泛读3第二版.pptx
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1、Unit4HistorynI.TeachingObjectives:n1.ReadingSkill:Skimming2.TextStudy:ModelsforUnderstandingHistoryII.Teachingkeypoints:nTolearnthehistorymodelsandtheories;nIII.Teachingdifficultpoints:n1.Tolearnhowtounderstandhistory;n2.Tolearnandpracticethereadingskillskimmingskillfully.IV.Lead-inquestionsn n1.1.W
2、hat is history?What is history?n nHistoryisthepast,orasRomanphilosopherCiceroHistoryisthepast,orasRomanphilosopherCicerosisrusisru西塞西塞罗(古罗马政治家、雄辩家、著作家)罗(古罗马政治家、雄辩家、著作家)says,“Historyisthewitnessthatsays,“Historyisthewitnessthattestifiestothepassingoftime”.Itisarecordofimportanteventstestifiestothepas
3、singoftime”.Itisarecordofimportanteventsthateverhappenedandeventsthathaschangedthepeopleslives.thateverhappenedandeventsthathaschangedthepeopleslives.Forexample,theIndustrialRevolutioninEuropeinthe18thcenturyForexample,theIndustrialRevolutioninEuropeinthe18thcenturyreformedthewholeEuropeanlandscape,
4、bringinggreatreformedthewholeEuropeanlandscape,bringinggreatimprovementsintheeconomicandtechnologicalaspects.Itimprovementsintheeconomicandtechnologicalaspects.ItmodernizedthewholeofEurope.Thatsahistoricalevent.modernizedthewholeofEurope.Thatsahistoricalevent.n nHistoryispresentedandrecordedinmanyfo
5、rms.ItcanbeinHistoryispresentedandrecordedinmanyforms.Itcanbeinprimarysourcesorsecondarysources,writtenandnon-written.primarysourcesorsecondarysources,writtenandnon-written.Historyisaroundus,fromyourdiarytoyourhistorytextbook,fromHistoryisaroundus,fromyourdiarytoyourhistorytextbook,fromthefolksongth
6、atyourgrandmataughtyoutooralmemoirsfromthefolksongthatyourgrandmataughtyoutooralmemoirsfromvictimsofthewar.Theseareallformsofhistory.victimsofthewar.Theseareallformsofhistory.n n n nHistoryisalsosomethingthatprofoundlylinkstoHistoryisalsosomethingthatprofoundlylinkstothepresent,andeventhefuture.What
7、ourthepresent,andeventhefuture.Whatourpredecessorshaddoneinthepaststillaffectus.predecessorshaddoneinthepaststillaffectus.TaketheAgeofReasonTaketheAgeofReason理性时代理性时代理性时代理性时代asanexample,inasanexample,inthe18thcentury,thereweremanyEnlightenmentthe18thcentury,thereweremanyEnlightenmentideasgenerated.T
8、heseideaslaidthefoundationforideasgenerated.Theseideaslaidthefoundationfortheuniversalcorevaluesandconstitutions,liketheuniversalcorevaluesandconstitutions,likebasichumanrightsandfreedomofspeech.basichumanrightsandfreedomofspeech.n n2.2.Do you believe that we can really know the truth of history?nIt
9、 depends on,or it is hard to answer.For the past events,some are recorded,but some are lost.For those recorded,we are not sure the author could record them subjectively or objectively.3.Do you think it meaningful to study human history?History is the core of our life.We are one part in history like
10、a drop water in the ocean.It is human beings who create history and history itself guides us to walk less on crooked roads弯路弯路.It is worth learning from history.nV.PracticeofskimmingnAskSstofindtheidenticalunitorwordasquicklyastheycanandcrossitoutandtheteachertimesthespeedoftheirwork.n1.Letterpercep
11、tion(25seconds)n2.wordperception(25seconds)nVI.Wordpretestn1.ToaskSstofinishdoingtheEXX.inWordPretest.(4minutes)n2.Tochecktheanswers.n1.underlying:,ndlaiinadj.notobvious,difficulttodiscoverorrevealnadj.潜在的;根本的;在下面的;优先的nunderlie:vt.hidebehind,bethecauseorbasisofsth.过去式过去式underlay,过去分词过去分词underlain,现在
12、分词现在分词underlying.n2.subscribeto:sbskraibnagreeto,support,contribute订阅;同意;捐款n3.covenantkvnntn:agreement,contract契约,盟约,合同契约,盟约,合同n4.tribulation:,tribjuleinnsufferings,disasters苦难;磨难;忧患nThetrialsandtribulationsofeverydaylifen生活的磨难生活的磨难n5.flyinthefaceof:goagainst;becontrarytovt.悍然不顾n6.succumbskmconsentr
13、eluctantlyvi.屈服;死;被压垮:vi.givein,固定搭配固定搭配ton7.garb:bn:vt.dress,orwearastrangeclothes(尤指不寻常的)装束nshawl:ln.围巾,长方形披巾vt.用披巾包裹n8.shed:vt.getridof,pouroutindropsorsmallquantitiesnvt.流出;摆脱;散发;倾吐ne.g.shedtears,GodshedHisgraceonThee(you).nshedlighton:makefreefromconfusionorambiguity;makeclearn为为提供线索,使提供线索,使清楚的
