山东省、湖北省2017届高考冲刺模拟英语试题(二)--有答案.doc

山东、湖北部分重点中学2017年高考冲刺模拟（二）
英语试题

第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man selling?
A. Computers. B. Clothes. C. Cell phones.
2. How is Calvin?
A. Responsible. B. Nice. C. Patient.
3. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At the airport. B. In a plane. C. In a bank.
4. What does the man think of using chopsticks?
A. Easy. B. Difficult. C. Interesting.
5. What can we know about Harry?
A. He often loses his temper. B. He acts in a play. C. He directs a play.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What can we know about the woman’s father?
A. He’s 90 years old. B. He lives in an apartment. C. He lives with the woman.
7. How is the man’s grandma?
A. Very wealthy. B. Very healthy. C. Very independent.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. How long did the man stay at Washington, D.C?
A. A week. B. A few days. C. Just one day.
9. Why was the man warmly welcomed there?
A. He designed the World War II Monument.
B. He was a soldier in World War II.
C. He saved the city from pollution.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why did the man stay up?
A. To play computer games. B. To research the programme. C. To prepare for an exam.
11. What does the man think of sleeping?
A. Very important. B. He doesn’t know. C. Unimportant.
12. How long at least does the woman sleep a day?
A. 6 hours. B. 5 hours. C. 7 hours.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What can we know about Chris’ family?
A. There are ten people in total.
B. Her mother was an only child.
C. Her father came from a small family.
14. What’s the problem in Chris’ big family?
A. Her grandparents never get their names right.
B. Children cannot have their own things.
C. Children often fight and quarrel.
15. What is the age gap between the man and his younger brother?
A. 8 years. B. 10 years. C. 18 years.
16. What was the oldest child going to do when the last child was born in Chris’ family?
A. Go to college. B. Get married. C. Go to work.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How long did Russians have to wait to taste their first Big Mac in 1990?
A. Over 4 hours. B. Over 6 hours. C. Over 8 hours
18. How many McDonald’s restaurants are being closed in Russia?
A. 8. B. 9. C. 10.
19. What’s the main reason for the closures?
A. Politics. B. Business. C. Food safety.
20. What is many Russians’ attitude to the closures?
A. Negative. B. Angry. C. Positive.
第二部分阅读理解 （共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中 ，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
My Favourite Travel Books
The Old Patagonian Express by Paul Theroux
Choosing my favorite Paul Theroux book is like picking my favorite place in the world: It’s impossible to settle on just one. But The Old Patagonian Express, which is about a train journey Theroux made from Boston ,USA to southern Argentina, is right up there at the top of my list. Theroux has a wicked sense of humor. He brings so much wisdom and experience to his travels.
Walden by Henry David Thoreau
If he were alive today, Thoreau would probably frown if he heard someone refer to Walden as a travel book. But I regard it as a travel-writing masterpiece. “I went into the woods,” he writes, “because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived.” That’s the same spirit of discovery that defines so many great contemporary travel records.
The Dharma Bums by Jack Kerouac
Like so many people, I fell in love with Kerouac’s novels in my late teens and early 20s. On the Road gets all the press, but I always love The Dharma Bums. Kerouac beautifully captures the romance of California trains, Berkeley, and backpacking in the Sierras. It’s hard to read this book without wanting to leave for the mountains to brainstorm bad haikus on the trail and cook canned macaroni and cheese over a crackling campfire.
Confucius Lives Next Door by T.R. Reid
This is sort of A Year in Provence in Japan, only the cross-cultural differences are much greater. Reid and his family moved to Tokyo when he became the chief for The Washington Post, enabling him to uncover truths about the country. Among the highlights are his observations about Japanese schools, including Yodobashi No. 6 Elementary School, where his daughters were greeted by the whole school staff.
