七年级英语下册Unit3Howdoyougettoschool词汇、短语、固定搭配、知识点、语法详解.doc

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Unit 3 How do you go to school?
一、 重点单词：

8

1. 火车n_____
2. 公交车n_____ pl._____
3. 骑；旅行v&n_____
4. 百_____
5. 远；远的adv&adj_____
6. 新的adj_____ op._____
7. 每一，每个_____ syn._____
8. 开车v_____
9. 小汽车，轿车n_____
10. 居住，生活v_____ v-ing._____
11. 车站，停止n&v_____ pt._____
12. 横过，越过v_____ 三单_____
13. 河，江n_____
14. 许多adj&pron_____
15. 村庄，村镇n_____
16. 介于…之间prep_____
17. 桥n_____
18. 小船n_____
19. 年，岁n_____
20. 害怕，惧怕adj._____
21. 离开v_____ v-ing_____ pt._____
22. 梦想；做梦n&v_____
23. 真的，符合事实的adj_____
24. 自行车n_____

二、 重点短语：

1. take the train/bus/subway
2. by train/bus/subway
3. between you and me
4. cross the river
5. ride a bike
6. by bike
7. many of the students
8. an eleven-year-old boy
9. walk to sp.
10. be afraid to do sth
=be afraid of doing sth
11. on foot
=get to school
12. be afraid of sb./sth.
13. how far
14. play with my classmates
15. from A to B
16. be like=look like
17. have a good day
18. leave the village
19. how long
20. come true
21. drive his car to work
22. the villagers’ dream
23. think of the trip
24. thanks for doing sth.
25. for many people
26. at the bus stop
27. a very big river
28. get there by bus
三、 重点句型：
1. How does she get to school?她如何到校？---She usually rides her bike.她通常骑自行车
2. _____ _____ is it _____ your home _____school?你家离学校多远？
It’s about two kilometers.大约两公里。
3. _____ _____does _____ _____ you to get to school?到校花费你多长时间？
_____ _____ me about 15 minutes.花我15分钟。
4. _____ _____ _____ two hours _____ _____ _____ Shenzhen _____ _____.坐飞机去深圳花我们2个小时。
5. _____ _____ not easy _____ _____ the river on a ropeway.坐索道过河不容易。
6. There _____ _____ bridge.没有桥。
7. The river _____ too quickly for boats.对小船来说河水流的太快。
8. He _____ _____ a father _____ me.他对于我来说像个父亲。
9. Can their dream _____ _____.他们的梦想能实现吗?
10. Why do they go to school like this?他们为什么像这样上学？
四、 基础知识释疑：
1、How do you get to school？
(1) how是疑问副词，意为“如何,怎样，用什么手段”。本句为how引导的特殊疑问句，用以询问交通工具。
① take + a/the + 表示交通工具的名词，是动词短语，在句中作谓语。
② by + 表示交通工具的单数名词或on/in + a/the +表示交通工具的单数名词，是介词短语，作方式状语。交通工具空间较大、开放性的用on,相反则用in.
eg: I _____ _____ school= I get/go to school _____ _____.
I _____ my bike./ I get to school _____ _____./ I get to school_____ _____ _____
I _____the bus./ I get to school _____ _____./ I get to school _____ _____ _____.
【注意】by + 表示交通工具的单数名词时，名词前不能加任何冠词或者其他修饰词。
(2)get 在句中为不及物动词，意为“到达”，常与to连用，但是表示目的地的词是副词here、there、home等时，则不需要用介词to。
eg: They’ll _____ _____ Beijing at six tonight.他们今晚六点将达到北京
I’ll _____ _____ on time.我会准时到达那里
2、It takes about 25 minutes to walk.
It takes sb sometime to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间
【辨析】spend, cost, pay 与 take
(1)spend 的主语必须是人。常用于 spend…on sth或 spend…(in) doing sth.意为“某人花时间/金钱做某事”。
eg: I spent 5 dollars on the book.=I spent 5 dollars _____ (buy) the book.
(2)cost的主语只能是事情。常用于sth cost sb some money意为“某物花费某人多少钱”。
eg: The skirt _____ her 200 yuan.那裙子花费她200元。
(3)pay的主语必须是人。长用于sb pay some money for sth.意为“某人为某物付款”。
eg: He_____ 1000 yuan _____ the TV set.
(4)take用于 It takes sb some time( money) to do sth. 句型中。
eg: It _____ half an hour _____ _____ _____ school on foot.步行上学花费他半小时。.
3、Then the early bus takes him to school.
take…to…意为“把…带到…”
【辨析】take，bring与fetch
take
意为“带走，拿走”，强调从说话地将人和物带走别的地方去
bring
意为“带走”，强调将某人或某物从别的地方带到说话地来
fetch
意为“去拿，去取”，即离开说话地去取某物后再回来，强调动作的往返
4、How do students around the world get to school ?
(1)意为“环绕；围绕；绕过” eg: The earth moves around the sun.
(2)表示“在…四周” eg: There are many trees around the playground.
