人教版高中英语必修二Unit2知识点详解.doc

Part 1. Warming up
1. How many countries competed in the ancient Olympic Games?
compete vi.比赛;竞争
常用搭配：
compete in...在某一方面竞争
compete for...为...而竞争
compete with/against... 与...竞争
How many runners will be competing in the marathon?有多少运动员参加马拉松赛跑？
The two teams compete for the championship. 那两队要争当冠军。
He believed that nobody could compete with him. 他相信没有人能与他抗衡。
词汇扩展：
competition n.比赛competitive adj.有竞争力的competitor n.比赛者；对手
The students competed ____ the honor of winning ____ each other _____ the school sports meeting.
A. for, against, in B. in, with, against C. against, for, at D. about, in, with
2.Who couldn’t take part in the ancient Olympic Games? 
take part in意为：参加 
复习join,join in,join sb.in (doing) sth.,take part in,attend区别，详见必修1Unit1
3. What do the five rings on the Olympic flag stand for?
stand for (指缩写或符号)代表；象征；倡导，支持，主张，
写出下列stand for的意思。
(1)Pine trees stand for courage and strength.__代表，象征_______
(2)We stand for fair competition in the Olympic Games._倡导，支持，拥护
联想拓展
stand by 袖手旁观；无动于衷
stand by sb. 支持sb；站在sb一边
stand out 显眼；突出
stand up 站起；站立；起立
Stand aside 1.站到一边；
2.不参与，不介入，置身事外
The American flag ________ (代表)freedom and justice.
His red hair made him _________(引人注目) in the crowd.
How can you _________(袖手旁观) and see him accused of something he didn’t do?
She ___________(站到一边）to let us pass.
Part 2. Pre-reading, reading and comprehending
1.Pausanias, who was a Greek writer 2,000 years ago, has come on a magical journey to find out about the present day Olympic Games. Pausanias是2000前的一位希腊作家，他做了一次魔幻的旅行，来打听当代奥林匹克运动会的情况。
go/start/ come/ be on a journey 进行旅行My father is away on a journey.
find out about 弄清有关……的情况
The police are trying hard to find out about the accident.
2. I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games more than 2,000 years ago. 我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”，我曾经写过２０００年前奥林匹克运动会的情况。
what 引起宾语从句，并在从句中作call的宾语，“Ancient Greece”作宾补。what相当于the place that，因此what不能改为that，也不能改为where，因为where 只能作状语。
After many days’voyage, they arrived in what is called America now.
After a long journey, they came to what was called “Gebi Desert”.
used to do表示过去经常做某事
be/get used to doing“习惯于”The man got used to living in the countryside.
be used to do=“被用于做……”,是被动语态Wood can be used to make paper.
3.every four years 每四年;每隔三年
表示“每多少时间/距离，每隔多少时间/距离”
every 基数词 + 复数名词
序数词＋单数名词
every four years= every fourth year 每４年，每隔３年
“每隔一”Every other + 单数名词
每隔几...: every few+复数名词
每两周，每隔一周every two weeks/every second week/every other week
Usually, medicine should be taken _____________________________.（每四小时）
Some of you go back home ____________________ _.（每隔一个星期）
He likes reading very much, so he goes to the bookshop______________.（每隔几天）
4.Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.
admit
(1)许可(人或物)进入;让……进入
Only one hundred boys are admitted to the school every year.
(2) 容纳The theatre admits only 200 persons.
(3) 承认；供认
I admit my mistake.
He admitted having done wrong.
常用句型：
be admitted as... 被接受为……
be admitted to / into被准许进入……
admit sth / doing sth 承认某事/做过某事
admit that 承认……
It is / was admitted that普遍认为……
经典例句
(1)He    　　　   a member of the basketball team.他被接受成为篮球队的一名队员。
(2)Only 200 children the school every year. 那时每年只有200名儿童获准入学。
【答案】(1)was admitted as    (2)were admitted to / into
即时训练
①He the car without insurance. 他供认驾驶了这辆没有保险的车。
②Luckily, he a key university last year.幸运的是,去年他被一所名牌大学录取了。
【答案】①admitted driving　②was admitted to / into
5.It’s in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races,together with swimming,
sailing and all the team sports.正是在夏季奥运会上才有赛跑、游泳、帆船和所有的团队体
育项目。
此句为一个It is...that...强调句型。强调句型的结构为 .
6. No other country could join in, nor could slaves or women.其他国家都不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不行。
句子结构为:nor / neither+系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语。此句型是一个倒装句,意为“……也不”,用于否定陈述句之后,说明后者的情况与前者相同。
If you won’t go, neither / nor will I. 如果你不去,我也不去。
nor 用作连词，引起倒装句，意为“也不”。
He never went again, nor did he write to apologize.
I don’t know, nor do I care.
I have never been dishonest, nor do I mean to start being so now.
用“so +助动词+主语”结构,表示肯定陈述句之后说明后者情况与前者相同。so it is with sb / It is the same with sb表示“某人也是这样”,该结构用于前句中既有肯定又有否定或两个不同类的谓语动词.
----He is an honest worker and works hard. 他是一位诚实的工人，而且工作很卖力。
—So it is with you. 你也是这样的。
—Tom likes playing basketball but he can’t play well. 汤姆喜欢打篮球，但他打得不好。
—So it is with me.
真题探究
(1) Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and  .
A.I was neither 　　 B.neither was I C.I was either 　　 D.either was I
(2)If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party, .
A.he will either 　　B.neither will he C.he neither will 　　D.either he will
7. Women are not only allowed to join in but play a very important role, especially in…妇女不仅被允许参加,她们还在体操、竞技和团队等比赛项目中起着非常重要的作用……
not only...but (also)... 意为“不仅……而且……”。当此结构连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词的单复数要和邻近的主语保持一致。若not only置于句首,其所在的分句需要采用部分倒装。
He not only said it, but also did it. 他不但说到了,而且也做到了。
句式仿写
(1)不仅你而且他也要为此事负责任。
(2)他不但学习刻苦,而且很聪明。
【答案】(1)Not only you but also he is responsible for it.
(2)Not only does he work hard, but also he is very clever.
真题探究
(1)(2011新课标全国)Only when he reached the tea-house it was the same place he’d been in last year.
A.he realized 　　B.he did realize C.realized he 　　 D.did he realize
(2)(2009海南) The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only  , but students became more interested in the lessons.
A.saved was teachers’energy B.was teachers’energy saved
C.teachers’energy was saved D.was saved teachers’energy

