人教版英语必修一重点单词短语词组总结-共4页.pdf

必修一必修一Unit 1重点单词和短语1.add up 合计 add up to共计,总计达 addto 把加在里面、upset sb.某人不安 upset oneself about sth.为某事而烦恼be upset at/about 因而烦恼、ignore sb./sth.忽视，不理会 be ignorant of 对 无知，不了解ignorant adj 无知的，愚昧的 ignorance n 无知.愚昧、calm vt.&vi.（使）平静；（使）镇定 calm down 镇静,平静 calm sb.down 使某人镇静 adj.平静的；镇定的keep calm 保持镇静、concern vt.使担忧；涉及；关系到 n.担心；关注with concern 关切地 show(no)concern for/about sb.对某人(不)关心,concern oneself with/in 参与，干涉 be concerned with 与 有关系be concerned about/for sth./that-clause 为担心，挂念As far as be concerned 就某某而言 concerning prep.关于，有关、walk the dog 遛狗、go through 经历,经受、set down.记下，放下 set down the ideas on paper 把想法写在纸上 set me down at the bus-stop 在车站让我下车、a series of 一系列的,一连串的 a series of books 丛书 a series of stamps 一套邮票 a series of pictures 连环画10、on purpose 故意地=by design=deliberately by chance/accident=accidentally lie to sb.on purpose 故意向某人说谎 on purpose to do sth.为了而特地 go there on purpose to see sb.特意到那里去看某人 for/with the purpose of 为了地目的11、in order to/so as to (do sth.)为了,以为目的 so as to“为了”,只能用在句中。in order that/so that“为了”,其后接句子。12、at dusk 在黄昏时刻 at dawn 在黎明时分13、face to face 面对面地(作状语)have a face-to-face interview with the hero 和这位英雄进行一次面对面的采访 shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地 hand in hand 手拉手地 heart to heart 贴心地 side by side 并排地 back to back 背靠背地 arm in arm 臂挽臂地 word by word 逐字地14、settle sb.使.定居，安家 settle an argument/a matter 解决争端/问题 settle down 定居下来，平静下来，舒适地坐下15、suffer vi.&vt.遭受；忍受；经历 suffer from 因而痛苦,患病 suffer from loneliness 因孤独而痛苦 suffer from a bad cold 得了重感冒 遭受,蒙受(痛苦、饥饿、寒冷、损失等)suffer a heavy loss 遭受严重损失 suffer pain/hunger/cold/death 遭受痛苦;饥饿;寒冷;死亡 sufferer n.受苦者 suffering n.痛苦,苦难16.recover from illness 生病后恢复17.get/be tired of 对 厌烦18.pack(sth.)up 将（东西）装箱打包19.get along/on with get along/on with sb.与某人相处 get along/on with sth.某事进展 get along/on well/nicely/badly with 与处得好/不好;进展顺利/不顺利20.fall in love 相爱，爱上21.join in sth./doing sth.参加活动 join in playing football 参加踢足球 join in the game 参加游戏活动 join 参加组织团体 join the army 参军 join sb.in 和一起参加活动 join them in singing 与他们一起唱歌22、have trouble/difficulty/problem with sb./sth.和某人相处/做某事有困难have trouble/difficulty/problem(in)doing sth.做某事有困难unit 2重点单词和短语because of 因为(后接名词、代词、名词性从句)due to“由于”,作表语或状语;thanks to“由于,多亏”,作表语或状语;owing to“由于”,作表语或状语;as a result of“因为的结果”,作状语;on account of“因为”,作状语2、native adj.本地的,本国的 ones native land/country/language 故乡；祖国；母语 a native speaker of English 以英语为母语的人 be native to（动植物）原产于某地 n.本地人；当地人；原产于某地的动植物 a native of ZhongXiang 钟祥人3、official:adj 官方的；正式的 an official language 一种官方语言 an official document 一份正式文件4、come up:走上前来；被提出；（太阳、月亮）升起；发生 He came up to me and said hello to me Your question came up at the meeting The sun has come up Ill let you know if anything comes up come up with a good idea:想出一个好点子5、base vt.以为根据：base sth.on sth.使以为依据/基础 base ones opinions on facts:意见以事实为依据 be based on:以为依据 n基础：make London the base for revolutionary work 使伦敦成为革命工作的根据地 basis n.根据；基本原则 on the basis of 在的基础上 the basis of/for your opinion 你的看法的依据6、present v.