(3)表示“在…的附件” eg: Is there a park around here ?
(4)表示“大约”，常与数字连用 eg: He goes to school at around 8 o’colck.
5、In North America, not all student take the bus to school.
not all…这个结构所表达的意思通常是“部分否定”，意为“并不是所有的…都…”。当not用于代词all, many, much, every, both前时，均属于部分否定。
eg: Not all that glitters is gold. 发光的并不都是金子。
6、I have a map but it’s in Chinese, and I only speak English.
in Chinese “用汉语”，in 表示“用…”，主要用“用某种语言，用某种材料，用某种方式”。
eg: I paid the bill in cash.
【辨析】say, speak, talk与tell
say
意为“说，讲”，它针对的是说话的内容
speak
意为“说，讲”，不强调说话的内容，但有时指讲某种语言，（在会上）发言要用speak
talk
意为“谈话；交谈”，有不及物动词和名词两种词性，常与with,about或to搭配
tell
意为“说；告诉”，侧重于“告诉”的含义多一些，常用tell sb about sth “告诉某人关于某事“和tell sb (not )to do sth “告诉某人（不要）做某事”
【辨析】look, read, see与watch
look
“看”表动作，强调“看”的动作，多以词组形式出现，如look at, look like,.look after等
read
意为“读”，多指看书、看报、看杂志、看图等
see
意为“看见，看到”，侧重于“看”的结果，常用句式：see sb do/doing sth
watch
意为“观看，注视”，指非常仔细地、有目的地、特定地看，多接比赛、电视
二、语法讲解——how引导的特殊疑问句
1、how引导的特殊疑问句提问交通方式。其答语分三种情况：
① take a/the + 交通工具（单数）
② by + 交通工具（单数）
③ on/in + 限定词 + 交通工具
eg: —— How do you go to work every day?
—— I drive to work./I go to work by car./ I go to work in my car.
2、how far 用来提问距离，意为“多远”。其答语分为两种情况：
①用长度单位表示
eg: —— How far is it from your home to the bus stop ?—— It’s five kilometers.
②用时间表示
eg: —— How far is the park from the shop ? —— It’s ten minutes’ walk.
3、how long 用来提问时间，意为“多久”。
eg: —— How long have you been in America? —— For two years.
单元测试题
一、.单项选择(每小题1分，共10分)
(  )1. Peter usually goes to school by ______ bus.
A. a               B. an       C. the             D. 不填
(  )2. My English teacher is very good. She is like my mother ______ me.
A. to              B. for      C. with            D. of
(  )3. —______ does your father go to work? —He rides his bike.
A. Where     B. When  C. How          D. Why  
(  )4. The train ______ the train station at 8:40 every morning.
A. crosses        B. runs              C. leaves        D. comes
(  )5. —______ is it from your school to the train station? —Five kilometers.
A. How’s        B. How old          C. How long   D. How far
(  )6. For some students, it’s difficult ______ school.
A. to get to      B. get to C. to get         D. get
(  )7. Sam has a bike. He ______ it to school every day.
A. takes           B. rides   C. walks          D. drives
(  )8. —Does Peter walk home? —______. He takes the bus. 
A. No, he doesn’t   B. Yes, he does       C. No, he isn’t        D. Yes, he is
(  )9. —How long does it take you to go to the bus station? —______.
A. About twenty kilometers        B. I ride my bike
C. About half an hour by subway D. I get there quickly
(  )10. —Have a good day at school, Susan! —______.
A. Me, too      B. You, too C. Bye            D. Fine
二、完形填空(每小题1分，共10分)
Chris is 12 years old. He   11   in a village in England. The school in his village is not far   12   his home, so Chris often goes to school on foot (步行). Chris usually gets up at about 7:00 in the morning. It is not   13  . So he has a quick breakfast. He  14   for school at about 7:50. It takes him about 10 minutes to   15   to school. He gets to school at about   16   o’clock. Sometimes Chris rides his bike to school. School starts at 8:10. His favorite subject is math. He thinks numbers are   17  .
Chris has a   18  . He hopes (希望) to go to a big city like London some day (某一天). So he can take the subway. “I   19   take the subway. It must be a lot fun,” he says.
Can his dream   20  ? “Sure, it can,” says Chris.
(  )11. A. lives      B. works  C. teaches           D. plays