allow vt. 允许
allow + sth. 允许……The law doesn’t allow such an action.
allow + sb. + to do 允许……干……My parents won’t allow me to stay out late.
allow + doing 允许干……The police don’t allow parking in the street.
8. .....,and a gymnasium as well.
as well也;又;而且(意思等同于too和also,但as well只能置于句末)
as well 用于肯定句，只用于句尾
also 用于肯定句，常用于句中(动词前面或系动词be后面)
too 用于肯定句，通常用在句尾，前面常有逗号；也可用在句中，前后都有逗号。
either 用于否定句，常用语句尾。
He _____ plays the piano.
He plays the piano _____.
He, , play the piano.
He plays the piano, _____.
He doesn’t play the piano, _____.
用法拓展
as well as as well as意为“不仅……而且……;既……又……;除了……之外(还
有);和……一样”。
(1) 同级比较，“与…一样好”
翻译：你的作业完成的跟他一样好。
(2)既……又；也；又。
连接并列主语时，谓语应与前面的主语保持人称和数的一致.
eg: I as well as my sisters am going to the park for a picnic this Sunday.
as well as后接动词时，一般用ing形式。
填空：1）The teacher as well as some students_______(be) interested in the question.
2) She sings as well as _________ (play) the piano.
(3)as well as作介词，相当于besides,in addition to,意为“除……之外”，后面通常接名词或动词-ing形式。
他不但摔断了腿，而且还伤了胳膊。
As well as breaking his leg ,he hurt his arm.
(4)may / might as well do意为“不妨……;还是……好”。
We might as well ask him for some advice. 我们不妨向他征求一些建议。
9.There’s as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.
归纳总结
（1） as...as...意为：像……一样，正如，第一个as是副词，修饰形容词或副词的原级；第二个as是连词，引导比较状语从句，从句中常常省略与主句相同的成分。在否定句中也可改为not as/so...as...,意为“不如……”。常用结构as + adj / adv +as as + adj + n+ as..
本句第二个as省略了competition among countries.
（2）有关as...as的短语：
as soon as一……就……
as/so long as只要
as much/many as多达……；达到……之多
so/as far as远至……；就……而言
as well as也；又
as...as possible尽可能
高考链接：
It is generally believed that teaching is _________ it is a science.
A. as art much as B. much an art as
C. as an art much as D. as much an art as
解析：答案D。根据题意，此处需用as…as 结构，所以B项不对，A,C为语序错误，只有D项结构正确，全句意为“一般认为，教学如同科学一样是一门艺术。”