赠送；呈现；介绍；描述 present sth.to sb./present sb.with sth.向某人赠送/颁发/授予/介绍某物 present sb.to sb.else 向某人介绍/引见某人 adj 现在的；在场地 be present at the meeting 出席会议 the present situation 目前的形式 at present/at the present time 目前 everyone present 在场的各位 for the present 眼下；暂时 n.赠品；礼物7、vocabulary 词汇；词汇量 with/have a large vocabulary:词汇量很大 increase/enlarge vocabulary 增加/扩大词汇8、make use of 利用；使用 make full use of 充分利用 make good use of 好好利用 make little use of 不充分利用 make the best(use)of 更好地利用；往好里做 make the most of 更好地利用 His progress in study lies in the good use he made of his spare time We should consider what use can be made of such a material9、such as:用于列举，往往不能把事物全部列出，可以以“名词（,）such as+被列举的事物”和“such+名词+as+被列举的事物”形式出现 Sweet food,such as chocolate can make you fat =Such sweet food as chocolate can make you fat10、command V.命令；指令；掌握 command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事 command(that)sb.(should)do sth.从句中用虚拟语气 n命令;指令；掌握 obey the captains commands 服从船长的命令 give a command 发布命令 by sbs command 根据的命令 take the command of an army:统帅/指挥一支军队 under the command of sb.=under sbs command 在的指挥下 have a good command of English.精通/熟练掌握英语11、request V.请求，要求 request sth.要求/请求得到，索要某物 request sth.from sb.向某人索要某物 request sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事 request that sb.(should)do sth.Its requested that 从句 据要求 as requested 依据请求 n要求，请求 make a request for sth.要求/需要某物 make a request that 从句，要求 by request 应邀 at sbs request/at the request of sb.根据的请求12、play a part in 在中担任角色/起作用 play the part of sb 扮演某人的角色play an important/vital part/role in(doing)sth.在中起重要/至关重要的作用play the leading role/part 起主要作用，起带头作用，演主角13、recognize vt.识别；认出recognize sb./sbs voice.认出某人/听出某人的声音recognize sth./that 从句 承认 recognize sth./sb.to be 承认某人是recognize sth./sb.as sth.正式认可/接受某事/人为recognition n.承认，认出 beyond/out of recognition 认不出来14、a large number of fluent English speakers 许多英语讲得流利的人 the number of people learning English 学习英语的人的数目15、make sense 有道理；有意义；讲得通16、hold on 别挂(电话);坚持17、ask directions 问路 give directions 指路；给予指示 in the direction of 朝方向.in all directions=in every direction 向四面八方18、put sth.down 写下；记下；镇压19、have fun with sth.以为乐Unit 3重点单词和短语1、transport n.运输；运送 the public transport of the city 城市公共运输系统 the transport of goods by air 空运货物 in the process of/during transport/transportation 在运输过程中 v运输；运送 transport(from)to 把从运到 transportation n.运输 a means of transportation 一种运输方式2、prefer vt.更喜欢 prefer coffee to tea.更喜欢咖啡而不是茶 prefer doing to doing 更喜欢干而不愿干 prefer to do rather than do 宁愿干而不愿干 prefer sb to do sth.宁愿让某人做某事 prefer that sb(should)do 更宁愿某人干 preference n.(两者之中)较喜欢的东西；偏好；偏爱 have a preference for 对偏爱 have no particular preference 没有特别的偏好 in preference to 而不是3、ever since.从那以后4、persuade vt.说服；劝服、persuade sb.to do sth.=persuade sb.into doing sth.说服某人做 persuade sb.not to do=persuade sb.out of doing 说服某人停止做；劝阻某人做 persuade sb.of sth.或 persuade sb.+that 从句 使某人相信 persuasive adj.有说服力的 persuasion n.说服；劝说5、graduate.v.毕业 graduate from 从毕业 graduate sb.