高一英语知识点总结(2).doc

必修I--unit 1
I---1 Friendship
一、知识点
1. be good to 对……友好
be good for 对……有益；be bad to…/be bad for…
I will be good to other people.我会善良的对待其他人.
It would be good for you to spend a holiday in the sun. 在有阳光的地方度假会给你带来很多好处。
The Olympics will be good for business. 奥运会的召开将有利于商业的发展。
be good at 擅长make good 有成就；成功as good as 实际上；几乎等于
a good deal 许多，大量 彻底的；完全的；痛快的to have a good drink 喝个痛快
2. add up 加起来
add up to 合计，总计
add… to 把……加到…… add to 增加
Add up your score and see how many points you get? 把你的分数加起来，看看得多少？
Some people can add up quite easily in their heads, but not all.
Good friends do not add up what they do for each other; instead they offer help when it is needed.
The figures add up to 270. 这些数字加起来是270。
You shouldn't add fuel to the flame 你不应该火上加油
Fireworks added to the attraction of the festival night. 焰火使节日的夜晚更加生色。
The bad weather added to the shipwrecked sailors’ difficulties.恶劣的天气增加了失事船只的船员们的困难。
Your friend can not go until he finishes cleaning his bike.
not…until/till 意思是“直到…才”，表示主句谓语所表示的动作直到until状语所表示的时间才发生，主句的谓语动词表示的是动作的开始，动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的。
They did not come back until eleven. 他们会在十一点后回来。
I did not notice it until yesterday.我一直到昨天才注重到它。
4. You had to pay to get it repaired
get sth done 使……完成/让某人做某事
5. You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.
I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely!
calm …down使平息, 使平静
calm down平息/平静下来
The crying child soon calmed down.哭闹的小孩不多一会就安静下来。
It was a long time before he managed to calm himself down. 过了很久他才努力使自己冷静下来。
We tried to calm him down, but he kept crying.
我们试图让他平静下来，但他仍不停地哭着。
6. Tell your friend that you are concerned about him. be concerned about关心，挂念
He was very concerned about his children's education. 他很关心他儿子的教育。
Please don’t be concerned about me.请别为我操心。
Why is she so concerned about his attitude to her work? 她为什么那么关注他对她的工作的看法？
7. Your friend has gone on holiday and asked you to take care of his dog.
go on holiday 度假
be on holiday 正在休假
What fun it will be when we all go on holiday together.我们大家一起去度假那可太有意思了.
take care of 爱护，照料
take care 注意，当心
You are not (physically) strong, so you may as well take care of your health. 你的体格不壮，因此最好注意健康。
8. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose. 在遛狗的时候，你一粗心松开了手中的狗链。
当while, when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时，可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。
walk sb home/ to a place: 为保证安全而陪某人去某地 It’s late ---- let me walk you home.
9. take one’s end-of-term exam 参加期末考试? ???
10. 3) Your friend, who doesn’t work hard, asks you to help him cheat in the end-of-term exam.（非限制性定语从句）
cheat in the exam 考试作弊
11. look at someone else’s paper 看别人的试卷
12. make a list of reasons 列举一些原因
13. Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? 你想有一位无话不谈、能推心置腹的朋友吗？
14. go through遭遇；经历；熬过；用光(钱)；获准，通过
It can go through the test of the time. 它能经受时间的考验.
She knew that she had got to go through all the difficulties with her family.
He would go through fire and water for his country. 他愿为国家赴汤蹈火。
15. hide away??躲藏；隐藏
16. I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do,…我不愿像大多数人一样在日记中记流水账，……
Why don't you set your ideas down on paper?
We have had a series of stormy days when we were on the island.
The police asked him to set down what he had seen in a report. 警察让他在报告中写下他所看见的事情。
16. I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
17. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.??我记得非常清楚，曾有一段时间，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未使我心醉神迷过。
18. I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.
有一天晚上，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮一次。
19. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn't dare open a window.但是因为月光太亮了，我不敢打开窗户。
She speaks French far better than I, so I don't dare talk with her in French.
20. I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open. 黄昏时我碰巧在楼上，那时窗户是开着的。
sth happen to sb 某人发生某事
What happened to him?
sb happen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事? ?正巧 it so happened that 。。。
It happened that he was seen by his father. = He happened to be seen by his father.
