仁爱版七年级英语下册单元话题知识点归纳(七).doc

Unit 7 Topic 1
一、 重点词汇和短语
二、 语言点
Section A
1.When was she born,…?他什么时候出生的，…… ?
当表达某人出生于某时或某地时，用一般过去时was/ were born。如：Where were you born? 你在哪儿出生的？
2. she was born in July, 1965 .她出生于1965年7月。
在具体的某日前，用介词on； 在月份或年份前用介词in。
如：on April 1st, 2005 在2005年4月1日 in June, 1970 在1970年6月 in 2004 在2004年
3.年份的读法:
Section B
1.When is your birthday, Kangkang? 本句中的when是特殊疑问句， 表示“什么时候”，有时相当于what time.但是when的适用范围较广，可以对年月日，几时几分等进行提问；而what time常对具体的几点几分进行提问。 When do you want to go to Beijing?你想什么时候去北京? What time do you usually go to bed?你通常什么时候(指几点钟)睡觉？
2. —What’s the date today? 今天是几号？
—It’s May 8th. 5月8日。
What’s the date today?是询问日期的句型
3. How do you plan to celebrate it?你打算怎样庆祝？
plan to do sth.打算做某事
4.My friends want to have birthday party for me.
have a birthday party举办生日聚会
5.基数词变序数词的规律
1, 2, 3 要牢记, 结尾各是t,d,d;
8去t，9去e; ve要用f 替；然后再加th;
整十变化需注意， ty变成tie, 后面再加th;
假如遇到“几十几”，只变个位就可以
Section C
1. …what’s the shape of your present? 你的礼物是什么形状？
对物体的形状提问常用句型 “What’s the shape of…?” What’s the shape of`····?= What shape is ·····?
2.—What color is it?它是什么颜色？
—It’s black and white.是黑白相间的
对物体的颜色提问常用句型：What color ·····？
3. Oh! I get it. I get it. 我猜到了。此处的get 表示明白, 理解的意思, 相当于know 或understand.
4. —May I have a look?
—Sorry, I’m afraid you can’t.
I’m afraid 恐怕,（委婉拒绝）
5. – What do we use it for? – We use it to keep pencils, use… for （doing）sth. / to do sth. 意为 “用……做……” for后常接名词和动名词，而to后接动词原形。
Section D
1. Mr. Brown and his daughter, Mary, are planning to celebrate it. plan. n. 计划, 打算 v. 计划, 打算
plan to do sth. 打算做某事 I am planning to visit the Grate Wall.
2. want v. 想, 想要 want sth. 想要某物=would like sth
want to do sth. 想要做某事=would like to do sth.
want sb to do sth. 想要某人做某事=would like sb. to do sth.
3. in 和on 的用法:
1). in 后面加表示一段的时间。如: 年, 月, 季, 午, 时等。如: in 1992, in May, in spring, in the morning, in an hour
2). on后面加表示具体某一日的时间。如: on +星期, on Sunday, 在星期日, on +具体的某月某日, on October 2nd / on a rainy morning.
三、语法
1、学习序数词及日期的表达方法
基数词变序数词的规律
1, 2, 3 要牢记, 结尾各是t,d,d;
8去t，9去e; ve要用f 替；然后再加th;
整十变化需注意， ty变成tie, 后面再加th;
假如遇到“几十几”，只变个位就可以
日期的表达方法
①月日，年 May 21st, 2001 读作：May twenty-first, two thousand and one
②日月，年 25th May, 2001 读作：the twenty-fifth of May, two thousand and one
2、be 动词一般过去时的基本用法
一般过去时通常表示过去发生的而现在已经结束的事件、 动作或情况。动词用其过去式。 我们主要讲述系动词be的过去时。
1. 肯定句：主语 + was/were +其它。
如: I was born in China. You were ten in 2004.
2. 否定句： 主语+was/were +not +其它。
如:I wasn’t here yesterday. We weren’t at school last week.
2. 一般疑问句及其回答：
Was /were + 主语+其它? 简略回答: Yes, 主语+was/were. No, 主语+ wasn’t/weren’t.
——Were you twelve last year.
——Yes, I was. / No , I wasn’t .
3. 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + 一般疑问句?
如:Where were you last year?
四、重点句型及交际用语
1. ---Where was she born?
----In the U.S.A.
2. ---When were you born?
---I was born in May, 1995.
3. ---What’s the date today?
---It’s May 8th.
4. ---what’s the shape of your present?
----It’s round.
5.---what’s shape is it?
---it’s a cirele.
6. ---How long is it?
--- It is ···· centimeters long/wide.
7. ---What do we use it for?
---We use it to keep pencils, rules, erasers and so on.
