人教版高中英语人教版选修八unit3导学案教师版.doc

Teaching & Learning Plans for Compulsory Book 8 Unit 3 Inventers and inventions
黄州西湖中学高二英语学科导学活页案 年级：_______ 班级：______ 学生姓名：________ ：___月___日

黄州西湖中学2011届高二教学案 第6页 共6 页
Unit 3 Inventers and inventions
课型一：阅读课(warming up, pre-reading, reading and comprehending)
课型二：词汇课(Discovering useful words and phrases)
课型三：语法课(Discovering useful structure)
课型四；语言技能课(Using language)
课型五：写作课(Reading and writing)
课型六：测试课

课型一：阅读课
教学内容Warming up; Pre-reading; Reading; Comprehending
教学目标
1. 了解科学发现与创造发明的区别及发明产生的过程和专利认定的标准。
2. 掌握本单元教学目的和要求中的词汇和短语的用法。
3. 熟悉掌握过去分词做定语、表语和宾语补足语的用法。
4. 进一步熟悉打电话用语和书信格式，并学会写求职信。
短语：patent, courtyard,distinguish, monitor, release, claim, file, bear, dot, tap, reproduce，merciful, product, cube, cubic, caution, valid, convenient, expectation, passive, merry, seize, criterion, ripe, string,
glue, freezing, greengrocer, identification, directory, dial, file, ripe, dynamic, tap, wire, straw, current, helicopter, triangle, stable, associate, practical, court, extension, version, competence
Period 1
自主学习&合作探究
Warming up
Task 1. 说说中国古代的四大发明是那些。
Gun powder (火药) compass (指南针) printing papermaking
Task 2. 讨论Warming up问题， 欣赏一些图片，说一说哪些是发现，哪些是发明，并总结出发现和发明的特点。
Task 3. 说一说你所知道的伟大发明以及这些发明对人类生活的产生了哪些重大影响。
Pre-reading
Task 4. 讨论Pre-reading 中的问题，了解发明家为了让其发明得到认可所必须通过的六个程序，并预测一下这几个程序的先后顺序。
Task 5. 预习课文，试着翻译下面的句子，可以小组讨论.
1. Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing
something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them.
这回我有机会来表现一下自己了。我要发明某种仁慈的东西，既可以把蛇捉住，而又不会伤害它们。
2. The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that
might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to
kill snakes.
我所做的第一件事就是看看有没有现成的任何产品能帮助我。但是，看来只有一种毒蛇的药粉。_
3. Between the outside and the inside walls of the bowl there is some
jelly, which freezes then cooled, I put the bowl into the fridge and
waited for 24 hours.
在碗的内壁和外壁都抹上果冻，这些果冻冷却后会冻结。我把这个碗放进冰箱，冷冻了24个小时。_
4.The next morning I carried in my hand a small net used for catching fish.This was in the expectation that the snakes would bite again. But monitored carefully, the snake s proved to be no trouble and all went according to plan.
第二天早晨我的手里拿了一个捕鱼用的小网。这是因为我预料蛇还全再咬人。但是经过仔细监视，证明这些蛇是制造不了麻烦的，一切都按计划进行着。_
5. Pressed by my friends and relations, I decided to seize the
opportunity to get recognition for my successful idea by sending
my invention to the patent office.
由于朋友和亲戚的敦促，我决定把我这次的发明运到专利局去，请他们对我这次成功的思路给予认可。_
6.The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted
unless they are truly novel. (P21)
(评定）专利标准非常严格，除非新的想法真是新颖的，否则很难被接受__
成果展示
Task 6 展示自主学习&合作探究任务成果。
Period 2
自主学习&合作探究
Reading
Task 1. Fast-reading. 找出文章主旨大意。
1) The text tells the problems of ________and presents the procedures of ____________ them and applying for a ___________.

2） 将课文分为四部分，找出每个部分的大意。
Part I （Para1） The requirement of getting a patent.

Part II (Para2-3) The attempts to catch the snakes.

Part III (Para 4-6) The discovery of the problem of the
snake.
Part IV(Para7-8) The research on the approaches to
solve the problem.

