初中英语语法之一般现在时.pptx

一般现在时一般现在时The Simple Present Tenseget upgo to bedgo to sleephave breakfasthave lunchhave dinnerhave suppergo to schoolgo homestart workstart lessonsfinish schoolplay footballwash handsdo homeworkwatch TV1.我在早上七点半起床我在早上七点半起床.2.我们在我们在3：30回家。回家。3.他们在学校吃午饭。他们在学校吃午饭。4.我十二岁。我十二岁。I get up at half past seven.We go home at half past three.They have lunch at school.Im twelve.一般现在时一般现在时 一般现在时表示一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作经常或习惯性的动作，也可表示也可表示现在的状态现在的状态或或主语具备的性格主语具备的性格和能力和能力，及，及普遍真理和自然规律普遍真理和自然规律。一、概念一、概念1.一般现在时表示现在的状态1）Im twelve.(我十二岁）2)I have three baseballs.（我有三个棒球）2）Im in the classroom（我在教室里）3）Jack is from china.（杰克来自中国）4）Where is my bag?（我的包在哪儿）5）I am a student.(我是一名学生）二、基本用法2.一般现在时表示经常性和习惯性的动作。一般现在时表示经常性和习惯性的动作。1）She usually gets up at six oclock.(她通常在六点钟起床）她通常在六点钟起床）2）He reads English every morning.他每天早晨读英语他每天早晨读英语。一般现在时的时间标志词：一般现在时的时间标志词：often 经常，经常，usually通常，通常，always 总是，总是，sometimes有时，有时，never从不，从不，every day每天，每天，on weekends 在周末等在周末等selodm 很少很少 不常不常 every+时间（时间（every year）3）Lucy never takes a shower.(露西从不洗澡）露西从不洗澡）4）We sometimes play basketball after school.(我们有时在放学后打篮球）我们有时在放学后打篮球）5）I always do my homework on weekends(我总是在周末做作业）我总是在周末做作业）3.一般现在时表示主语具备的性格和能力。一般现在时表示主语具备的性格和能力。1）She likes English.(她喜欢英语）她喜欢英语）2）I like playing basketball ball,but dont like playing baseball.(我喜欢打篮球，但是我不喜欢打棒球）我喜欢打篮球，但是我不喜欢打棒球）3）He can speak Chinese.(他能够说英语）他能够说英语）4）She sings well.(她唱歌很好听。）她唱歌很好听。）4.普遍真理和自然规律：普遍真理和自然规律：1）Two and four is six.二加四等于六。二加四等于六。2）The moon goes around the earth.月亮绕着地球转。月亮绕着地球转。3）Ten minus two is eight.十减二十减二等于八。等于八。4）Light travels faster than sound.光的速度比声音的速度快。光的速度比声音的速度快。5、在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，遵从主将从现。遵从主将从现。例如：例如：Ill tell him the news when he comes back.他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。If you take the job,they will talk with you in greater details.如果你接受这份工作，他们将和你谈谈细节。如果你接受这份工作，他们将和你谈谈细节。6、表示格言或警句。、表示格言或警句。例如：Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。主要通过主要通过谓语动词谓语动词的变化的变化和用和用时间词语时间词语来来表示，其中表示，其中最主要最主要的是谓语动词的变化。的是谓语动词的变化。一般现在时动词变化的规则是：一般现在时动词变化的规则是：当主语为非第三人称单数，谓语动词用原型。当主语为非第三人称单数，谓语动词用原型。当主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人当主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。称单数形式。e.g.1.We often get up early in the morning.2.My father often gets up early in the morning.一般现在时表达方法一般现在时表达方法用一句话概括：用一句话概括：“非你、非我、非复数非你、非我、非复数”如如 he,she,it,my father,my mother,my sister,our English teacher,Tom,Mike,Liu Jia,China,my book,etc.（一）第三人称单数（一）第三人称单数she he it;单个人名、地名；单数可数名词或者单个人名、地名；单数可数名词或者this/that/the+单数可数名词；不定代词单数可数名词；不定代词someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something,anything;不可数名词；数字和字母不可数名词；数字和字母1、一般动词，在词尾加、一般动词，在词尾加 s;如：如：work-live-play-sing-eg:She _(live)in Ningbo.她住在宁波。她住在宁波。动词第三人称动词第三人称单数单数变化的规则与可变化的规则与可数名词复数变化的规则相同。数名词复数变化的规则相同。（二）动词三单变化规律（二）动词三单变化规律lives works lives plays sings2.以以,-s,-x,-sh,-ch结尾的加结尾的加-es。读作读作/iz/如：如：eg:My mother _(wash)the coat.我母亲洗了大衣。我母亲洗了大衣。washesteach-wash-miss-pass-mix-fix-push-wish-teaches washes misses passesmixes fixespushes wishes3.以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y结尾的，变结尾的，变y为为i，再加，再加-es。注意一定是辅音字母加注意一定是辅音字母加y才变，若是才变，若是元音字元音字母加母加y，则直接加，则直接加-s。如：如：fly try fry copy buy enjoy play say pay flies tries fries copies buys enjoys plays says pays4.4.以辅音字母以辅音字母+o+o结尾的词，一般情况是在结尾的词，一般情况是在词尾加词尾加es,es,读作读作 z z go do goesdoes5.特殊情况特殊情况：have be(am,are)hasis 1.be 动词的一般现在时的句式：动词的一般现在时的句式：肯定句：肯定句：主语主语+be+表语表语(n.,adj.等等)e.g.He_a worker.You _ thirteen.They_ in the classroom.否定句：否定句：主语主语+be+not+表语表语.e.g.He_(not be)a worker.You _(not be)thirteen.They _(not be)in the classroom.三、句式结构三、句式结构is arearearentarentisnt 一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Be+主语主语+表语表语?e.g._ he a worker?Yes,he _./No,he _._ you thirteen?_ they in the classroom?Yes,they _.No,they _.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：疑问词疑问词+be+主语主语?e.g.What _ he?What colour _that bird?How old _ you?Where _ they?IsAreArearearentisisntisisareare小结小结：be 动词的一般现在时的句式：动词的一般现在时的句式：肯定句：主语肯定句：主语+be+表语表语(n.,adj.