高中英语必修二第二单元重点.doc

高中英语必修二第二单元重点、难点 Unit Two The Olympic Games
1、How many countries competed in the ancient Olympic Games? 有多少国家参加古代奥运会？
compete vt. 竞赛；竞争 用法归纳：
（1）compete in +运动项目
Shall I compete in the 100 meters race? 我能参加100米比赛吗？
More than 20,000 athletes competed in over 250 events in Beijing Olympic Games in 2008.
2008年北京奥运会上两万多运动员参加了250多个项目的竞赛。
（2）compete against / with + 对手 和…竞赛 /竞争
You can’t compete against him, he is a top player. 你不可能和他竞争，他是个顶级运动员。
Our firm is small, but we want to compete with big ones on even ground.
我们公司不大，但我们想在同等条件下和大公司竞争。
（3）compete for + 目标 争夺；夺取
The two students competed with each other for the highest score. 两个学生为了夺取最高分互相竞争。
They came to compete for gold medals. 他们为夺金牌而来。
联想扩展：competition n. 竞争；比赛 in competition with… 和…竞赛 competitive adj. 有竞争力的
competitor n. 竞争者 competent adj. 胜任；称职 competence n. 胜任；能力
易混辨析：race , match , game , competition , contest 比赛
race 指短跑比赛、接力赛等速度上的竞赛。
match 代表队之间的公平比赛，尤指球类比赛。
game 为了娱乐或锻炼，根据某种规则以胜负为主的比赛；既可是体力的，也可是脑力的。还可指多局比赛中的其中一局，其复数形式指大型运动会。
competition 指力量、技术和能力的比赛。
contest 正规比赛：一般要有评委班子，并要评出奖励等次。

2、What do the five rings on the Olympic flag stand for?奥运会会旗上的五环代表什么？
stand for 用法归纳：
（1）代表
The five rings on the Olympic flag stand for the five continents. 奥运会会旗上的五环代表五大洲。
What does VOA stand for? VOA代表什么？
（2）主张；提倡
Our school stands for honesty in exams. 我们学校提倡考试中诚实。
We still stand for our view. 我们仍然主张我们的观点。
（3）容忍
I can’t stand for your rudeness. 我忍受不了你的粗鲁。
People from the south can’t stand for the coldness in Xi’an in winter. 南方人受不了西安冬天的寒冷。
特别提示：stand for 表示“容忍”时，多用于否定，和can’t / couldn’t 连用。
联想扩展：stand against 反对；经受住 stand by 袖手旁观 stand on 坚持 stand out 显眼；突出 stand over 监督
stand up 站起来；成立 stand together 团结在一起 stand up for 支持；为…辩护 stand up to 经受住；敢于面对
即时活用：“X” _______ for the unknown quantity.A. puts B. stands C. sits D. goes 答案：B

3、We hold our games every four years. 我们每四年举办一届奥运会。
本句中every表示“每；每隔”。句型为 every + 基数词 + 名词复数 = every + 序数词+名词单数。
I go to the rest home to do something for the old every five days. = I go to the rest home to do something for the old every fifth day. 我每五天（每隔四天）去养老院为老人做点事情。
特别提示：（1）翻译为“每隔”时，英语翻译为汉语时数字减一；汉语翻译为英语时数字加一。
（2）基数词后面的名词用复数；序数词后面的名词用单数。
（3）表示距离时不宜翻译为“每隔”。
（4）every two +名词复数=every second + 名词单数 = every other + 名词单数 “每两…”或“每隔一…”。
Please write your composition every other line to make room for the teacher’s correction.
请隔一行写作文，为老师留下改正的空间。
联想扩展：every day 每天 every now and then 不时 every time 每次；每当 in every way 在多方面
即时活用：The Asian Games, like the Olympics, take place______.
A. every four year B. every fourth year C. each four years D. each fourth year 答案：B

4、Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.
只有达到他们各自项目统一标准的运动员才会被接受参加奥运会。
admit vt. & vi. 用法归纳：
（1）允许进入
They at last admitted us into the hall by giving them some money. 给了他们一些钱后他们终于让我们进入了大厅。
My daughter was admitted to Yucai middle school this year. 我女儿今年被育才中学录取了。
（2）承认
A. + 名词或代词
Hou Yaohua should openly admit his mistakes. 侯耀华应该公开承认他的错误。
He only wanted to make more money, he admitted it. 他只是想多赚钱，他承认。
B. + 从句 He admitted that he had lied to us. 他承认对我们撒谎了。
C. + 动名词 The boy admitted ringing the door bell. 那个男孩承认按门铃了。
D. 跟不定式构成的复合结构
The student admitted himself to have cheated in the exam. 那个学生承认考试作弊。
特别提示：考试中多考admit + doing用法。
即时活用：With the development of our country, more and more students ____ to universities.
A. admit to B. admitted to C. are admitted D. are admitted to 答案：C