授予某人学位或毕业文凭n毕业生：a high school graduate:高中毕业生 a science graduate 理学士graduation n.毕业 after/before graduation 毕业后/前6、schedule:n.时间表；进度表 class schedule:课程表 ahead of schedule 较预定的时间提前 on schedule 按照预定的时间，按时 behind schedule 迟于预定的时间；拖后 vt.为安排时间 schedule the meeting for that night 会议的时间定在那天晚上 be scheduled to do sth.预定做某事7、be fond of(doing)sth.be into/crazy about (doing)sth.喜爱（做）某事；对做某事感兴趣 be interested in(doing)sth.8、organize.vt 组织；成立；安排；整理 organize a football match 组织一场球赛 organize your thoughts 整理你的思路 organize sb.to do sth.组织某人干某事9、care about 关心；忧虑；惦念 care for 喜欢；照顾10、determine vt.&vi.确定；决定；使下定决心determine sth.确定某事 determine to do 决定做某事determine sb.to do sth.使某人决定做某事determine on early start=determine to start early 决定早动身 determine+从句determined adj 已决定了的；坚定的；坚决的be determined that 从句be determined to do sth 决定干某事=make up ones mind to doa determined look 坚定的表情 a determined man 意志坚定的人determination 决定；决心 with determination 坚决地a man of great determination 意志坚定的人11、go on/make/take a journey to sp.去某地旅行12、altitude.n.海拔；高处at an altitude of=at a height of 在高度at 表示“在处/时；以”at a price of 以的价格 at a speed/rate of 以速度 at a length of 在长度at a depth/width of 在深度，宽度 at a distance of 在远的距离at the cost of 以为代价13、make up ones mind 下决心 read ones mind 看出某人心思keep ones mind on 专心于 speak ones mind 直言不讳bear/keep sth.in mind 记住某事14、give in(to sb./sth.)(向)屈服；让步；投降 give off 发出（蒸汽、光、热等）give out 分发；筋疲力尽 give way to 让位于；妥协15、pace.n.一步；速度；步调 at a good pace 相当快地keep pace with 跟齐步前进16、attitude,n.态度；看法take a friendly attitude to/towards us.对我们采取友善的态度hold a positive/negative attitude 持积极/消极态度17、as usual:照常18、at midnight 在午夜 at noon 在正午19、flow through sp.流经某地20、insist v.坚决要求；主张insist on(sbs)doing sth.坚决要求（某人）做insist on(my)giving up smoking 坚决要求（我）戒烟insist+从句He insisted that he was right.他坚持认为他是正确的He insisted that he should be set free.他坚决要求他被释放21、go/run like clockwork 按计划进行；进展顺利22、weather forecast 天气预报23、view.n.视野；视力；景色；看法；观点be/go out of view 从视野消失 come into view 进入视线admire the view 欣赏景色 in my view=from my point of view 依我看来take the view that 从句，持有观点 V.考虑；观看view sb.as sth.把看作24、put up the tents.搭起帐篷 put up your hands 举手put up the post 张贴海报 put up ten people for night 为十人提供食宿过夜25、give my love/best wishes to sb.请代我向问好/候Unit 4重点单词和短语1、right/straight away=at once 立刻；马上2、burst(burst,burst)vi.爆裂；爆发 burst into a place=break into a place 突然闯进 burst in 突然插嘴；打断 burst into tears/laughters/flames 突然大哭/大笑/起火 burst out crying/laughing/singing 突然哭起来/笑起来/唱起来 n.一阵 a burst of laughter/applause 一阵笑声/掌声 a burst of anger 怒火的迸发3、as if/though 仿佛；好像4、at an end 结束；终结 in the end 最后；终于at the end(of sth.)在结尾处；在（）结束的时候by the end of this month 在本月末5、ruin n.废墟；毁灭；遗迹 be/lie/stand in ruins 成为一片废墟the ruins of Yuanmingyuan 圆明圆遗迹 v.毁灭；使破产/灭ruin ones health 毁坏某人健康 ruin ones hope 使某人希望破灭6、destroy(destroyed,destroyed)vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭destroy the building 毁坏建筑 destroy/ruin ones hope 使希望破灭destruction n.破坏；毁坏7、track n.轨道；足迹；痕迹 keep track of 记录；掌握的线索8、shock:n.