他碰巧被他父亲看见了。
As I was about to go out and search for him, he happened to come in. 正当我打算出去找他时，他恰巧进来。
The street lights go on at dusk. 街上的路段在傍晚时分亮起来。
21. It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face. 这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。
It is the first (second…etc) that… (从句谓语动词用现在完成时)
It was the first (second…etc) that… (从句谓语动词用过去完成时)
the first time 可作从属连词用，引导时间状语从句。The first time I saw her, my heart stopped.
It was the first time that I talked with a foreigner face to face.
I think we need a face-to-face talk so as to clear the misunderstanding.
I have often heard of her. Actually, I've never met her face to face.
22. in one’s power 处于……的控制之中
I have got him in my power. I can ask him to do anything I want. 我控制了他，我可以让他为我做任何事。
23. It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.观看这些已不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。
It’s no good/ use doing sth. 做某事时没用的。
24. She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place.
25. suffer from 患…病; 受…苦痛;遭受
Most of the important cities of the world suffer from traffic jam. 世界上大多数大城市都交通堵塞为患。
26. It was such fun to watch it run loose in the park.
27. I’ve got tired of looking nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows.
28. I need to pack up my things in the suitcase very quickly.
29. Mum asked her if she was very hot with so many clothes on.
with+名词/代词(宾格)+分词/形容词/介词短语/不定式/副词在句中常作伴随状语。动词形式的选择取决于宾语同动词之间的逻辑关系。
The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.
30. have some trouble with sb or sth. 在……上遇到了麻烦
I have some trouble with my studies.
31. get along … with sb/sth. 与某人相处怎样/某事进展如何？
If you have some trouble (in) getting along with your friends, you can write to the editor and ask for advice. 如果你在和朋友的相处上有问题，你可以写信给编辑向他征求建议。
32. This has made me angry.
…he made her diary her best friend…
make 后接复合宾语，宾语补足语须用不带to 的不定式、形容词、过去分词、名词等。常见的有以下几种形式:
make sb. do sth.让(使)某人做某事。He was made to repeat it.(注意在被动句中，不定式前要加to)
make sb. /sth. +adj.使某人/物…We should do our best to make our country stronger and more beautiful.
make sb./ oneself +v-ed 让某人/自己被…When you speak, you should make yourself understood.
(4) make sb.+n. 使某人成为…
make it n. /adj.+(for sb.) to do sth. We made him leader of our team. (注意表示职位的名词前不加冠词)
He made it easy for us to understand the text.
33. I’m not good at communicating with people.
34. Although I tried to talk to my classmates, I still found it hard to make friends with them.
35. I do want to change this situation, but I don’t know how.
36. Mr. Jones lives alone and often feels lonely. 琼斯先生单独一人生活，常常感到孤独。
37. I would be grateful if you could give me some advice.? ?如果您给我提些建议，我会非常感谢的。??（I would be grateful if…??委婉客气提出请求）
38. join in discussions and show interest in other people’s ideas
39. It’s a good habit for you to keep a diary.? ?记日记对你来说是个好习惯。
40. Why not have a try?
41.True friends are like wine; the older, the better.
42. People are told that their actions should be as gentle as the wind that blows from the sea.
43. A friend in need is a friend indeed.

必修I--unit 2
I---II English around the world
一、知识点
1. go to the pictures去看电影（美）；go to the movies 去看电影（英）
2. …list the countries that use English as an official language 列举把英语用作官方语言的国家
3. the road to …通向……之路
4. at the end of在……末端，在……尽头，by the end最后（=finally）
5. because of 因为…… （注意和because 的区别）
Many beautiful fish are fast disappearing because of the severe pollution.因为污染严重，许多美丽的鱼类正在面临绝种。
An argument was inevitable because they disliked each other so much.
争论是不可避免的，因为他们彼此非常厌恶。
6. native English speakers 以英语作为母语的人
7. even if (= even thoug)即使，用来引导一个让步状语从句，后面既可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气，但是even if/even though,引导的从句中不用将来时。如：Even though/if it rains tomorrow, we will leave for Beijing.