10.After that the 2012 Olympics will be held in London.在那之后2012年奥运会将在伦敦举办。
真题探究
Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future to the well-educated.
A.belongs 　 　B.is belonged C.is belonging 　　D.will be belonged
11.A new village for the athletes and all the stadiums will be built to the east of London. 一个新的运动员村和所有的体育场馆将在伦敦以东修建。
真题探究
In the near future, more advances in the robot technology by scientists.
A.are making 　　B.are made C.will make 　　 D.will be made
Part 3. Learning about Language
charge vt收费，控诉；充电； n.费用 。
charge sb.for sth.因……向某人收费
charge sb.with sth.指控某人犯有……
charge sth.(up)充电
free of charge免费
in charge of掌管；负责
in the charge of在……的掌管下
take charge of掌管；负责
完成句子
(1)饭店收了我们40英镑的酒水钱。
The restaurant ________________________.
(2)昨晚他们逮捕的那人被指控犯有谋杀罪。
The man they arrested last night __________________________.
(3)在10英里范围之内，您的定货将免费送货上门。
Your order will be delivered ________________ within a ten mile limit.
(4)我这就把学校交给你掌管。
I’m leaving the school _______________.
(5)父亲去世后他掌管了农场。
He ________________________ after his father’s death.
(6)My MP3 can't be used now, for it is _____________.
我的MP3现在不能用，正在充电。
答案：charged us ￡40 for the winewas charged with murder free of charge
in your charge took charge of the farm being charged_