5、Do you mean the Greek world? 你指的是希腊世界吗？
mean vt. 用法规定：
(1)意思是 I at last realized what he meant. 我终于明白了他的意思。That means that you are fired. 那就是说你被解雇了。
特别提示：mean表示“意思是”时，后面跟名词或从句。
(2) 意味着
Gathering clouds usually means rain or snow. 不断聚集的乌云意味着要下雨或下雪。
Doing nothing means wasting. 什么都不做就是浪费。
特别提示：mean表示“意味着”时，后跟名词或动名词。
(3) 有意义；有价值
Your friendship means much to me. 你的友谊对我有很大意义。
The money he has means little to him. 他的钱对他没多大意义。
特别提示：mean表示“有意义；有价值”时，后跟 much, little, a great deal, everything, nothing等词。
（4）打算；计划
I didn’t mean to be rude to you yesterday. 昨天我本没想对你不礼貌。
Once he means to do something, nothing can stop him. 一旦他计划做某件事情，就没什么能阻挡他。
特别提示：mean表示“打算；计划”时，后跟不定式。
即时活用：
1、I’m really sorry to you, Tom, but I didn’t mean ______ you.
A. hurting B. to hurt C. to have hurt D. having hurt 答案：B
2、---I hear you and Mike will spend your vacation in Nepal next spring. ---Yes. We______.
A. mean to B. mean C. mean to be D. meaning 答案：A
3、To get into the habit of smoking means ______ one’s own life short.
A. to make B. make C. making D. made 答案：C
4、They were known as “ aborigines”, _____ “the first people of the country”.
A. it means B. which mean C. that means D. meaning 答案：D
5、I need your help. Your friendship is a great help to me. I________.
A. meant it B. mean C. meant D. meant serious 答案：A
6、Closing the factory means _____ more workers out of work.
A. to put B. put C. putting D. being put 答案：C

6、That sounds very expensive. 那听起来好像很贵的。sound在这里被用作感官动词，表示“听起来”。
感官动词用法归纳：
（1）常见的感官动词有：look 看起来；sound听起来；feel感觉起来；taste尝起来；smell闻起来。
（2）感官动词在句子中作系动词，后面一般只跟形容词。
This kind of cloth feels soft. 这种布料摸起来软软的。
（3）由于感官动词有实意动词的形式，感官动词的各种变化和实意动词相同。
The food doesn’t look nice. 这个食品看起来不好。I am feeling terrible now. 我还感到很难受。
（4）感官动词后不能直接跟名词，如果要跟名词，在感官动词和名词之间要加like。
Her voice sounds like a nightingale. 她的歌声听起来像夜莺一样。
特别提示：感官动词没有被动式，所以不能用感官动词的过去分词作状语。
及时活用：
1、He said when the earthquake happened, it ______ a train running under the ground floor.
A. was sounded as B. sounded like C. sounded as D. was sounded like 答案：C
2、Mrs White found her husband surrounded by letters and papers and_______ very worried.
A. to look　　　B. looked C. looks　　　 D. looking 答案：D
3、The flowers _____ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D to be smelt 答案：B
4、I like this warm weather. It feels _____ spring. A. like B. as C. like as D. as like 答案：A
5、– How did you pay these workers? --- Well, as a rule, they were paid ________.
A. by an hour B. by the hour C. by hours D. by a hour 答案：B
6、– How can I help you the most? --- __________.
A. For you to stay B. To stay C. By staying D. With your staying 答案：C

7、She was so angry that she said to her father that she would not marry anyone who could not run faster than her.
她那么生气，所以她告诉父亲她不会和跑不过她的人结婚。
marry vt. & vi. 用法归纳：
（1） 结婚（vi.）
If I can’t find a man who can satisfy me, I will never marry. 如果我找不到一个令我满意的男人，我将永远不结婚。
（2）和…结婚（vt.） Mike will marry Jane next week. 下星期迈克要和珍妮结婚。
（3）为…主持婚礼 Minister, would you please marry us next week? 牧师，你下星期能为我们主持婚礼吗？
特别提示：marry常用于下面句型。
（1） A marry B
（2） A be married to B
（3） A and B get / be married
特别提示：（1）marry后的介词用to，切记不能用with。
(2)A marry B句型多用于过去时态或将来时态。A be married to B 和A and B get / be married 句型可以用于各种时态。
即时活用：
1、My uncle _______ until he was forty-five.
A. married B. didn’t marry C. was not marrying D. would marry 答案：B
2、When their first child was born, they _____for three years.
A. had married B. got married C. had been married D. had got married 答案：C