21. Which book enables readers to experience great cross-cultural differences?
A. The Old Patagonian Express. B. Confucius Lives Next Door.
C. On the Road. D. Walden.
22. What will people feel after reading Jack Kerouac’s The Dharma Bums?
A. A strong desire to follow. B. A love for novels.
C. A wish to learn cooking. D. An excitement to write poems.
23. Which writer based his book on a train journey from home to abroad?
A. T.R. Reid. B. Henry David Thoreau. C. Paul Theroux. D. Jack Kerouac.
24. What features most modern travel books according to the author?
A. Experience. B. Observation. C. Culture. D. Discovery.
B
Henrietta Lacks was born in 1920 in Virginia and raised on a tobacco farm. She married her first cousin, David Day and later settled near Baltimore in Turner Station where Day worked at a steel mill. After giving birth to her fifth child, she was diagnosed with cervical cancer. She was treated at Johns Hopkins, the only hospital within twenty miles that treated black patients and had been established as a charity hospital.
In an attempt to grow everlasting cells, Dr. George Gey took samples of all women who came to Hopkins with cervical cancer. After taking a biopsy (活检) of Henrietta's cervical cancer, researcher Dr. George Gey discovered that unlike any cells they had seen before, Henrietta's cells could not only reproduce, but thrive outside the body--a breakthrough that would change modern medicine. Actually, her cells doubled in size every 24 hours and Dr. Gey shared these cells for free with any researcher interested. Later, Dr. Stanley Gartler found that Henrietta's cells were even capable of jumping out of the petri dish(培养皿) and taking other cell types. As a result, these cells, named HeLa (for Henrietta Lacks) were essential in the research into cancer, AIDS, the effects of radiation and poisonous substances, gene mapping, and countless other scientific pursuits. And they've been used in tens of thousands of research studies.
Ms. Lacks died not too long after her diagnosis in 1951. She unknowingly held the key to unlocking medical advancements in her tumor cells. Now, decades after Henrietta's death, her cells are still alive. For many years, her family knew nothing about the impact her cells had on medical science—she provided a crucial sample of cells that has furthered the knowledge of medical science and disease prevention.
Now nearly 60 years after her death, in May 2011, Morgan State University in Baltimore awarded her an honorary degree.
25. What is the passage mainly about?
A. A woman’s contribution to medical progress. B. The contribution of Johns Hopkins.
C. The original research of cancer. D. The death of a black patient.
26. Which word can describe the cells of Henrietta Lacks?
A. Radioactive. B. Poisonous. C. Active. D. Interesting.
27. What does the underlined word “thrive” mean probably?
A. Die. B. Grow. C. Break. D. Change.
C
The book Outliers makes a list of the seventy-five richest people in history.
Do you know what’s interesting about that list? Of the 75 names, an astonishing 14 are Americans born within nine years of each other in the mid 19th century. Think about that for a moment. Historians start with Cleopatra and the Pharaohs and comb through every year in human history ever since, looking in every corner of the world for evidence of extraordinary wealth, and almost 20 percent of the names they end up with come from a single generation in a single country.
Here’s the list:
Rank
Name
Birth
Rank
Name
Birth
01
John Rockefeller
1839
44
James G. Fair
1831
02
Andrew Carnegie
1835
54
Henry H. Rogers
1840
28
Frederick Weyerhaeuser
1834
57
J.P. Morgan
1837
33
Jay Gould
1836
58
Oliver Payne
1839
34
Marshall Field
1834
62
George Pullman
1831
35
George Baker
1840
64
Peter Widener
1834
36
Hetty Green
1834
65
Philip Armor
1832
What’s going on here? The answer is obvious, if you think about it. In the 1860’s and 1870’s, the American economy went through perhaps the greatest transformation in its history. This was when the railways were built, and when Wall Street emerged. It was when industrial manufacturing started properly. It was when all the rules by which the traditional economy functioned were broken and remade. What that list says is that it really matters how old you were when that transformation happened.
If you were born in the late 1840’s, you missed it. You were too young to take advantage of that moment. If you were born in the 1820’s, you were too old: your mindset was shaped by the pre-Civil War pattern. But there is a particular, narrow nine-year window that was just perfect for seeing the potential that the future held. All of the 14 men and women on that list had vision and talent. But they also were given an extraordinary opportunity.