Part 4. Using Language

1. She was so angry that she said to her father that she would not marry anyone who could not run faster than her.
marry v. (和某人)结婚；嫁；娶；把…嫁给…
常用结构
marry sb. 娶某人，嫁给某人（marry后不加介词）
marry sb. to sb. 把某人嫁给某人
get/be married (to sb.) （与某人）结婚
联想拓展
marriage n. 结婚；婚姻
married adj. 已婚的
易混辨析marry/get married/be married
marry与get married强调动作，不能与表示时间段的状语连用; be married强调状态，可以与表示时间段的状语连用。
可以说She married/got married two years ago.或She has been married for two years.
高手过招
单句改错
①She married to a poor writer.
②They got married for ten years.
答案：①去掉to ②got→have been或for ten years→ten years ago
2.Her father said that she must marry,so Atlanta made a bargain with him.
bargain
n. 协议；廉价物,便宜货
v.（与某人）讨价还价; 洽谈成交条件；谈判；讲条件
常用结构
bargain with sb. about/over sth. 就某事与某人讨价还价（讲条件）
make a bargain with sb. about/over sth.就某事与某人达成协议
a good (bad) bargain买得（不）合算
即学即用
（1）在市场上商人正和种植者就咖啡的价格进行商谈。
In the market dealers were growers the price of coffee.
（2）他和他的合伙人约定，要互通信息，毫无保留。
He and his partner to tell each other everything.
答案（1）bargaining with over （2）made a bargain
3.She promised to help him and gave him three golden apples.
promise vt. 允诺;答应 vi.有希望;承诺;答应 n. 诺言;承诺;迹象;征兆
用法拓展
promise sth答应某事
promise sb sth / promise sth to sb答应某人某事
promise (sb) to do sth 答应(某人)做某事
promise (sb) that... 答应(某人)……
keep / carry out one’s promise 信守诺言
break / go back on one’s promise 违背诺言
promising adj. 有希望的;有前途的
经典例句
(1)She  that she would come back.她答应她妈妈会回来。
(2)This year another good one for harvest. 今年看来又是个丰收年。
【答案】(1)promised her mother    (2)promises to be
即时训练
完成句子
The girl (有望成为) a good dancer if she is well trained in an art school.
【答案】promises to be
3. Do you think Hippomenes deserved to win the race? 
deservevt.&vi.应受(报答或惩罚); 值得
联想拓展
deserve sth. 值得;应受，应得（好，不好）
deserve doing=deserve to be done=deserve sth
The thief deserves punishing.=The thief deserves punishment.=The thief deserves to be punished.
这个小偷理所当然会受到惩罚。
deserve to do sth应该、值得做….
[即学即练]桂林值得一游。
Guilin deserves _________________.
＝Guilin deserves _____________________.
=Guilin deserves_______________________.
a visit to be visited visiting
注意识记 deserve it罪有应得；活该；名至实归
(1)对，我打了他，但是他该打。Yeah，I hit him but he ____________.
(2)他获得一枚金牌，这是理所应当的。
He was rewarded with a gold medal. He certainly _________.
(3)这两本书真值得读。 The two books ___________________.
deserved it deserved it deserve to be read

考题回扣
【例1】The play next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.（安徽高考）
A.produced B.being produced
C.to be producedD.having been produced
解析 句意为：下月将要完成的那个戏剧主要反 映当地的文化。play与produce之间为被动关系，又因next month为将来的时间，而A项指过去已完成的动作；B项指正在被完成的动作；而D项经常作状语，也表示已经完成的动作，故均可排除。答案C.
课文原文
It’s a great responsibility but also a great honor to be chosen. .
【例2】His sister left home in 1998,and since. (宁夏高考)
A.had not been heard ofB.has not been heard ofC.had not heard of D.has not heard of
解析 句意为：他的妹妹自从1998年离开家后一直杳无音讯。根据句意，指从1998年后到现在一直没有音讯，故应用现在完成时，排除A和C项；又因他的妹妹和hear of之间是被动关系，故排除D项。答案B
课文原文
So even the olive wreath has been replaced!
【例3】Now that we’ve discussed our problem,are people happy with the decisions ?
A.taking B.take C.taken D.to take
解析 句意为：既然我们已经讨论了我们的问题，人们对我们做的决定满意吗？decision和take之间是被动关系，而A、B、D均表示主动，不合题意。
课文原文
There was a man called Hippomenes who was amazed when he heard of Atlanta’s rules,...
【例4】—Shall we have our picnic tomorrow?
— it doesn’t rain. (山东高考)
A.Until B.WhileC.Once D.If
解析 句意为：——明天我们去野餐吗？——只要不下雨（就去）。
课文原文
If he can’t run as fast as me, he will be killed.
【例5】I like this house with a beautiful garden in front,but I don’t have enough
money to buy . (四川高考)
A.one B.it C.this D.that
解析 代替前面提到的事物用it;one泛指一类中的任何一个。此时it代替前面的this house。
课文原文
...but when they heard of her rules they knew it was hopeless.

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