北京专版2020中考英语复习方案第一篇话题分层复习话题04居住环境试题.docx

　话题4　居住环境　
主题语篇阅读
Ⅰ.[2019·东城二模] 完形填空
Building Our Community
　　“Mom, I hope Steve can take me to the park next weekend,” I said.
　　“Sorry, Lucy,” Mom said, “your brother is volunteering next weekend to help 　1　 a house for a family.” 
　　I remembered Steve’s eyes had lit up when he first told me about the community home-building project. He was good at building and fixing things, so he was 　2　 to do something. Now that he was seventeen, he was finally old enough to take part in it. 
　　“It’s not 　3　,” I complained. “Steve can change a family’s life, but what can I do? I’m only ten.” 
　　Mom put on her serious look. “Don’t think about it like that, Lucy,” she said, “people make a 　4　 by thinking about what they can do, rather than what they can’t do.” 
　　Mom’s words echoed in my head later that day. Maybe she was right. I might not be able to physically build a house, but I could 　5　 money to help. 
　　The next day before class, I talked to my teacher, Mr. Brown, about my idea.“Well, we can brainstorm about it,” he said, “I bet your classmates will have some good ideas. 　6　 will be the best way to make this happen.” 
　　After I explained my idea in class, Brason raised his hand. “My uncle owns a T-shirt shop. Maybe he can print some T-shirts that we can 　7　.” 
　　“Great idea!” Mr. Brown said. Then, after a lively discussion, we decided on “Building Our Community” as our slogan(口号) to print. Marla, our class artist, agreed to draw the design.
　　By Friday, the T-shirts had been printed, and I had posted details about the sale on our class Web page. Our Saturday sale was a success. We earned$125. After the sale, we went to the community center. I 　8　 handed over the money. 
　　Mom and Mr. Brown had both been right. Everyone can do something, and together we can achieve something great.
(　　)1.A.build B.find C.clean D.buy
(　　)2.A.afraid B.free C.sorry D.eager
(　　)3.A.easy B.fair C.safe D.interesting
(　　)4.A.suggestion B.decision C.difference D.promise
(　　)5.A.save B.make C.spend D.raise
(　　)6.A.Teamwork B.Leadership C.Argument D.Competition
(　　)7.A.show B.wear C.sell D.give
(　　)8.A.honestly B.proudly C.bravely D.secretly
Ⅱ.[2019·怀柔一模] 阅读理解
Many Different Kinds of Trash
Garbage sorting is a big issue worldwide. In recent years, some Chinese cities have been working hard on it.
Shanghai has worked with Alipay to create a “green account (账户)” service for its residents (居民). Account holders get points by correctly sorting their garbage. Through the Alipay app, they can exchange the points for milk, phone cards and other products. The city is asking all of its residents to sort their garbage into four groups: wet, recyclable, harmful and dry.
·Wet waste is also known as household waste. “They are things you don’t want but that pigs can eat,” Guangzhou Daily explained.
·Paper, metal, glass and other things that can be reused are recyclable waste.
·Harmful waste includes things like medicine, batteries and fluorescent bulbs(荧光灯泡).
·Any waste that’s not wet, recyclable or harmful will go in the “dry waste” dustbin.
China is improving its waste-sorting efforts. There is still a long way to go. But it’s never too late to learn how to sort your trash properly and protect the environment.
Also, different countries are using different methods to sort their trash.
·UK: smart bin
A UK company has invented a “smart bin” to help with garbage sorting. People just need to drop their garbage into the bin. A camera and sensors (感应器) in the bin can tell what type of garbage it is and correctly sort it. The bin also compresses the waste so it takes up less space.
·South Korea: food aside
South Korea is using a method called “Pay For Your Trash” to encourage its people to reduce food waste. When throwing away trash, people have to separate their food waste from their other waste and put it in a dustbin. The smart dustbin then weighs the food. People have to pay for their food waste by scanning a bar code on the bin. The more they throw away, the more they will pay.
·Japan: careful sorting
Japan is leading the world in garbage sorting. They sort garbage so carefully that even plastic bottles and their caps go into different bins. Different types of paper products—newspapers, magazines and cartons—also have their own bins. There are also factories that make bags, clothes and dolls out of recycled waste.
9.How is Shanghai encouraging people to sort their garbage? (　　)
A.Providing its residents with guidebooks to help them.
B.Giving people money to sort their trash correctly.
C.Allowing people to exchange garbage with each other.
D.Creating a special account service with the help of Alipay.
10.What do we know about garbage sorting in China according to the passage? (　　)
A.People pay for their food waste by scanning a bar code.
B.Residents have to take waste-sorting classes.
C.There is still a lot of work to be done in this area.
D.Plastic bottles and their caps go into different bins.
11.The underlined word “compresses” probably means “　　　　” in the passage. (　　) 
A.squeezes or pushes hard together
B.makes bigger or increases
C.pulls down or destroys
D.makes something new, such as a product
Ⅲ.[2019·平谷一模] 回答问题
　　The American community college system is a place for second chance. Community colleges are two-year schools that thrived(兴盛) in California after the end of World War Ⅱ. Many American military personnel(军人) were returning to civilian life after their service to the country. Some of these young people decided not to go to college after high school so that they could serve their country during that time of need. When they returned, many of them turned to the community college system in California to continue their education.
The United States government introduced the G.I.Bill at that time giving returning servicemen and women educational benefits to help them get back to school. Soon community colleges and new school districts began appearing throughout the country. Community colleges helped military personnel go back into college life easily. It was a low cost, less stressful than going back to a four-year university.
Today, community colleges attract students from all parts of the world. In California, a large population of students comes from Asia and Latin America. These schools provide a second chance to international students who may have experienced difficulties attending college in their native countries. American students who may have not done well academically in high school, and did not enter a university, can turn to community college for a second chance, too.
Community colleges provide a much-needed resource for all these students. Former military personnel, international students, and high school students alike, are all welcome. One of the best things about community colleges is that they accept anyone at any time. This means people who have not found what they want to do in life can try more than one area of study. If they don’t like one course of study, they can always try something else. That is the beauty of community colleges.
12.When did the American community colleges thrive in California?