Task 2. Detailed reading 完成下列表格
Paragraph
Stages
Examples in this story
1
Find a problem
The snake must be ________but not______

Do research
Look for ________ of removal; the ______ of snakes

Test the solution several times
Try_____ times to make it work____________

7
Apply for a patent

Fill in the form and filed patent application with the Paten Office

Task 3 完成课后练习一（P21）
成果展示
1. 展示自主学习&合作探究任务成果。
2. 教师总结并评价。
检测反馈
Period 3-4
课型二：词汇课(Discovering useful words and phrases)
学习目标：
学习并掌握本单元所学的词汇和短语。
自主学习：
1. 【原句】When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset. (P20)
我给住在乡下的母亲打电话的时候，她感到很心烦。
观察例句：
▶Your letter calls up those pleasant days when we worked together.
你的来信使我回想起往日我们一起工作的快乐日子。
▶The makers have called in some cars with dangerous faults.
制造商已经要求把某些有大毛病的汽车收回。
▶Success calls for hard work.
要想成功, 必须苦干。
归纳总结：
call up____________________________
call back ___________ call out _______________
call in ____________ call at_______________
call for ___________ call on ________________
根据提示写出下面电话用语
① call up = ring up= ring= call 打电话
② call back = ring back 回电话
③ hang on/ hold on 不挂断电话
④ ring off 挂断电话
⑤ answer the phone 接电话
即学即练：
根据句意填入适当的介、副词
①The government calls____ the youth to donate their blood voluntarily.
②He is ill; you should call____the doctor right away.
③Please tell him to call ____. My number is 5766490.
④I shall cal____ his home tomorrow, and could you go with me?
2. Snakes come near the house now and then，and they seem to have made their home here，not far from the walnut tree. (P20)
蛇时不时地爬到房子附近，似乎是在房子附近离胡桃树不远的地方安家了。
观察例句：
▶Everyone needs a pat on the back now and then.
每个人都需要不时地得到鼓励。

▶He went to see his grandmother every now and then.
他时常去看他的祖母。
思考：表示“时而，有时”的同义词或短语还有哪些？
【思考提示】sometimes；from time to time；every now and again, at times, once in a while, occasionally等。_
归纳总结：
now and then偶尔；有时
即学即练：
①他时常提出一些奇怪的问题。
He raises some strange questions now and then .
②我喜欢偶尔去看电影。
I’d like to go to the cinema now and then .
3. 【原句】Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them. (P20)这次我有机会来表现一下自己了。我要发明某种仁慈的东西，既可以把蛇捉住，又不会伤害它们。
1)distinguish
观察例句：
▶Jim distinguished himself in the examinations, reaching the top place in all his subjects.
吉姆考试成绩突出, 所有的科目都名列前茅。
▶People who can’t distinguish between colours are said to be colour-blind.
不能辨别颜色的人被称为色盲。
What was it that distinguished her from her classmates?
是什么使得她有别于班上其他同学呢？
归纳总结：
distinguish vi. ＆vt. 显示……的差别，使……有所不同；辨别
distinguished adj.卓越的，著名的，杰出的
distinguishable adj.易分辨的，能区分的
distinguish between...and...区分/辨别……和……
distinguish...from...使…有别于…，使……具有区别于……的特征
be distinguished for...因……而出名
distinguish oneself (as...)（作为……）表现突出
distinguish by 以……为特征
即学即练：
完成句子
①作为运动员她已经享有盛名。
She has already distinguished herself as an athlete. (distinguish)
②孩子们几岁的时候才能明辨是非？
At what age are children able to distinguish between right and wrong? (distinguish)
③是什么使得她有别于她的同班同学？
What was it that distinguished her from her classmates? (distinguish)
2) Merciful
观察例句：
▶The merciful king saved the young officer from death.
仁慈的国王把年轻的军官从死神手中救了出来。
▶They had little mercy on their enemy.
他们对敌人决不留情。
▶They were lost at sea, at the mercy of the wind and weather.
他们在海上迷了路，任凭风和天气的摆布。
归纳总结：
merciful adj. ______________________ mercy n. ____________
mercifully adj._____________ mercilessly adv.______________
show no mercy to____________________
have mercy on ________________________
at the mercy of _________________________
即学即练:
用mercy的不同形式填空
The merciless king showed no mercy and decided to kill all the prisoners; at last the merciful queen saved them.
4.【原句】I set about researching the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them. (P20)
于是我就着手研究蛇的习性，以便能找到最简单的方法来捕蛇。
观察例句：
▶We set about our task at once with great enthusiasm.
我们立刻兴致勃勃地开始我们的任务。
▶ Setting the chair aside, he sat on the floor.
他把椅子搁到一旁, 坐在地板上。
思考： set about 和set out表示“开始做……”时在形式上有什么不同？
不同点主要体现在其后所接的非谓语形式上，即：
set about doing sth. set out to do sth.
归纳总结：
set about____________________
set out ________________ set off_________________
set back_________________ set down_________________
set aside_________________
即学即练：
完成句子
①她每周都省出一点钱以备将来之需。
She set aside a little money each week for future use. （set）
②如果你想赶上火车，你最好立刻动身去火车站。
If you want to catch that train you’d better set off for the train station immediately. （set）
5. 【原句】They abruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall. (P20) 它们突然一下子就消失在附近的墙洞里了。
观察例句：
▶The school is at convenient distance from my home.
学校在我家附近。
▶The place is convenient for bathing.
这地方适合游泳。
▶Come by to pick me up at your convenience.
在你方便的时候来接我。
▶在你方便的时候请来看我们。
［误］Please come to see us when you are convenient.
［正］Please come to see us when it is convenient for you.
归纳总结：
Convenient adj. 便利的；方便的; 就近的
convenience n.方便，便利；适宜；省事
It is convenient for sb.to do sth.做某事对某人来说是方便的
be convenient to...到达某处很方便
at one’s convenience在方便的时候；在适宜的地方
at your earliest convenience尽早
for convenience为了方便
即学即练：
完成句子
①如果你方便的话我想去拜访你。
I would like to visit you if it is convenient for you . (convenient)
②互联网让我们间的联系便利了。
Internet makes it convenient for us to get in touch with each other. (convenient)
6. 【原句】This was in the expectation that the snakes would bite again. (P21) 这是因为我预料蛇还会再咬人。
观察例句：
▶He took an umbrella with him in expectation of rain.
他预料天会下雨, 带了一把伞。
▶The plan has succeeded beyond our expectation.
这项计划竟出乎我们意料地获得了成功。
归纳总结：
expectation n. 预料；期待；期望
come/ live up to one’s expectation________________________
beyond expectation _____________________
in expectation of _____________________
即学即练：
完成句子
①他的表演辜负了我们的期望。
His performance didn’t live up to our expectations . (expectation)
②我一向喜欢他的电影，但最新的一部没有我料想的那么好。
I usually enjoy his movies，but the latest one didn’t come up to my expectations . (expectation)
难句解析：
7. The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me，but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes. (P20)我所做的第一件事就是看有没有什么产品能帮助我，但是，看来只有一种毒死蛇的药粉。
点拨：
（1）句中but连接两个并列分句，现对其结构分析如下：

