapy room光疗科
wax-therapy room蜡疗科
hydrotherapy room水疗科
central laboratory中心实验室
clinical laboratory临床实验室
bacteriological laboratory细菌实验室
biochemical laboratory生化实验室
serological laboratory血清实验室
X-ray room X光室
doctor’s office医生办公室
nurse’s office护士办公室

2.医务人员名称
director of the hospital院长
physician内科医师
chief physician主任医师
associate chief physician副主任医师
attending doctor主治医师
resident doctor住院医师
intern doctor实习医师
general practitioner全科医师
specialist专科医师
head of the nursing department护理部主任
Head nurse护士长
Student nurse实习护士
E.N.T.doctor耳鼻喉科医师
Ophthalmologist眼科医师
Dentist牙科医师
Orthopedist骨科医师
Dermatologist皮肤科医师
urologist surgeon泌尿外科医师
neurosurgeon神经外科医师
plastic surgeon矫形外科医师
anaesthetist麻醉科医师
Doctor for tuberculosis结核科医师
Physiotherapist理疗科
Doctor for infectious diseases传染病科
Dietician营养科医师
Pediatrician儿科医师
Obstetrician产科医师
Midwife助产师
Gynecologist妇科医师
Radiologist放射科医师
Epidemiologist流行病医师
Pharmacist药剂医师
Assistant pharmacist药剂医士
Laboratory technician化验员
Assistant nurse卫生员
Cleaner清洁员
Controller总务科长
Registrar挂号员
Sanitation worker消毒员

3.诊断和治疗常用词汇
inspection望诊
inquiry问诊
auscultation听诊
percussion扣诊
palpation触诊
biopsy活组织检查
pathological section病理切片
endoscopy内窥镜检查
ECG(electrocardiogram) examination心电图检查
EEG(electrocardiogram) examination脑电图检查
Intravenous pyelography静脉肾盂造影术
Skin-test皮肤试验
examination by centesis穿刺检查
routine analysis of blood血常规分析
urine analysis of blood尿常规分析
red blood cell count(RBC)红细胞计数
white blood cell count(WBC)白细胞计数
general check-up全身检查
routine examination常规检查
follow-up examination随访检查
consultation会诊
emergency急诊
diagnosis诊断
prognosis预后
convalescence, recovery康复
relapse复发
treatment治疗
prescribe开药方
fill a prescription配药
injecting打针
hypodermic injection皮下注射
intramuscular injection肌肉注射
intravenous injection静脉注射
inoculating预防注射
fluid infusion点滴注射
blood transfusion输血
dose剂量
tablet药片
capsule胶囊
liquid medicine药水
powder药粉
ointment药膏（软膏）
plaster硬膏，石膏
lotion洗剂
suppository栓剂
analgesics止痛药
antipyetics退烧药
antitussive止咳药
expectorant祛痰药
diuretics利尿药
hemostatic止血药
antidiarrheal止泄药
antipruritic止痒药
antidote解毒药
antirheumatic抗风湿药
anticarcinogen抗癌药
antibiotics抗菌素
anticoagulant抗凝剂
cardiac tonic强心药
vasodilator血管舒张药
vasoconstrictor血管收缩药
antiepileptic抗癫痫药
antispasmodic解痉药
sedative镇静药
anesthetics麻醉药
penicillin盘尼西林
streptomycin链霉素
gentamycin庆大霉素
aspirin阿斯匹林
morphine吗啡
dolantin杜冷丁
iodine碘酒
distilled water蒸馏水
normal saline solution生理食盐水
atropine阿托品
hormone激素
glucose葡萄糖
side effect, adverse effect副作用
operative treatment手术疗法
major operation大手术
minor operation小手术
anesthesia麻醉
general anesthesia全身麻醉
local anesthesia局部麻醉
excision, removal, resection切除术
tonsillectomy扁桃体切除术
thyroidectomy甲状腺切除术
pneumonectomy肺切除术
mastectomy乳房切除术
gastrectomy胃切除术
cholecystectomy胆囊切除术
hepalobectomy肝叶切除术
splenectomy脾切除术
nephrectomy肾切除术
salpingectomy输卵管切除术
hysterectomy子宫切除术
hysteromyomectomy子宫肌瘤切除术
proctectomy直肠切除术
appendectomy阑尾切除术
prostatectomy前列腺切除术
tracheotomy气管切开术
incision of abscess脓肿切开术
craniotomy颅骨切开
thoracotomy胸廓切开
laparotomy剖腹术
amputation截肢
fixation固定
hot compress热敷
cold compress冷敷
gastric lavage洗胃
enema灌肠
urethral catheterication导尿
hemostasis止血
dressing包扎
sew up the incision缝合切口
remove the stitches拆线
cardiac massage心脏按摩
artificial respiration人工呼吸
diet饮食
special diet特定饮食
low protein diet低蛋白饮食
low fat diet低脂肪饮食
low calorie diet低热量饮食
liquid diet流质饮食
semi-liquid diet半流质饮食
solid diet固体饮食
light diet易消化的饮食
vegetable diet素食