14、显现,阐明清楚的显现,阐明nHeshedhisimageasapushyboss.npushypuiadj.有进取心的;爱出风头的;有冲劲的;固执己见的nadj.markedbyaggressiveambitionandenergyandinitiativenShedyourclothes.n9.discerndis:n,-z:nnview,detect,spot,observe,perceive,seenvt.识别;领悟,认识vi.看清楚,辨别VI.TextIModelsforUnderstandingHistorylAsk Ss to spend 6 minutes skimming Te
15、xt 1 while bearing the questions of 1-6 on Page 58 in mind.And then check the answers.Keys:1.ModelsforUnderstandingHistory 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.C lAsk Ss to spend 6 minutes reread the text again and then decide whether each of the statements on page 58 is true or false.And then check the answers.Keys:7
16、.F 8.F 9.T 10.F 11.F 12.TVII.UnderstandingofTextIl7.1Comprehensionquestionsl What does model mean?the way to help people to interpret and assemble the facts of history.l How many models for understanding history?What are they?3 models:the history of mankind is a record of progress and that future pr
17、ospects are bright.things wre getting worse over time and that the prospects for the future were grim.(unpleasant,depressing,anddifficulttoaccept.严酷的;令人沮丧的)periods of accomplishment are followed by periods of decay7.2Topic-centeredAnalysisofTextnPart I(Para 1)nThe models of understanding history can
18、 be sorted into three broad categories.nPart II(Para 2-4)nMode A believes that the history of mankind is a record of progress and that future prospects are bright.nPart III(Para 5)nModel B is that things were getting worse over time and that the prospects for the future were grim.nPart IV(Para 6-9)n
19、History is complicated.Periods of accomplishement are followed be periods of decay.nPart V(Para 10-11)nConclusion:Suggest the right attitude for history:The trick is to move beyond the simple models and to think critically about whatever time period they are studying.7.3ThestructureoftheTexttheautho
20、rschioce:criticaleyesModelC:upanddownModelB:downModelA:upthegenerallead-in7.3.1.Lead-innunderlying:-underlyingcause/principle/problemetc:thecause,ideaetcthatisthemostimportant,althoughitisnoteasilynoticed.-Thereisanunderlyingassumptionthatyoungerworkersareeasiertotrain.nassumption-sththatyouthinkist
21、ruealthoughyouhavenodefiniteproof-alotofpeoplemaketheassumptionthatpovertyonlyexistsintheThirdWorld.7.3.2ModelA the future of mankind is better and brighteruthebenifitsofthismodel:flatteringtooneselfandonescontemporariesallowsonetofacethefuturewithoptimismutherepresentativesofthismodel:HegelmanyAmer
22、icanhistoriansGeorgWilhelmFriedrichHegel(17701831)na German philosopher,and one of the creators of German idealism.nHegel influenced writers of widely varying positions,including both his admirers such as Marx,and his detractors such as Nietzsche.ni:t尼采尼采Hegel developed a comprehensive philosophical
23、 system,to account in an integrated and developmental way for the relation of mind and nature,the subject and object of knowledge,and psychology,the state,history,art,religion,and philosophy.围绕思维与存在的辩证同一这个基本命题,黑格尔建立起令人叹为观止的客观唯心主义体系:绝对精神自我发展的三个阶段:逻辑学、自然哲学、精神哲学。这是人类思想史上最惊人的大胆思考之一。恩格斯后来给其以高度的评价:“近代德国哲学
24、在黑格尔的体系中达到了顶峰,在这个体系中,黑格尔第一次这是他的巨大功绩把整个自然的、历史的和精神的世界描写为处于不断运动、变化、转化和发展中,并企图揭示这种运动和发展的内在联系。”黑格尔的代表作品有精神现象学、逻辑学、哲学全书、法哲学原理、哲学史讲演录、历史哲学和美学等。nunify=unite:ifyouunifytwoormorepartsorthings,oriftheyunify,theyarecombinedtomakeasingleunit-hismusicunifiestraditionalandmodernthemes.-strongsupportforthewarhasuni
25、fiedthenation.-oppositetodivide俾斯麦俾斯麦(Ottovon,1815-1898,德国政治家德国政治家,德意志帝国德意志帝国第一任首相第一任首相)uOttoEduardLeopoldvonBismarck(18151898)bizma:kwasaPrussian普鲁士Germanstatesmanandaristocratofthe19thcentury.AsMinister-PresidentofPrussiafrom18621890,heoversawtheunificationofGermany.In1867hebecameChancelloroftheNo
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