Topic 2
一、 重点词汇和短语
have a good time, be good at, do well in, at the age of
二、 语言点
Section A
1. what would you like to do at Kangkang’s birthday party? 在Kangkang的生日聚会上你想做 什么？
What would you like to do?=What do you want to do?
would like 想要 would like sth. 想要某物
would like to do sth.=want to do sth. 想要做某事
would like sb to do sth. 想要某人做某事
2.play the piano 弹钢琴
play + the +琴棋 play the guitar/violin/piano
play + 球类运动 play soccer / basketball
3.I can only sing English songs.
can 在本句中表示能力。如： -- Can you swim? -- No，I can’t.
4.Oh, do you want to sing Chinese songs or English songs? 哦，你想唱中文歌还是英文歌？
该句为选择疑问句，是说话者对问题提出两个或两个以上的选项，让对方作答。
其结构是：一般疑问句或特殊疑问句加选择部分，选择部分用or连接。回答时必须选择其中一项回答，不能用yes或no回答。
如：— What can you do at the party, sing a song, play the guitar or dance? 在聚会上你会表演什么，唱歌，弹吉他还是跳舞？
— I can play the guitar.我会弹吉他。
5.I’m sure we’ll have a good time at the party.我相信我们会在聚会上玩得开心
主语（人）+be sure+(that)宾语从句 确信/肯定„
be sure to do sth.一定要/务必要做某事
have a good time=enjoy oneself=have fun
6. can 的用法。 can, 情态动词, 能, 会, 可以。后跟动词原形。 can+动词原形, 其后谓语动词没有人称的变化. e.g. She can fly a kite. 否定形式 : can + not = can’t I can’t swim.
疑问句形式: Can + 主语+动词原形…? 简单回答: Yes, …can./ No,…can’t.
——Can you play the guitar?
——Yes, I can. / No, I can’t.
Section B
1.Welcome! Welcome! 欢迎，欢迎！ Welcome back / here!
欢迎回来/到这儿来。
2. What else can you do? else 形容词, 其他的, 常放在疑问代词和不定代词的后面。 如： something else /nothing else.
3. I’d like to take these flowers to the party.我想把这些花带到聚会上去 take带到。
take sth to somewhere. 把某物带(去)到某处
bring 带来,拿来 与take 的方向相反
4. take photos/pictures (of sb.) （给某人）照相
take a photo/picture （of sb.） （给某人）照相
Section C
1. be good at 相当于do well in, 意为 “擅长于…，在…方面做得好”，后面常接名词、代词或动名词。
2. have a good time.
have a good time 意为“玩得开心”。这是一个固定短语，类似的表达还有：have a nice time/great/wonderful time.
Section D
1. When she was three, she could play the piano. 当她三岁的时候,
她会弹钢琴了。 when, 当什么时候, 在这引导一个时间状语从句.类似的词语有: while, 当什么时候；before, 在…以前；after, 在…以后；as soon as, 一…就；until, 到…(的时候)为止；not …until, 直到…才: I didn’t go to bed until my came home.
2. She could draw very well at the age of five… 她五岁的时候, 画画就能画得很好。 句中at the age of five 也可以表达为when she was five (years old)
3. With her mother’s help
with one’s help=with the help of sb. “在某人的帮助下”
三、语法
1、情态动词can/could的用法
情态动词本身有各种意义，但不能单独作谓语，只能和动词一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情感。没有人称和数的变化。
⑴.can和could的几种句式
肯定式 否定式 缩写否定式
现在式 can can not can’t
过去式 could could not couldn’t
⑵can/could的用法
①表示一般的能力，指现在、过去无论什么时候想做就能做到的能力。could表示过去的能力，can表示现在或将来的能力。
a) A hen can’t swim.母鸡不会游泳
b) I couldn’t play the piano until I was five years old.我直到五岁才会弹钢琴
②表示“理论上的可行性”，即事件或情况可能发生但并不牵涉到是否会真的发生。有时指一时的情况，常译为“有时候会”。
③在否定句和疑问句中，can表示可能性，有惊异、怀疑、不相信之意，这时can与could没有时间上的差异，只是could语气要轻一些。
④用could比用can更加迟疑不决，没有把握时用could。
⑤当表示允许别人做某事时，用can而不用could。
⑥表示提议和请求。在语气上could较客气，但can较肯定。
2、选择疑问句
选择疑问句是指提供两种或两种以上的情况以供对方选择的疑问句，有两种形式：
⑴一般疑问句形式：一般疑问句+or+对照选择项。回答不用Yes或No,而直接选择
如： —Would you like milk or tea?
—Milk, please.
—Can you dance the disco or perform ballet?
—I can dance the disco.