13.Why didn’t the American military personnel go to college right after high school?

14.Which is cheaper, going to a community college or a four-year university?

15.Where does the large population of students in California community colleges come from?

16.What’s the beauty of community colleges?

【参考答案】
Ⅰ.[主旨大意]本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者通过团队合作募集了125美元来帮助社区,以此告诉我们每人做一点,就能创造伟大的成就。
1.A　考查动词辨析。根据下文“I remembered Steve’s eyes had lit up when he first told me about the community home-building project.”可知, Steve下周末要去帮助一个家庭建造房子。故选A。
2.D　考查形容词辨析。根据前半句“He was good at building and fixing things”可知, Steve擅长建造和修理东西,所以听到要建造房子,他迫不及待。be eager to do sth.意为“渴望做某事”。故选D。
3.B　考查形容词辨析。根据后文“Steve can change a family’s life, but what can I do? I’m only ten.”可知, Steve可以改变一个家庭的生活,但作者才十岁,什么也做不了。作者认为这不公平。故选B。
4.C　考查名词辨析。根据语境可知,人们通过思考他们能做什么而不是他们不能做什么来产生影响。固定搭配make a difference意为“产生影响;起作用”,符合语境。故选C。
5.D　考查动词辨析。根据倒数第二段中的“Our Saturday sale was a success. We earned$125.”可知,作者想筹钱帮助社区。raise money意为“筹钱;募捐”,符合语境。故选D。
6.A　考查名词辨析。根据上句“I bet your classmates will have some good ideas.”可推知,老师认为作者的同班同学会有好主意,团队合作是最好的办法。故选A。
7.C　考查动词辨析。根据倒数第二段中的“Our Saturday sale was a success. We earned$125.”可知,他们通过卖T恤来筹钱帮助社区。故选C。
8.B　考查副词辨析。根据语境可知,作者通过自己的努力募集了125美元,自然很自豪。proudly意为“自豪地”,符合语境。故选B。
Ⅱ.[主旨大意]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国在垃圾分类方面仍有很长的路要走,此外文章还介绍了英国、韩国和日本在垃圾分类上做出的尝试。
9.D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Shanghai has worked with Alipay to create a ‘green account’ service for its residents.”可知,上海借助支付宝创建绿色账户服务来鼓励人们垃圾分类。故选D。
10.C　细节理解题。根据文中“China is improving its waste-sorting efforts. There is still a long way to go.”可知,中国在垃圾分类方面仍有很长的路要走。故选C。
11.A　词义猜测题。根据句中“so it takes up less space”可推知,垃圾桶可以压缩垃圾来节省空间。故选A。
Ⅲ.12.After the end of World War Ⅱ.
13.They could serve their country during that time of need.
14.Going to a community college.
15.Asia and Latin America.
16.They accept anyone at any time.
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