8. come up 走上前来，走近，发生，出现 come up with 追上，赶上，提出
9. Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.事实上，当不同文化相互交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所发展、有所变化。
10. be different from… 与……不同
be different in … 在……不同
Most of my projects will be wildly different in performance from one night to the next.
我多数作品每天晚上的演奏风格都各不相同。
As we know, Britain English is a little different from American English.中所周知，英国英语和美国英语有点不同。
11. be based on 以……为基础The relationship between our two countries is based upon mutual respect. 两个国家的关系以相互尊重为基础。This book is based on a true story that happened in the 1930s. 这本书以发生在20世纪三十年代的真实故事为基础。 The reporter asked the writer who he based his character on. 记者问作家他作品的人物是以谁为原型的。
12. at present 目前，眼下be present at 在席；出席present sth to sb / present sb with sth把……推荐，呈现……for the present眼前；暂时present oneself 出席；到场
13. make (great/ good/better/full)use of
We have a lot of work to do, so we have to make good use of time.我们有很多工作要做，所以要好好利用时间。
14. The latter gave a separate identity to Amerian English speaking. 后者体现了美国英语的不同特色。
15. For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. 比如说， 印度拥有众多讲英语流利的人，这是应为英国于1765到1947年统治过印度。(A small number of friends came to help him when he was in trouble)
16. such as 例如
for example In this paragraph there are many nouns, such as boy, girl, and book. 这一段里面有很多名词，例如男孩、女孩和书本。Many great men have risen from poverty---Lincoln, for example. 许多伟人从贫困中崛起，例如林肯。You can take your research work for example.
你可以拿你的研究工作做个例子。
17. Today, the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. 目前在中学习英语的人数正在迅速增长。
18. the largest number of 大多数的
China has the largest number of people.中国有着世界上最多的人。
19. It is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English as fluently as a native speaker. 中国人说英语很难像以英语为母语的人说英语那么流利。
20. One reason is that English has a large vocabulary. 一个原因是英语有很大的词汇量。
21. different English speaking countries 不同的说英语的国家
22. sing sb a song = sing a song for sb
23. turn off
turn on
turn up
turn down
24. hold on 坚持住，握住不放；(打电话时)不挂断，等—会hold on to vt. 拉住(抓牢)
25. believe it or not 信不信由你
26. those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English 人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语
27. … you will hear the difference in the way（that/ in which） people speak. 你会听出人们在说话时的差异。
28. play a role/ part (in) 在…中担任角色；在…中起作用;扮演一个角色；参与
play an important role/ part 在…中起重要作用
Deng Xiaoping played an important part in developing the economy in China.邓小平在中国经济的发展过程中起着重要作用。
29. from one place to another 从一个地方到另一个地方
30. the same …as… 与……一样
31. … they still recognize and understand each other’s dialects. ……他们仍然能够辨别、理解彼此的方言。
32. No problem.没问题
33. a nice fall day = a lovely autumn day
34. at the top of…在…顶上，在最高位，
at the bottom of 在……底部
35. keep fit
保持健康
You need exercise and keep fit.你需要运动和保持体形。
36. build up逐渐积聚，集结；逐步建立；增进，增强
bring up 教养，养育；提出
37. When you learn English, try to have fun with the language. 当学英语的时候，努力找出语言的乐趣。
38. Visitors are requested not to take photos in the museum. 博物馆要求参观的旅客不得在馆内拍照。
39. by candle light 借助于烛光
40. be satisfied with…对……感到满意，满足于
Never be satisfied with just a little success. 不要有一点成绩就满足。
41. She suggested using CDs to listen to English songs and learn English expressions, watching the news and interviews on CCTV 9, and trying to listen to native speakers.她建议用CD来听英语歌曲和学习英语短语，看新闻和中央电视台9套访谈，努力听以英语为母语的人说话。
It is suggested that ...有人提议... I suggest that ...我觉得[认为]
I suggested you do what he says. 我建议你按照他说的去做。
I suggest you not go tomorrow. 我想你明天还是不要去了。
His pale face suggested that he was in bad health. 他苍白的脸色暗示了他身体不好。
42. at sea在海上 当海员 迷惑, 茫然by sea乘船，经海路
by the sea
在海边, 在海岸边 in the sea在海里
on the sea 在海上
beyond/over the sea在海外
She tried to understand the instructions, but she was completely at sea.