28. What does the author think of the fact that 14 of the 75 richest people were born in USA?
A. Surprising. B. Exciting. C. Unfair. D. Proud.
29. What does the author think leads to the great wealth of the richest people in the USA?
A. Their strong hardwork. B. Their talented mindset.
C. The industrial tradition. D. The economic transformation.
30. What does the author think is the most important to the 14 richest Americans in the last paragraph?
A. Talent. B. Vision. C. Opportunity. D. Potential.
31. What is right about the 14 American-born richest people on the list?
A. They were chosen throughout USA. B. They were born from 1831 to 1840.
C. They were shaped by the Civil war. D. They were interesting and wealthy.
D
About 100 years ago the horse-manure(马粪) crisis drove most observers to despair. 19th-century cities depended on horses for daily functioning. In New York in 1900, 100,000 horses were used in all transport, and in delivering the goods needed by the growing population.
The problem was that all these horses produced huge amounts of manure. A horse on average produces 15-35 pounds of manure per day. Consequently, the streets of 19th-century cities were covered by horse manure. This, in turn, attracted huge numbers of flies, and the dried manure was blown everywhere. Every day 2.5 million pounds of horse manure were produced and had to be swept up and disposed of.
In 1898 the first international urban-planning conference was held in New York. It was abandoned after three days, instead of the scheduled ten, because nobody could see any solution to the growing crisis by urban horses and their output.
The problem did seem tough. The larger and richer that cities became, the more horses they needed. The more horses, the more manure. In 1894, a writer estimated that in 50 years every street in London would be buried under nine feet of manure. Moreover, all these horses had to be stabled, which used up ever-larger areas of increasingly valuable land. And as the number of horses grew, ever-more land had to be devoted to producing hay to feed them (rather than producing food for people), and this had to be brought into cities and distributed—by horse-drawn vehicles. It seemed that urban civilization was doomed.
Of course, urban civilization was not buried in manure. Because millions of horses were replaced by motor vehicles! This was possible because of cleverness of inventors and entrepreneurs such as Gottlieb Daimler and Henry Ford, and a system that gave them the freedom to put their ideas into practice. Even more important, however, was the existence of the price mechanism. When the price of horse-drawn transport rose steadily with the increasing cost of feeding and housing horses, strong incentives(动机) were created for people to find alternatives.
32. How would you feel if you were walking on the New York street of 1900?
A. Sick. B. Light-hearted. C. Excited. D. Satisfied.
33. What was the problem that New York faced one hundred years ago?
A. Heavy traffic. B. Narrow streets. C. Little valuable land. D. Horse manure.
34. What was the probable target of the first international urban-planning conference in 1898?
A. To feed more horses. B. To find a solution to horse manure.
C. To reduce public buses. D. To produce motor vehicles.
35. What was the most important factor in solving the urban civilization problem of New York?
A. Entrepreneurs’ freedom. B. People’s incentives.
C. Price mechanism. D. Government’s appeal.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Snowblind -- it's a frightening word. Thankfully, it’s a condition that is totally preventable.
Snow blindness is a painful, temporary loss of vision due to overexposure to the sun's UV rays. Essentially, snow blindness is caused by a sunburned eye.
36 Though it is commonly called snow blindness, the condition can (and often does) occur in the absence of snow.
The terms "snowblind" and "snow blindness" have become popular because snow is highly reflective of ultraviolet radiation. 37 Also, skiing, mountain climbing and snowboarding usually take place at relatively high altitudes, where the sun's UV rays are stronger. Combined, these factors can double your risk of getting sunburned eyes, compared with being outdoors at lower altitudes in the summertime.
38 Television journalist Anderson Cooper experienced snow-free snow blindness first-hand a few years ago when he spent a couple hours on a boat in Portugal without sunglasses and ended up "blind for 36 hours," according to his report of the incident.
Not only can you become snowblind without snow-- it can happen without sunlight, too! 39 For example, sun lamps can cause temporary "snow" blindness if proper eye protection is not used.
40 To relieve pai