⑵特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问句，A选择项+or+B选择项。直接选择答案进行回答。
如：—How do you usually go to school, by bike or on foot?
— By bike.
Topic 3
一、重点词汇和短语
enjoy oneself, at once(=right now), come back, video game, tell a lie, blow out, fall down, hurt oneself, lie to sb. ,tell the truth, make„by hand, make a silent wish, in one breath at the party,
三、 语言点
Section A
1. Did Kangkang enjoy himself ?
enjoy 喜欢
enjoin +sth.喜欢某物 He enjoyed English.
enjoy +doing sth. 喜欢做某事 I enjoying playing basketball.
enjoy + oneself =have a good/nice/wonderful time过得高兴,玩得开
心
Section B
1.What’s the matter?=What’s wrong? = What’s up? 怎么了？（什么事？）
2. I missed the chair and fell down. 我没坐到椅子，摔倒了。
miss 在这里有“错过”的意思
fall down摔倒
3.Did you hurt yourself? 你伤到你自己了吗？
hurt adj. （身体上）受伤的 v. 伤害；受伤；感到疼痛
hurt oneself 伤了某人自己
4.Go and wash them at once.
and在这里表并列关系，前后两个动词形式要一致
at once = right now立刻，马上
Section C
1.His parents bought lots of food and drinks for us. buy sth. for sb= buy sb. sth..为某人买某物 。
2. Each of us gave Kangkang a birthday card, too. 我们每个人又送给康康一张生日卡片。
each of us意为“我们每个人”。
⑴each of/ each one of / every one of 后接复数名词或代词，作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 如：Every one of them is going to plant trees. 他们每个人都打算去植树。
⑵ each，every“每一个” each表示一定数目中的每一个，强调个人或个别。指两者或两者以上中的每一个。
a) each student is here.每个学生都到了
every表示数目不确定的许多人或物中的每一个，强调整体。
指三者或以上中的每一个
b) Every student is here.所有的学生都到了
3. We made the cards by hand. 我们亲手制作了卡片。
by hand （靠）手工
make„by hand 手工做„„
4. We all sat around the cake. 我们都围坐在蛋糕旁。
sit around 围着……坐
5. Kangkang made a silent wish, and then he blew the candles out in one breath. 康康默默地许了一个愿，然后一口气吹灭了蜡烛。
make a wish 许愿
blow out吹灭
5. have fun in doing sth.玩得高兴
三、语法
1、行为动词的一般过去时
⑴. 一般过去时结构
1). 肯定句: 主语+谓语动词的过去式+其它, 谓语动词不随人称的变化而变化。She saw a film last week.
2). 否定句:主语+didn’t +动词原形+其它。 He didn’t have breakfast this morning.
3). 一般疑问句: Did + 主语 + 动词原形+其它 ?
简单回答: Yes, 主语+did. / No, 主语+ didn’t. Did you go to the zoo last Sunday? Yes, I did./ No, I didn’t.
4). 特殊疑问句: 疑问词 + 一般疑问句? What did you do yesterday?
⑵. 用法
1). 表示过去的动作或存在的状态 Kangkang had a birthday party last Friday.
2). 表示过去连续发生的动作 He went home and sat down.
⑶一般过去时常见的时间状语（标志词）
last+week/month/year/--- , 时间段+ago, at the age of+数字，when---was---years old, yesterday, just now, a moment ago等
2、动词过去式的规律:
① 一般情况v+ed . 如：play —played, perform — performed
② 以不发音的e结尾的+d . 如：dance — danced, recite —recited
③ 以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i+ed. 如：carry —carried, study — studied, worry —worried
④ 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词, 先双写辅音字母, 再加ed . 如： plan — planned , stop — stopped
附：不规则动词分类记忆表
1、 只改变动词的原音字母
begin — began drive — drove blow — blew come — came drink — drank ride — rode grow — grew sing — sang give — gave shine — shone know — knew run — ran sit — sat write — wrote swim — swam get — got draw — drew hang — hung forget —forgot fall — fell hold — held
2、 只改变动词的辅音字母
2、 make — made send — sent spell — spelt spend — spent
3、动词原形与过去时相同 cost —cost fit —fit hurt —hurt let —let put— put read —read
4、动词的过去式以ought或aught结尾 buy — bought think — thought bring — brought teach —taught catch — caught
5、在原单词后加一个辅音字母 burn — burnt learn — learnt mean — meant hear —heard
6、去掉一个元音字母 meet — met speed — sped
7、其它 stand — stood take — took can — could sleep — slept keep — kept leave — left be — was/were do — did eat — ate find — found fly — flew go — went have —had lie — lay light — lit lose — lost say — said see — saw speak — spoke tell — told wear — wore