牛津译林-模块五M5U2-语法-现在分词.pptx

v-ingM5U2Task1.学会判断非谓语动词学会判断非谓语动词一、考一考一、考一考 判断下列句子里的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词判断下列句子里的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。1.He is teaching English.2.His job is teaching English.二、定义二、定义谓语动词就是指在句子中谓语动词就是指在句子中充当谓语充当谓语的动词的动词非谓语动词指的是在句中非谓语动词指的是在句中不是谓语不是谓语的动词。的动词。谓语是对谓语是对主语主语动作或状态的陈述或说明，动作或状态的陈述或说明，指出指出“做什么做什么”、“是什么是什么”或或“怎么样怎么样”。做什么做什么是什么是什么三、非谓语使用条件三、非谓语使用条件一个句子当中，一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）（谓语动词）,又没有连词又没有连词的情况的情况下下She got off the bus but left her handbag on her seat.She got off the bus,leaving her handbag on her seat.四、分析句子结构四、分析句子结构,辨别辨别“谓与非谓谓与非谓”1._many times but he still couldnt understand it.2._many times,he still couldnt understand it.A.Having been toldB.He was told B_A五、填词：用五、填词：用studying或者或者study1）_(study)hard,you will pass the final exam.2)_(study)hard and you will pass StudyingStudyThere are many sleeping students in class.（表语）（表语）（定语）（定语）Feeling the lesson is boring,the students are sleepy.The students feel the lesson boring.The lesson is boring.（宾补）（宾补）（状语）（状语）2.The man running inthe picture is Liu Xiang.1.a running man三、现在分词的语法功能三、现在分词的语法功能1:Attribute=The man who is running in the picture is Liu Xiang.小小 结结:1.V-ing1.V-ing形式作定语可表示主语所作形式作定语可表示主语所作动动作作_或表示和所修饰词之间有或表示和所修饰词之间有_关系。关系。2.单个单个V-ingV-ing词作定语修饰名词一般置于词作定语修饰名词一般置于名词之名词之_3.V-ing3.V-ing词组修饰名词则置于名词之词组修饰名词则置于名词之_此时相当于一个此时相当于一个_从句从句正在进行正在进行逻辑主动逻辑主动前前后后定语定语Your journey in Kenya is really exciting.What you did was disappointing.The nightmare I had last night was very frightening.现在分词作表语通常表示主语的属性和特征现在分词作表语通常表示主语的属性和特征,相当相当于形容词于形容词,含有含有“令人令人.,其主语通常是物其主语通常是物.2:Predicative扩展：系动词扩展：系动词状态系动词：状态系动词：持续系动词：持续系动词：表象系动词：表象系动词：感官系动词：感官系动词：变化系动词：变化系动词：终止系动词：终止系动词：Be Keep,remain,stay,lie,stand,continueSeem,appear,lookFeel,smell,sound,taste,lookBecome,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,runProve,turn out I heard the girl singing in the classroom.I noticed a long queue outside the bank waiting for it to open.3.Object Complement:The baby watched his dad shaving his face with great interest.常见的常见的两类两类接现在分词作宾补的接现在分词作宾补的动词：动词：感官动词：感官动词：see,hear,watch,find,feel,smell,observe notice,look at,listen to等。等。使役动词使役动词have,keep,get,leave,make等。等。特殊的两个区别：特殊的两个区别：1).现在分词作宾补与不定式做宾补的区别。现在分词作宾补与不定式做宾补的区别。现在分词：动作正在现在分词：动作正在进行。进行。不定式：不定式：动作的动作的全过程全过程。试比较：试比较：1.I heard her singing a song just now.(正在进行的动作正在进行的动作)2.I heard her sing a song just now.(听见全过程听见全过程)分词作状语分词作状语状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句 子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分。子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分。V-ing作状语让步 原因 条件 结果 时间伴随方式Amaze,sing,raise armsMickey and Mimi are dancing to the _music,_and _their arms.amazingsingingraising伴随When she finds that the prince is drowning in the ocean,she saves him to the shore._(find)the prince drowning in the ocean,she saves him to the shore.Finding时间时间Koala Bear,carry,climb,search for food_her little baby on the back,the mother Koala Bear climbs up the trees,_for food.Carryingsearching一起来造句让步尽管看到老师很失望的表情，但是他们自己做自己的事情。1.Notice2.disappointed3.Do ones own businessNoticing their teachers disappointed look,they do their own business.因为他在公共场合吸烟，所以被罚款了1.Smoke in public2.fine(v.罚款)原因原因Smoking in public,he was fined.The train was caught in heavysnow,_the delay.He awoke,_himself on the floor.结果结果causingthusto findonlyV-ing 做结果状语表示必然结果，可用做结果状语表示必然结果，可用thus doing;to do 做结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，可用做结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，可用 only to do.Conclusion分词语态时态否定逻辑主语Pay attention被被 动动主主 动动语态doinghaving donehaving been done 语态看分词语态看分词（即主被动关系）（即主被动关系）1being done1.doing或者being done 几乎同时发生2.Having done或者having been done 先于谓语动词之前发生时态看分词时态看分词(即时间关系即时间关系)2直接在分词前面加not_ a reply,he decided to write again.A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received否定的表达否定的表达3 过过去去分分词词作作状状语语时时其其逻逻辑辑主主语语为为主主句句的的主主语语，此时应注意此时应注意人称一致。人称一致。1）Seen from the top of the hill,the city looks more beautiful to us.2）Seeing from the hill,we find the city very beautiful.逻辑主语逻辑主语4_Sunday,Ishallhaveaquietdayathome.A.BeingB.ItisC.TherebeingD.ItbeingThe party will be held in the garden,weather_（2012高考全国卷）高考全国卷）A.permitting B.to permit C.permitted D.permit请你归请你归纳：纳：非谓语的逻辑主语和主句主语相同时可以非谓语的逻辑主语和主句主语相同时可以省略；若不同，则应有自己的主语，即用省略；若不同，则应有自己的主语，即用独立主格形式。独立主格形式。独立主格独立主格5解题步骤，我们一起来总结1、根据句子结构确定分词的、根据句子结构确定分词的语法成分语法成分2、找准、找准逻辑主语逻辑主语3、判断主、被动关系判断主、被动关系4、指出非谓语的动作是发生在句子谓语指出非谓语的动作是发生在句子谓语动作之前还是之后，从而确定考虑动作之前还是之后，从而确定考虑用完用完成式还是一般式。成式还是一般式。5.最后选定现在或过去分词。最后选定现在或过去分词。语态类别 时 态 vt.主动语态被动语态现在现在分词分词V-ing 一般式一般式(与谓语动词与谓语动词同同时时发生发生)完成式完成式(先与谓语动词先与谓语动词之前之前发生发生)二、时态和语态二、时态和语态doingbeing donehaving donehaving been done1.He hurried home,looking behind as he went.2.Having finished their work,they had a rest.3.The large building being built is a library.4.Having been shown the lab,we were taken to see the library.（一般式）（一般式）（完成式）（完成式）（被动语态）（被动语态）（被动完成式）（被动完成式）时态和语态：时态和语态：