(2）there seemed to be是there be句型的变体，表示“似乎有……”。there be句型中的be有时还可以换成其他表示“有，存在”的词，如live，stand， lie，remain等。
即学即练：
一句多译
由于没有牛奶了，所以他去超市买一些。
①As there was no milk, he went to the supermarket to buy some. （主从复合句）
②There being no milk, he went to the supermarket to buy some. （独立主格结构）
8.Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor. (P21)只有得到那种认可，你才可以说自己是一个真正的发明家。
点拨： only＋状语（副词、介词短语或状语从句）位于句首时，句子需部分倒装。
▶Only when the war was over was he able to get back to work.
只有战争结束了，他才能回去工作。
▶Only you are responsible for what you will become in the future.
只有你对你自己的未来负责。
即学即练：
只有用这种方法你才能学好英语。
Only in this way can you learn English well .

Period 5
课型三：语法课(Discovering useful structure)
教学内容:复习过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语
教学目标
掌握过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语。
自主学习&合作探究
Task 1 找出划线部分在句中所做的成分。
1. The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes.
2. I placed the frozen bowl over the snakes’ habitat …
3. The next morning I carried in my hand a small net used for catching fish.
4. Look at the excited boy!
5. So many thousands of terrified people died.
6. Everyone present was very inspired at his speech.
7. You seem frightened.
8. We found everything around changed.
9. The readers wished the serial story continued.