休克；打击；震惊；令人震惊的事 vt&vi(使)震惊；震动be a great shock 沉重的打击 an electric shock 电击The bad news left us speechless from shock 坏消息使我们震惊得说不出话来。be shocked by/at 对感到震惊 a shocking accident 令人震惊的事故9、rescue:n&vt.援救；营救rescue sb.from 从危险中救出 a rescue team 救援队come/go to ones rescue 营救某人 rescuer n.营救人员10、trap vt.使陷入困境 n.陷阱；困境trap sb.in the mud=get/be trapped in the mud 被困在泥巴里面trap sb./sth.into(doing)诱使某人/某物（做）set a trap 设圈套11、dig out(dug dug)掘出；发现dig sth.out of sth.把从里挖出 dig the truth out of him 从他那里查出真相12、bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏bury ones face/head in sth.把脸/头伸到里去bury oneself in=be buried in 埋头于；专心于be buried in thought 陷入了沉思 burial n.埋葬；葬礼13、shelter n.躲避（处）；避身处build shelters for survivors 给幸存者建避难所 v.保护；遮蔽；使住宿 shelter me from blame 保护我免受责难14、judge n.裁判员；法官；vt.断定；判断；判决；认为work as a judge:当法官/裁判 judge sth.from/by sth.由来判断judging from/by sth.由来看（作状语）judge sb.to be 认为某人As far as I can judge 据我判断 judge the case 审理这个案件judgement n.判决；审判；判断 make a judgement on sth.对作出判断15、express vt.表达；用快递邮寄出 express oneself 表达自己express thanks/thoughts 表达感谢/思想 express the letter 用快递方式寄出信件express sth.to sb.=express to sb.sth.向某人表示/表达某事16、rise(rose risen)vi.升高；增长；站在；起床 n.上升；上涨；增升；涨工资rise by 20%增长了 20%rise to 200.增长到 200rise from the chair 从椅子上站起来Early to bed and early to rise is good to your health 早睡早起对身体有好处ask for a rise 要求涨工资 get a rise 升级；涨工资17、run out of 从跑出来；用光（不用被动)18、think little/nothing of 轻视；忽视；对满不在乎think much/highly of 重视；看重；对高度评价think of sb.as 把看作19、reach v.延伸；达成（协议）；得出结论；伸手够到某物；与取得联系The woods reaches as far as the river 森林延伸至河边reach an agreement 达成协议 reach a conclusion 得出结论reach him by telephone 用电话与他取得联系 reach out for sth 伸手去拿 n.够着；达到 out of the reach of sb.在某人伸手够不着的地方within the reach of sb.在某人伸手够得着的地方above/beyond the reach of sb.超出某人的能力20、give out vt.发出（光；热；气味）；分发；发表；发布（消息）vi.用尽；筋疲力尽21、It sounds/looks/feels/seems as if.听/看/感觉起来/看来好像22、in the open air 在户外23、offer/send ones congratulations to sb.on sth.=congratulate sb.on sth.向某人祝贺某事24、honor vt.给予（某人）荣誉；使得到尊敬/荣誉 n.名誉；面子；敬意；引起尊敬的人或物 honor sb.for sth.=be honored for sth.因某事而受到尊敬/表彰 be/feel honored to do sth.做某事感到荣幸 Its a great honor for sb.to do sth.做某事对某人来说很荣幸 She is an honor to this profession.她是这一行业的光荣。have the honor to do/of doing sth.有做某事的荣幸 do sb.an/the honor of doing(sth.)赏光in honor of sb.=in sbs honor 为向表示敬意；为纪念25、without warning 在没有任何先兆的情况下26、the disaster-hit/stricken areas 受灾地区Unit 5重点单词和短语1、quality.n.质量；品质；性质 be of high good/low/poor quality 质量高/低 a man of fine qualities:一位有很多好品质的男子 the qualities of water 水的特性 qualify v.使具体资格（品质）2、mean adj.吝啬的；自私；卑鄙的 Its mean of sb.to do sth.做某事真是太自私/卑鄙了 be mean to sb.about/over sth.在某方面对某人很吝啬active.adj.积极的；活跃的；主动的 be active in 在方面很积极/活跃 take an active part in 积极参与 leadlive an active life 过着积极的生活active voice 主动语态 activity n.活动3、devote vt.(与 to 连用)献身；专心于 devote oneself to sth./doing sth.献身于；专心做某事 devote ones life/time/money/energy to sth./doing sth.把本人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于devoted.adj.