4.常见疾病名称
Internal Medicine内科
Acidosis酸中毒
Adams-Stokes syndrome亚－斯氏综合症
alcoholism, alcoholic intoxication酒精中毒
alkalosis碱中毒
anaphylaxis过敏症
anemia贫血
iron deficiency anemia缺铁性贫血
megaloblastic anemia巨幼红细胞性贫血
aplastic anemia再生障碍性贫血
angiitis脉管炎
angina pectoris心绞痛
arteriosclerosis动脉硬化
apoplexy中风
auricular fibrillation心房纤颤
auriculo-ventricular block房室传导阻滞
bronchial asthma支气管哮喘
bronchitis支气管炎
bronchiectasis支气管扩张
bronchopneumonia支气管肺炎
carcinoma癌
cardiac arrhythmia心律紊乱
cardiac failure心力衰竭
cardiomyopathy心肌病
cirrhosis肝硬化
coronary arteriosclerotic heart disease冠状动脉硬化性心脏病
Crohn disease克罗恩病
Cushing’s syndrome库欣综合症
diabetes糖尿病
diffuse intravascular coagulation弥散性血管凝血
dysentery痢疾
enteritis肠炎
gastric ulcer胃溃疡
gastritis胃炎
gout痛风
hepatitis肝炎
Hodgkin’s disease霍奇金病
hyperlipemia高脂血症，血脂过多
hyperparathyroidism甲状旁腺功能亢进
hypersplenism脾功能亢进
hypertension高血压
hyperthyroidism甲状腺功能亢进
hypoglycemia低血糖
hypothyroidism甲状腺功能减退
infective endocarditis感染性心内膜炎
influenza流感
leukemia白血病
lobar pneumonia大叶性肺炎
lymphadenitis淋巴结炎
lymphoma淋巴瘤
malaria疟疾
malnutrition营养不良
measles麻疹
myeloma骨髓瘤
myocardial infarction心肌梗死
myocarditis心肌炎
nephritis肾炎
nephritic syndrome肾综合症
obstructive pulmonary emphysema阻塞性肺气肿
pancreatitis胰腺炎
peptic ulcer消化性溃疡
peritonitis腹膜炎
pleuritis胸膜炎
pneumonia肺炎
pneumothorax气胸
purpura紫癜
allergic purpura过敏性紫癜
thrombocytolytic purpura血小板减少性紫癜
pyelonephritis肾盂肾炎
renal failure肾功能衰竭
rheumatic fever风湿病
rheumatoid arthritis类风湿性关节炎
scarlet fever猩红热
septicemia败血症
syphilis梅毒
tachycardia心动过速
tumour肿瘤
typhoid伤寒
ulcerative colitis溃疡性结肠炎
upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage上消化道血

Neurology神经科
brain abscess脑脓肿
cerebral embolism脑栓塞
cerebral infarction脑梗死
cerebral thrombosis脑血栓
cerebral hemorrhage脑出血
concussion of brain脑震荡
craniocerebral injury颅脑损伤
epilepsy癫痫
intracranial tumour颅内肿瘤
intracranial hematoma颅内血肿
meningitis脑膜炎
migraine偏头痛
neurasthenia神经衰弱
neurosis神经官能症
paranoid psychosis偏执性精神病
Parkinson’s disease帕金森综合症
psychosis精神病
schizophrenia精神分裂症