Task 2 观察下列例句，归纳过去分词用法。
一、 过去分词作定语
▶The question discussed yesterday was very important.
昨天讨论的问题很重要。
▶fallen leaves落叶
▶faded flowers凋谢的花
1） 过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义
归纳总结：
及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成，即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者，且该动作已完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语时仅表示完成。
2）位置
▶A watched pot never boils. 心急锅不开。
▶This will be the best novel of its kind ever written.
这本小说将是这类小说中写得最好的。
▶The suggestion（which had been) sent to the committee was adopted. 呈送给委员会的建议被采纳了。
归纳总结：
单一的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的名词之后。过去分词及过去分词短语作定语一般均可以转换为一个定语从句。

二、过去分词作表语
▶I am pleased with the result of the experiment.
我对试验结果很满意。

归纳总结：
过去分词作表语，通常表示主语所处的状态，这时过去分词可以被看作一个形容词, 是形容词化的过去分词。常见的有:seated, surprised, astonished, amazed, moved, exhausted, worried, devoted, pleased, inspired, encouraged, excited, delighted, satisfied, scared, frightened, disappointed等。
三、过去分词作宾语补足语
1. I must get my bike repaired.我必须请人修理自行车。
The girl was found beaten black and blue.
人们发现那女孩被打得青一块紫一块。
▶When we got to school，we saw the door locked.
当我们到学校时，我们看到门被锁上了。
▶They are going to have the entrance hall painted white.
他们准备让人把门厅粉刷成白色。
归纳总结：
作宾语补足语的过去分词一般是及物动词，通常和宾语有逻辑动宾关系。

观察以下几组例句，总结出过去分词做宾语补足语的四个结构：
We thought the game lost.
我们认为球赛输了。
She felt a great weight taken off her mind.
她觉得心里轻松了些。
1）归纳总结：
see, hear, watch, feel, find, observe, notice, look at, listen to 表示感觉和心理状态的动词；

I have my hair cut once a month.
我每个月理一次发。
He was trying to make himself understood.
他正努力使别人听懂自己。
“have + 宾语 + done”结构有三个含义：
① (请人)把某事做完。
She had her house repaired. 她请人把屋子修好了。
Where did you have your hair cut?你在哪儿理的发?
② 遭遇某种意外情况。
He had his hat blown away on his way home.
在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。
She had her wallet stolen yesterday. 昨天她的钱包被偷了。
③ 完成某事 (自己也可能参与)。
I have had all my spelling mistakes corrected.
我把所有的拼写错误都改正了。
He has had one thousand yuan saved this year.
他今年已存了1000元。

2） 归纳总结：
动词-ed形式可作使役动词的宾语补足语, 这类动词包括make, get, have, keep, leave, hold等。

He won’t like such questions discussed at the meeting.
他不喜欢在会议上讨论这样的问题。
The students wish the TV serial plays continued.
学生们希望电视连续剧继续播下去。
3)归纳总结：
动词-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命令等动词的宾语补足语，这类动词包括like, want, wish, expect, order等”这一类动词的后面作宾语补足语。

With many brightly colored flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden. 周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花, 他的房子看上就像一座漂亮的花园。
With fallen leaves buried in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer.
随着落叶每年被埋在土里，土壤变得越来越肥沃。
4） 归纳总结：
过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾补”这一结构中, 过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。

四、现在分词与过去分词的区别
▶I know the man standing there. 我认识站在那儿的那个人。
▶Is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活动吗?

Period 7-8
课型四；语言技能课(Using language)
教学内容Listening and speaking & Reading,
教学目标
了解电话发明者贝尔的发明及其成功的原因。
自主学习&合作探究.
Task1 讨论：
What great inventors do you know? What are their great inventions?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________

Task 2. Get the main idea of the text.
The text mainly tells us some information about Bell and his inventions

Task 3. Get some general information of Bell.

Task 4. 完成课后练习 P26.

自主学习&合作探究
Language points：
1. 【原句】I cannot bear the smell of sausage burnt on the barbecue. (P24)我忍受不了烤肉架上烤香肠的味道。
观察例句：
▶We will bear all the expenses. 我们将承担所有的费用。
▶She was unable to bear. 她忍受不了啦。
▶He can’t bear being laughed at. 他不能容忍被嘲笑。
▶You must bear in mind what your parents have told you.
你要记住你的父母告诉你的。
▶Who will bear the responsibility? 谁将承担责任?

▶You must be ready to endure hardships and even death.
你必须准备忍受艰苦, 甚至死亡。
归纳总结：
bear vt. (bore, born（e）) 忍受；忍耐；负担
bear doing/n./to do...忍受……
bear sb./sb.’s doing sth.忍受某人做某事
bear sb./sth.out证实；为……作证
bear with sb./sth.耐心对待；容忍
bear sth.in mind牢记
bear the responsibility/ blame 承受责任/受责备
即学即练：
翻译下列各句中动词bear的汉语意思
①I can