等等)否定句：主语否定句：主语+be+not+表语表语.一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Be+主语主语+表语表语?特殊疑问句：疑问词特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语主语?2.实义动词实义动词的一般现在时句式：的一般现在时句式：肯定句肯定句:主语主语(非三单非三单)+v.原形原形+其他其他.1)I _(stay)at home on Saturdays.2)They _(have)sports every day.3)My parents _(give)me ten yuan every week.主语主语（三单）（三单）+v.-s/v.-es+其他其他.He _(stay)at home on Saturdays.Lucy_(have)sports every day.stayhavegivestayshas 否定句否定句：主语主语(非三单非三单)+dont+v.原形原形+其他其他 4)I_(not stay)at home on Saturdays.5)They_(not)have sports every day.6)My parents _ (not)give ten yuan to me every week.主语主语(三单三单)+doesnt+v.原形原形+其他其他He_(not stay)at home on Saturdays.Lucy _(not have)sports every day.do notdoes+notdont staydont havedont givedoesnt staydoesnt have 一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Do+主语主语(非三单非三单)+v.原形原形+其他？其他？肯定肯定回答：回答：Yes,主语主语+do.否定回答：否定回答：No,主语主语+dont.1)_ you_(stay)at home on Saturdays?2)_ they _(have)sports every day?Does+主语主语(三单三单)+v.原形原形+其他？其他？_ he_(stay)at home on Saturdays?_Lucy_(have)sports every day?Do stayDohaveDoesDoesstayhave特殊疑问句特殊疑问句：疑问词疑问词+do/does+主语主语+v.原形原形+其他？其他？e.g.What _ you_(want)?What _ she_(want)?What time _you_(have)lunch?What time _she_(have)lunch?What _ you _(do)?What _ she _(do)?How _ you_(spell)it?How _ he _(spell)it?dodododowanthavehavewantdodospelldoesdoesdoesdoesspell小结：小结：(1).如果主语是如果主语是I/We/You/They及及名词复数名词复数，谓语动词不用做任何变化，即仍然用动谓语动词不用做任何变化，即仍然用动词原形表示：词原形表示：肯定句：肯定句：主语主语+动词原形动词原形+其他其他 否定句：否定句：主语主语+dont+动词原形动词原形+其他其他 一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Do+主语主语+动词原形动词原形+其他？其他？肯定回答肯定回答:Yes，主语，主语+do.否定回答否定回答:No，主语，主语+dont.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+一般疑问句一般疑问句?(2).主语是第三人称单数，主语是第三人称单数，肯定句肯定句:主语主语+动词的第三人称单数动词的第三人称单数+其他其他 否定句否定句:主语主语+doesnt+动词原形动词原形+其他其他 一般疑问句一般疑问句:Does+主语主语+动词原形动词原形+其他其他 肯定回答肯定回答:Yes，主语，主语+does 否定回答否定回答:No，主语，主语+doesnt 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+一般疑问句一般疑问句?1.写出下列动词的三单形式写出下列动词的三单形式go_ catch_ brush_ wash _ do_ like_ have_ watch _ drink _ fly_ say_ learn _eat_ read_ sing_ buy_study_ stay _ make _ look _ pass_ carry _come_plant(种植种植)_ teach_ buy_练习巩固练习巩固2.用括号内动词的适当形式填空。用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.We often_(play)in the playground.2.He _(get)up at six oclock.3._you_(brush)your teeth every morning.4.What_(do)he usually_(do)after school?5.Danny_(study)English,Chinese,Maths,Science and Art at school.6.Mike sometimes _(go)to the park with his sister.7.At eight at night,she often_(watch)TV with his parents.8._Mike_(read)English every day?9.How many lessons_your classmate _(have)on Monday?10.What time_his mother_(do)the housework?3.选择题选择题1.I _to school at 7:00 in the morning.A.go B.going C.goes2.They _books every day in the library.A.reads B.read C.reading3.The monkey_ eating bananas very much.A.like B.likes C.liking4.My father _to read newspaper after supper every day.A.like B.likes C.liking5.I like watching TV,but my mother_ like it.A.dont B.doesnt C.does6._ your father drink milk every day?A.Do B.Are C.Does7.We will go shopping if it_ tomorrow.A.dont rain B.didnt rain C.doesnt rain D.isnt rain 8.He said the sun _in the east and _in the west.A rose;set B rises;sets C rises,set D rise;sets9.Wang Mei _ music and often _ to music.A like;listen B likes;listens C like;are listening D liking;listen10.Jenny_ English every evening.A has study B studies C study D studied4.改错改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上上)1.Is your brother speak English?_2.Does he likes going fishing?_3.He likes play games after class._4.Mr.Wu teachs us English._5.She dont do her homework on Sundays._5.把下列句子变成一般疑问句（并作肯定和把下列句子变成一般疑问句（并作肯定和否定回答）、否定句否定回答）、否定句.例：例：I like cooking.Do you like cooking?Yes,I do.No,I dont.I dont like cooking.1.My friends like playing soccer.2.They speak English every day.3.Daniel watches TV every evening4.John is from Canada.5.Tom does his homework at home.6.My dog runs fast.7.Amy likes playing computer games.8.She can play the piano well.Thank you!Thank you!