Surgery外科
abdominal external hernia腹外疝
acute diffuse peritonitis急性弥漫性腹膜炎
acute mastitis急性乳腺炎
acute pancreatitis急性胰腺炎
acute perforation of gastro-duodenal ulcer急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔
acute pyelonephritis急性肾盂肾炎
anal fissure肛裂
anal fistula肛瘘
anesthesia麻醉
angioma血管瘤
appendicitis阑尾炎
bleeding of gastro-duodenal ulcer胃十二指肠溃疡出血
bone tumour骨肿瘤
breast adenoma乳房腺瘤
burn烧伤
cancer of breast乳腺癌
carbuncle痈
carcinoma of colon结肠炎
carcinoma of esophagus食管癌
carcinoma of gallbladder胆囊癌
carcinoma of rectum直肠癌
carcinoma of stomach胃癌
cholecystitis胆囊炎
cervical spondylosis颈椎病
choledochitis胆管炎
cholelithiasis胆石症
chondroma软骨瘤
dislocation of joint关节脱位
erysipelas丹毒
fracture骨折
furuncle疖
hemorrhoid痔
hemothorax血胸
hypertrophy of prostate前列腺肥大
intestinal obstruction肠梗阻
intestinal tuberculosis肠结核
lipoma脂肪瘤
lithangiuria尿路结石
liver abscess肝脓肿
melanoma黑色素瘤
osseous tuberculosis骨结核
osteoclastoma骨巨细胞瘤
osteoporosis骨质疏松症
osteosarcoma骨质疏松症
osteosarcoma骨肉瘤
Paget’s disease佩吉特病
perianorecrtal abscess肛管直肠周围脓肿
phlegmon蜂窝织炎
portal hypertension门静脉高压
prostatitis前列腺炎
protrusion of intervertebral disc椎间盘突出
purulent arthritis化脓性关节炎
pyogenic ostcomyclitis化脓性骨髓炎
pyothorax脓胸
rectal polyp直肠息肉
rheumatoid arthritis类风湿性关节炎
rupture of spleen脾破裂
scapulohumeral periarthritis肩周炎
tenosynovitis腱鞘炎
tetanus破伤风
thromboangiitis血栓性脉管炎
thyroid adenocarcinoma甲状腺腺癌
thyroid adenoma甲状腺腺瘤
trauma创伤
urinary infection泌尿系感染
varicose vein of lower limb下肢静脉曲张

Paediatrics儿科
acute military tuberculosis of the lung急性粟粒性肺结核
acute necrotic enteritis急性坏死性结肠炎
anaphylactic purpura过敏性紫癜
ancylostomiasis钩虫病
ascariasis蛔虫病
asphyxia of the newborn新生儿窒息
atrial septal defect房间隔缺损
birth injury产伤
cephalhematoma头颅血肿
cerebral palsy脑性瘫痪
congenital torticollis先天性斜颈
convulsion惊厥
Down’s syndrome唐氏综合症
glomerulonephritis肾小球肾炎
hemophilia血友病
infantile diarrhea婴儿腹泻
intracranial hemorrhage of the newborn新生儿颅内出血
intussusception肠套叠
necrotic enterocolitis of newborn新生儿坏死性小肠结膜炎
neonatal jaundice新生儿黄疸
nutritional iron deficiency anemia营养性缺铁性贫血
nutritional megaloblastic anemia营养性巨幼细胞性贫血
patent ductus arteriosis动脉导管未闭
poliomyelitis骨髓灰质炎
premature infant早产儿
primary tuberculosis原发性肺结核
progressive muscular dystrophy进行性肌肉营养不良
pulmonary stenosis肺动脉狭窄
purulent meningitis化脓性脑膜炎
rickets佝偻病
sepsis of the newborn新生儿败血症
tetanus of the newborn新生儿破伤风
tetralogy of Fallot法洛四联症
thrush鹅口疮，真菌性口炎
varicella水痘
ventricular septal defect室间隔缺损
viral encephalitis病毒性脑炎
viral myocarditis病毒性心肌炎