(  )12. A. on         B. in       C. from                 D. at
(  )13. A. late        B. early   C. bad                  D. good
(  )14. A. goes      B. comes        C. leaves               D. gets
(   )15. A. take         B. ride    C. meet                D. walk
(  )16. A. six        B. eight   C. nine             D. ten
(  )17. A. quick     B. right         C. interesting      D. free
(  )18. A. habit     B. bridge        C. dream               D. friend
(  )19. A. never     B. often           C. usually               D. always
(   )20. A. have fun  B. come true     C. have time          D. come in
三、阅读理解(每小题2分，共20分)
A
“Come on, Dad! It’s 7:20 a.m. now,” says Harry.
“I need to wash (洗) the car now,” Mr. Smith says. “You walk to school this morning, OK?”
“But the school is a little far,” says Jane.
“Walking is good. Now get your schoolbags and go!”
Then Jane and Harry walk to school. It takes 30 minutes. When they get to school, they are very tired.
In the evening, Jane and Harry have a big meal (饭) with their grandfather. They tell him they are not happy to walk to school. Grandpa says, “That’s good for you. I used to (过去常常) walk five miles to school every day.”
“Really?” Jane says. “But I don’t like walking.”
Grandpa says, “Kids (小孩) need to walk or run every day. It’s good for your health.
“Oh, I’ll start walking every day,” Harry says. “I’d like to be healthy.”
“I will join you, Harry,” says Jane.
(  )21. Who usually takes Jane and Harry to school?
A. Their father.     B. Their mother. C. Their sister.      D. Their grandfather.
(  )22. How do Jane and Harry get to school this morning?
A. They ride a bike. B. They take the subway. C. They walk. D. They take a bus.
(  )23. The underlined word “tired” means “______” in Chinese.
A. 兴奋的            B. 疲惫的   C. 伤心的           D. 轻松的
(  )24. Jane and Harry ______ with their grandfather in the evening.
A. have dinner            B. take a walk     C. go swimming          D. watch TV
(  )25. 下面的陈述哪项是正确的？
A. Jane and Harry aren’t in the same school.
B. It takes Jane’s father 30 minutes to wash his car.
C. Jane’s grandfather thinks kids need to ride to school.
D. Harry will start walking because he wants to be healthy.
B
Hi, I’m Mary. I live on a small island (岛), but I work in a small city. So I take a boat from the island to the city every day. It usually takes about 35 minutes to get to the city. Then I walk to my company (公司). It’s only a 5⁃minute walk.
  My name is Sarah and I’m an English teacher. I take the train to work every day. The trains run every 20 minutes. The train station is near my home. It only takes 10 minutes from my home to my school.
  Hello, I’m Maria and I’m a college student (大学生). I live in the college. The college is very big. I walk from one building (楼房) to another. Sometimes it takes 15 minutes to get from one building to the next. When I want to buy some clothes with my friends outside the college, we usually take a bus. The buses don’t run after 10:00 p.m. So when we come back after that time, we have to take a taxi (出租车).
根据材料内容判断正(T)误(F)。
(  )26. Mary goes to work first by boat, and then on foot.
(  )27. It takes Sarah 15 minutes to get to her school from her home by train.
(  )28. There is only one train from Sarah’s home to her school every day.
(  )29. Maria goes from one building to another in her college by bus.
(  )30. Maria and her friends can’t take a bus back to her college after 10:00 p.m.
四、补全对话(每小题2分，共10分)
根据对话内容写出所缺句子。