8、Her father said that she must marry, so Atlanta made a bargain with him.
她的父亲说她必须结婚，于是亚特兰大就和她的父亲达成了一个协议。
这里bargain是名词。用法归纳：
（1）协议；交易
The young couple made a bargain that the wife cooked and the husband washed up.
那对年轻夫妇达成了一个协议，妻子做饭丈夫洗碗。
（2）廉价货 The coat is a real bargain, it costs only 50 Yuan. 那件大衣真是便宜货，只要50块钱。
联想扩展：
make / strike a bargain 达成协议 it’s / that’s a bargain 我同意
bargain 还可作动词，表示“讨价还价（vi.）”。
At present you should bargain hard with the seller when buying anything.现在买东西时你应该和卖东西的人好好讨价还价。
联想扩展：bargain away 廉价出售 bargain for 预计；预期

9、When she stops to pick it up, you will be able to run past her and win.
当她停下来捡它（金苹果）时，你就可以跑过她并且获胜。
pick up用法归纳：
pick up有很多意思，下面把常用的列出来以便同学们学习、记忆。
（1）Please pick up the book from the floor. 请把地上的书捡起来。（捡起；拾起）
（2）Where did you pick up the beautiful dress? 你在哪儿买的这件漂亮衣服？（顺便买到）
（3）Can you pick me up at the school gate? 能到学校大门口接我吗？（用车接人）
（4）My radio can pick up VOA clearly. 我的收音机能清晰接收到美国之音。（接收）
（5）He has picked up a bad habit. 他染上了一个坏习惯。（染上）
（6）I picked up English while I was in London. 在伦敦时我学会了英语。（顺便学习）
（7）He picked up the girl at the party. 他在晚会上认识那个女孩。（无意间认识）
（8）The patient is picking up after the operation. 手术后病人正在恢复。（恢复）
联想扩展：pick at 吃的很少 pick off 摘下来 pick on 选择；找茬 pick out 挑选；认出
即时活用：
1、When he got there, many mini-buses were parking there to ______ passengers.
A. pick up B. pick out C. pick for D. pick in 答案：A
2、Kathy ____ a lot o Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls.
A. picked up B. took up C. made up D. turned up 答案：A
3、Under good treatment, Linda is beginning to ____ and will soon recover.
A. pick up B. pick out C. turn up D. show up 答案：A
4、– I heard Back Street boys will sing at the New Theatre. --- Where did you _______?
A. pick that up B. put that up C. make that up D. take that up 答案：A
5、After staying in hospital for long, the patient was advised to go to the seaside to ___ his health.
A. take up B. pick up C. carry up D. make up 答案：B

10、Do you think Hippomenes deserved to win the race? 你认为西波墨涅斯应该赢吗？
deserve vt. 值得；应受到… 用法归纳:
(1) + 名词或代词
You’ve been working all morning, you deserve a rest. 你已经工作一上午了，你需要休息一下。
A forced help deserves no thanks. 一个被迫的帮助不应该感谢。
（2）+ to do
The murderer deserves to be sent to prison. 杀人犯应该被关进监狱。
You always work hard, you deserve to succeed. 你一直工作很努力，你应该成功。
（3）+ 从句或动名词
The farmer deserves what he has got. 那个农民应该得到他已经得到的东西。
Such bad behavior deserves beating. 那样的坏行为应该揍一顿。

11、Apart from playing at school I go to sports school every weekend.
apart from 用法归纳：
（1）除…之外= besides
Apart from learning English at school, I often go to an English corner in a park near my home.
除了在学校学习英语外，我还常去我家附近公园的英语角。
Apart from money, there is nothing in the envelop. 除了钱，信封里什么也没有。
（2）只是…，除掉… = except for
It’s a good piece of work, apart from a few slight faults. 除了一些小缺点外，这不失为一件漂亮的工作。
Apart from English writing, I study every subject well. 除了英语写作，我其他课都学得不错。
特别提示：apart from既可表示“包括在内”，也可表示“不包括在内”。既可放在句首，也可放在句中。
（3）脱离；远离
She keeps herself apart from other people. 她与别人保持距离。
His use of language sets him apart from most other modern writers.他对语言的运用使他和别的现代作家不同。
即时活用：______ them, I had no one to talk to .
A. Take apart B. Set apart C. Fall apart D. Apart from 答案：D

12、This is important because the more you speak English, the better your English will become.
这一点很重要，因为你说英语越多，你的英语就会越好。
the more you speak English, the better your English will become. 是比较级前加定冠词的用法。
用法归纳：
（1）当表示比较范围的词不用than而用of时。He is the taller of us two. 他是我们俩中较高的。
（2）叙述两个中“较…”时。
There are two rooms in the house, the smaller is served as a kitchen. 房子里有两个房间，较小的那个作厨房。
（3）含有选择的特殊疑问句中。 Which is the larger country, China or Canada? 那个国家更大些，中国还是加拿大？
（4）The +比较级 + 主语 + 谓语，The +比较级 + 主语 + 谓语 表示“越…就越…”句型
The harder you study English, the easier it becomes. 你越努力学英语，英语就越简单。
The longer you stay with him, the better you will know him.
和他在一起呆的时间越长， 你就会越了解他。