忠实的；深爱的be devoted to 专心致志于；忠于；喜欢 a devoted friend 一位忠实的朋友 a devoted mother 一位贤妻良母4、principle n.法则；原则；原理 in principle.原则上；大致上stick to ones principles 恪守自己的原则 on the principle of 根据的原则against ones principle 违背某人的原则5、guidance n.指导；领导guidance on sth.对某事物的指导 offer guidance to sb.给某人提供指导under/with the guidance of sb.=under/with sbs guidance 在某人的指导下6、out of work=be out of a job 失业 out of control 失去控制 out of patience 失去耐心out of reach 够不着 out of date 过时 out of sight 看不见 out of money 钱花光out of mind 心不在焉 out of order 坏了；混乱7、vote vt&vi.投票；选举 n.投票；选票；表决vote on 就投票 vote for/against 投票赞成/反对vote to do 投票表决帮某事；vote+that 从句8、attack vt&vi.袭击；攻击；抨击attack sb.from behind 背后攻击 attack the governments new policy 抨击政府新政策 n.发病；袭击；攻击 make an attack on/against 攻击；袭击；抨击under attack 遭到袭击/抨击 air attack 空袭 a heart attack 心脏病突发9、as a matter of fact 事实上=in(actual)fact=actually10、blow up;使丧气；炸毁 get the tire blown up 给轮胎打气blow up the balloons 给汽球充气 blow up a bridge 炸毁一座桥blow out 吹灭 blow down 刮倒11、equal adj.相等的；平等的；equal pay for equal work 同工同酬be equal to 与相等；等于；能胜任v.等于；比得上 n.同等（对等）的人；对于；匹敌者equal sb in sth=be an equal to sb in sth.在某方面与某人匹敌/势力相当equally adv.12、be in trouble 在危险；受罚；痛苦；忧虑等的处境中ask for trouble 自寻烦恼 get into trouble 遇到麻烦;出事have trouble(in)doing sth.做某事有困难 make trouble 制造麻烦take great trouble to do sth 不辞辛苦做某事13、turn to 求助于；致力于；转向；变成；转变到turn to sb.for help/advice 向某人求助/救turn to the left 向左转turn to page 20 翻到 20 页 turn to the English dictionary 查英文辞典give up medicine and turn to writing 放弃医学转向写作14、lose heart 丧失勇气或信心 lose face 丢脸 lose weight 减肥lose ones heart to 爱上；喜欢上 lose ones way 迷路lose oneself in 迷上 lose ones sight 失明 lose ones temper 发怒15、excape.vi&vt 逃脱；逃走；泄露escape punishment/being punished 逃避惩罚 escape from.从逃跑/脱n.逃跑；逃脱 make ones escape 逃走have a narrow escape 死里逃生；勉强逃脱16、come to power 当权；上台17、beg v.请求；乞求 beg sb.to do sth.乞求（某人）做某事beg sb.for sth.向某人要某东西 Beg your pardon 请原谅；请再说一遍18、reward n.报酬；奖金 vt.酬劳；奖赏reward sb.with sth.用酬谢某人 reward sb.for(doing)sth.因而酬谢某人in reward 作为报酬 as a reward for 作为的报酬（奖赏）give/offer a reward to sb.for sth.为某事而给某人奖赏19、set up a laboratory 建立一个实验室set up a fund for the Hope Project 为希望工程设立一项基金set out to do sth.开始干；着手于 set out/off for sp.动身去某地set off 引爆，使爆炸，动身 set about doing sth 开始干（做）某事20、be sentenced to 被判处（徒刑）21、opinion n.意见；看法；主张have a good/bad/high/low opinion of sb./sth.对评价好/不好/高/低in ones opinion=in the opinion of sb.以看来the opinion of/about sth.方面的意见/观点22、fight(fought,fought)vi&vt.打仗；打架；与进行斗争或奋斗；对抗fight a battle 打仗 fight for freedom 为争取自由而斗争fight against 为反对而战 fight with 同斗争/同并肩作战fight with sb.about 因而和某人争吵23、be in prison 坐牢（强调状态）go to prison 去坐牢 escape from prison 越狱 send/take sb.to prison 把某人送进监狱 put/throw sb.into prison 把某人投进监狱24、be grateful to sb.for sth.因某事而感激某人25、achieve vt.完成，实现；达到（目的）；赢得（名声）achieve nothing 一无所获 achieve success/victory 获得成功/胜利achieve ones purpose/goal 达到目的 achieve ones aim/dream 实现目标/梦想achieve a good reputation 获得好的名声 achieve modernization 实现现代化achievement n.成绩；业绩 achieveable adj.（事情）可完成的；可达到的