Gynecology and Obstetrics妇，产科
abortion流产
adenomyosis子宫内膜异位症
amniotic fluid embolism羊水栓塞
Bartholin’s cyst巴氏腺囊肿
carcinoma of cervix子宫颈癌
carcinoma of endometrium子宫内膜癌
carcinoma of ovary卵巢癌
cervicitis宫颈炎
chorio-epithelioma绒毛膜上皮癌
corpora luteum cyst黄体囊肿
dystocia难产
eclampsia子痫
edema-proteinuria-hypertension syndrome
水肿蛋白尿高血压综合征（妊娠高血压综合征）
endometriosis子宫内膜异位症
extrauterine pregnancy子宫外孕
hydatidiform mole葡萄胎
hyperemesis gravidarum妊娠剧吐
infertility不育症
irregular menstruation月经失调
lochia恶露
monilial vaginitis念珠菌性阴道炎
multiple pregnancy多胎妊娠
myoma of uterus子宫肿瘤
oligohydramnios羊水过少
ovarian tumour卵巢肿瘤
pelvic inflammatory disease盆腔炎
placenta previa前置胎盘
placental abruption胎盘早期剥离
pregnancy-hypertension syndrome妊娠高血压综合症
premature birth早产
premature rupture of membrane胎膜早破
postpartum hemorrhage产后出血
puerperal infection产褥感染
rupture of uterus子宫破裂
trichomonas vaginitis滴虫性阴道炎
uteroplacental apoplexy子宫胎盘卒中
vulvitis外阴炎

Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology五官科
amblyopia弱视
amygdalitis, tonsillitis扁桃体炎
astigmatism散光
carcinoma of nasopharynx鼻咽癌
carcinoma of larynx喉癌
cataract白内障
tinnitus耳鸣
chalazion霰粒肿，脸板腺囊肿
colour blindness色盲
deflection of nasal septum鼻中隔偏曲
deafness聋
furuncle of nasalvestibule鼻前庭疖
glaucoma青光眼
heterotropia斜视
hyperopia远视
injury of cornea角膜损伤
ceruminal impaction耵聍嵌塞
iritis虹膜炎
keratitis角膜炎
labyrinthitis迷路炎， 内耳炎
laryngitis喉炎
mastoiditis乳突炎
myopia近视
nasal sinusitis鼻窦炎
otitis media中耳炎
obstruction of larynx喉梗阻
peritonsillar abscess扁桃体中脓肿
pharyngitis咽炎
rhinitis鼻炎

Dermatoloty皮科
acne痤疮
carcinoma of skin皮肤癌
bed sore褥疮
decubitus ulcer褥疮性溃疡
drug eruption药皮疹
eczema湿疹
herpes simplex单纯疱疹
herpes zoster带状疱疹
lupus erythematosis红斑狼疮
psoriasis牛皮癣
urticaria荨麻疹
wart疣

5.常见手术名称
General Sugery普外
appendectomy (appendicectomy)阑尾切除术
cholecystectmy胆囊切除术
cholecystostomy胆囊造口术
drainage of the abscess脓肿引流
enterostomy肠造口术
exploratory laparotomy开腹探查术
gastrectomy胃切除术
gastroduodenostomy胃十二指肠吻合术
hemorrhoidectomy痔切除术
hepaticotomy肝管切开术
hepatectomy肝切除术
herniorrhaphy疝修补术
ligation of lower oesophageal veins低位食管静脉结扎
pancreatectomy胰切除术
portal vena cava anastomosis门腔静脉吻合术
pyloroplasty幽门成形术
mastectomy乳房切除术
splenectomy脾切除术
thyroidectomy甲状腺切除术
thyroid lobectomy甲状腺叶切除术
vagotomy迷走神经切断术