她费尽力气想看懂那些说明文字，却全然不知所云。
43. according to … 按照…… He lives according to her means他按他的方式生活

必修I--unit 3
I---III Travel journal
一、知识点
1.prefer
prefer doing to talking 喜欢做而不喜欢说
Which of these two dresses do you prefer? 这两套衣服你喜欢哪一套？
I prerer to go to America for my fruther study. 我更愿意选择去美国进修学习。
Anne prefers me to replace her at the meeting. 安妮更愿意我代替她去参加会议。
1.advantages and disadvantages 优劣
2.How do they make use of it in their daily life? 在日常生活中他们是如何利用它的
3.flow through 流过，流经
4.Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. 从高中起，我姐姐王维和我就一直梦想做一次伟大的自行车旅行。? ?连词since 引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，介词since 与表示过去某一点时间的词语连用，副词since 后不用从句或词语。
It is/has been+一段时间+since+一般过去时(从句中的动作不能延续)自从……至今已经多久了。
since then 自从那时至今 ever since 从那以后一直
5.persuade sb to do sth= persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事
He persuaded her to go to school, even though she did not want to. 即使她不想去上学，他还是说服她去。
6. grow up in western Yunnan 在云南西部长大
7. .After graduating fro college, we finally got the chance to take a bike trip.大学毕业以后，我们终于有了机会骑自行车旅行。
8.It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. 首先想到沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅游的是我的姐姐。
强调句型It is/was…that/who 的用法归纳如下：
强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成份。一般来说，如果被强调部分是人时，用连词that或who；如果被强调部分是物，只能用连词that。 强调句型应避免使用when, where, which 等连词。
含一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的强调句句型:
① 含一般疑问句的强调句型，其结构为：Is it+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其余部分？
② 特殊疑问句的强调句型结构形式为：特殊疑问词+is/was it that/who+句子的其余部分？
9.schedual for the trip 旅行计划
10.be fond of 喜欢，喜爱
Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly.尽管她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她坚持要自己把这次旅行安排得尽善尽美。 （注意1：Although conj. “尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句。拓展：
① although 从句多在句首， though 从句可在主句前、中、后任何位置，而且though 可以作副词用于句末，作“但是，不过”讲，而although 无此用法。
② although 用来陈述事实而不用于假设，所以as though(仿佛，好像)，even though(即使，尽管)中不能用although。
③ though 引导的让步状语从句可以倒装(将表语、状语、情态动词后的动词原形前置到句首，此用法同as),而 although 不可以。注意2：insist 在这里的意思是“坚持要求”后面的that从句用虚拟语气；如果insist 意为“强调，坚持认为”的时候，从句可以用任何所需要的时态。例如：She insisted that she didn’t tell a lie.她强调她没撒谎。另外，还可以用insist on doing sth/ sth. 一定要、坚持主张，如：She insists on getting up early and playing her radio loudly她老是一大早起来把收音机音量开大。）
11.care about details 考虑细节 （The only thing he cares about is money. 他唯一在乎的就是金钱。
care for 喜欢，照料，照顾 I don’t really care for red wine. 我其实并不喜欢红葡萄酒。
Who will care for your child if you are out? 如果你外出了，谁来照顾你的孩子？
12.give me a determined look给了我一个坚定的眼神
13.change one’s mind 改变主意
14.…she seemed to be excited about it. 似乎显得兴奋
15.an interesting experience一次有趣的经历
16.Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. Finally, I had to give in.她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。最后，我只好让步了。Once 可作为从属连词，作“一(旦)……就……”解，连接一个表示时间的状语从句。从句中常用一般现在时，现在完成时表将来。
如：Once you have begin you must continue.
Once printed，the book will be very popular。
17.It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, travelling across wetern Yunnan Province. 它穿过深谷时就变成了急流，流经云南西部。
18.It makes wide bends or meanders through low valleys to the plains where rice grows. 河水蜿蜒缓慢地穿过低谷，流向生长稻