A: Morning, Linda!
B: Morning!
A: (31)_________________________?
B: I live in a village.
A: (32)_________________________?
B: I think it is far. It’s about ten kilometers from my home to school. I need to get up early.
A: (33)_________________________?
B: I usually get up at 5:40.
A: (34)_________________________?
B: Yes, I eat breakfast at home.
A: (35)_________________________?
B: I always walk to school. Sometimes, I take the bus.
A: I think walking is good for your health.
B: You are right. I like walking very much.

五、词汇运用(每小题1分，共10分)
A)根据句意及所给首字母提示，补全句中所缺单词。
36. There are n              students in the small school. Forty of them are boys and fifty are girls.
37. Bob has a car and he d             it to work every day.
38. There is a bus stop b            the library and the club.
39. My parents are busy and I have to l             with my grandparents.
40. He thinks his dream can come t            .
B)根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
41. It’s ten _____________(kilometer) from the bus station to my school.
42. There are six _______________ ( hundred ) students in their school.
43. There are two _____________(boat) in the river.
44. Jane _____________(cross) the bridge to school every day.
45. The students are all from one ____________(village).
六、完成句子(每小题2分，共30分)
A)根据各题后括号内的要求完成下列各题，每空一词(含缩略形式)。
46. They go to work by bike every day. (一般疑问句)____ they _____ to work by bike every day?
47. Does Dave play basketball after school? (作否定回答)_______, he ________.
48. The boy usually gets to school on foot.  (同义句)The boy usually ______ _______ school.
49. It takes about an hour to get to the library. (提问)____ _____ does it take to get to the library?
50. Mary goes to the train station by subway.  (提问)_____ ______ Mary go to the train station?
B)根据横线后的标点，将所给单词连成完整、正确的句子。
51. work, to, father, does, your, drive___________________________?
52. takes, minutes, bus, about, the, ride, thirty___________________________.
53. bike, dream, really, new, to, have, it, my, is, a__________________________.
54. some, school, to, students, for, easy, it, to, get, is_____________________________.
55. stop, he, minutes, needs, get, to, bus, the, twenty, to____________________________.
C) 根据汉语提示完成下列句子 (每空一词)
56. 通常你怎样去上学。 我通常骑车去上学。
--- ______ _______ you usually go to school?--- I usually go to school _______ ________.
57. 地铁站离汽车站大约有300米远。
The subway station is __________ 300 __________ __________ __________ the bus stop.
58. 他通常每天用一小时做作业。
It usually _________ __________ half an hour ________ ________ his homework every day.
59. 你家离学校有多远？
__________ __________ is it __________ your home __________ school?
60. 从你家到学校大约要花多少时间？
__________ __________ does it __________ you __________ get to school from your home?
七、书面表达(10分)
假如Bob是你的朋友，他是一名学生，他父母在同一家服装店上班。根据下面表格中的内容用英语写一篇短文描述他一家人上学及上班的情况。
要求：1. 必须包括表格内所有信息；
2.  60词左右，可适当发挥。
Who
Bob
Bob’s parents
Where
From home to school
From home to the store
How
By bike
By bus
How far
About 2 km
About 10 km
How long
About 15 minutes
About 30 minutes
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