Orthopedics骨科
amputation截肢
arthrodesis关节固定术
curettage if bone tumor骨瘤刮除术
excision of bone tumor骨瘤切除术
external fixation外固定
fasciotomy筋膜切开术
free skin graft自由皮瓣移植
internal fixation内固定
plaster cast石膏管形
plaster splintage石膏夹板固定
prosthetic replacement for joint人工关节置换术
reduction of fracture骨折复位
reduction of joint dislocation关节脱位复位
repair if ligament韧带修补
replantation if digit断指再植
skeletal traction骨牵引
tenorrhaphy腱缝合术
Thoracic Surgery胸外科
aortocoronary bypass主动脉冠状动脉分流
closed drainage of pleural cavity胸腔闭式引流
complete intracardiac repair of Fallot’s Tetralogy法洛完全修复术
dilation of aortic valular stenosis主动脉瓣狭窄扩张术
exploratory thoracotomy开胸探查
heart transplantation心脏移植
heart valve replacement心脏瓣膜置换术
ligation of patent ductus arteriosis动脉导管未闭结扎术
lobectomy of lungs肺叶切除
local excision of tumor of lungs肺肿瘤局部切除术
parial esophagectomy and reconstruction of esophagus
食管部分切除、重建
repair of auricular septal defect房间隔缺损修补术
repair if ventricular septal defect室间隔缺损修补术
repair if valvular insufficiency瓣膜闭锁不全的修补
pericardiectomy心包切除术
peicardiotomy心包切开术
pulmonary embolectomy肺动脉栓子切除术
resection of arterial aneurysm动脉瘤切除术

Urology泌尿科
cystoplasty膀胱成形术
cystostomy膀胱造口术
nephrectomy肾切除术
nephrostomy肾造口术
nephrolithotomy肾石切除术
orchiectomy睾丸切除术
prostatectomy前列腺切除术
renal biopsy肾活检
renal transplantation肾移植
urethra-lithotomy输尿管结石切除
urethroplasty尿道成形术
vasoligation输精管结扎术

Neurosurgery神经外科
decompression减压术
excision of brain tumor脑瘤切除术
exploratory craniotomy开颅探查术
lobectomy（脑）叶切除术
removed of intracranial hematoma颅内血肿清除术
repair of dura defect硬脑膜缺损修补术

Dentistry牙科
dental prosthetics镶牙
filling牙填充
orthodontic treatment牙矫正术
periodontal treatment牙周治疗
tooth extraction拔牙

Gynecology & Obstetrics妇产科
amniocentesis羊膜穿刺术
cervicectomy子宫颈切除术
cesarean section剖宫产术剖腹产
culdocentesis后穹隆穿刺术
dilatation of the cervix宫颈扩张术
excision of Bartholin cyst巴氏腺囊肿切除术
hysterectomy子宫切除术
induction of labor引产术
ovarian cystectomy助产术
oophorectomy卵巢切除术
salpingectomy输卵管切除术
sterilization绝育术
uterine curetlage刮宫术
vulvectomy外阴切除术

Ophthalmology & Otorhinolaryngology五官科
aspiration of cataract白内障吸出术
closed reduction of nasal bone鼻骨闭合复位
corneal grafting角膜移植
enucleation of eyeball眼球摘除术
excision of turbinates鼻甲切除术
extraction of intra-ocular foreign body眼内异物摘除
laryngectomy and laryngostomy喉切除术和喉造口术
lens extraction晶体摘除
mastoidectomy乳突切开术
myringotomy鼓膜切开术
myringoplasty鼓膜成形术
nasal polypectomy鼻息肉切除术
septoplasty（鼻）中隔成形术
sinusotomy鼻窦切开术
submuscous resection of nasal septum鼻中隔粘膜下切除术
tonsillectomy扁桃体切除术
tympanoplasty鼓室成形术

6.常用药物名称
Antibiotics抗生素
albomycin白霉素
ampicillin氨苄青霉素
berberine黄连素
carbenicillin羧苄青霉素
cephaloridine先锋霉素II
cephtlothin先锋霉素I
chloromycetin氯霉素
erythromycin红霉素
furbenicillin呋苄青霉素
gentamycin庆大霉素
griseofulvin灰黄霉素
kanamycin卡那霉素
meecamycin, medemycin麦迪加霉素，麦迪霉素
neomycin新霉素
penicillin G青霉素G
polymyxin B多粘菌素B
streptomycin链霉素
terramycin合霉素
terramycin土霉素

Sulfonamides and Furane Derivatives磺胺类及呋喃类药
furacilin呋喃西林
furazolicone呋喃唑酮，痢特灵
sulfacetamide (SA)磺胺醋酰
sulfaciazine (SD)磺胺嘧啶
sulfadimidine (SM2)磺胺二甲嘧啶
sulfamethoxazole新诺明，磺胺甲噁唑
trimethoprim (TMP)增效磺胺

Sedatives and Tranquilizers镇静、安定药
chlordiazepoxide, librium利眠宁
chlorprom