初中英语定语从句专题讲解及复习.pptx

The Attributive ClauseThe Attributive Clause定 语 从 句I like the cat which/that.I like the girl who/that.1.I like the girl who is wearing a hat and smiling.一、定语从句概念一、定语从句概念2.In my spare time,I can do anything I like.修饰一个修饰一个名词名词或或代词代词的从句被称为的从句被称为定语从句定语从句.先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatWhere,when,whyI like the girl who is wearing a hat and smiling.二、几个重要的专有名词二、几个重要的专有名词1)The students(who dont study hard)will not passthe exam.The students will not pass the exam.2)The woman(whom you saw in the park)is our English teacher.主句：The woman is our English teacher.定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面.三、关于定语从句注意事项三、关于定语从句注意事项主句：主句：先行词先行词定语从句定语从句1.位置位置1）I love the singer that is beautiful.2）I like a sandwich that is really delicious.3）I prefer movies that are scary.4）He is one of the most popular singers who come from Taiwan.定语从句中谓语动词的人称与数应与先行词保持一致。定语从句中谓语动词的人称与数应与先行词保持一致。2.定语从句谓语动词的确定定语从句谓语动词的确定1.如果如果先行词先行词是是人人,关系代词可用关系代词可用 who,whom,whose,that，它们的，它们的用法区别用法区别：1)who/that 作定语从句的作定语从句的主语或宾语主语或宾语,whom只能作宾语。只能作宾语。The man who/that is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The woman who/that my father is talking with is Mr.Zhang.四、关系代词用法的区别四、关系代词用法的区别2)Whom 作定从的作定从的宾语宾语,介词提前，只能用介词提前，只能用whom.The woman with whom my father is talking is Mr Zhang.whom 难用的难用的 关系词关系词whose The teacher praised the student whose English is the best in our class.whose=the studentsThe house whose window is broken is mine.whose=the houses Whose 的先行词可以是人或物，的先行词可以是人或物，whose实际实际上是先行词的所有格，在定从中作定语。上是先行词的所有格，在定从中作定语。如果如果先行词先行词指指物物,关系代词可用关系代词可用 _或或_thatwhich在定语从句中作在定语从句中作主语主语和和宾语宾语.I like the dog which/that can watch doors.The car which/that my father bought last month is very beautiful.1)A plane is a machine _ can fly.2)The car _ my uncle bought last week was stolen.3)The students _ dont study hardwill not pass the exam.4)The woman _ you saw inthe park is our English teacher.5)He talked happily about the men and book _ interested him greatly in the school.which/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhom/that/that练习练习1:填上适当的关系代词填上适当的关系代词1).先行词是 one,ones,anyone,someone,those时，关系词使用who.The ones who study hard will probably get good grades.Those who want to go to the Great Wall are our friends.Is there anyone who wants to go there?2).在there be 句型中，先行词指人,关系词用who There is an old man who wants to see you.There are many young men who are against him.3.who、that在指人时在指人时,可以通用可以通用,但下列但下列 宜用宜用 who,不不用用 that All the things that we can do is to give you some advice.1.先行词被先行词被形容词最高级形容词最高级或或序数词序数词修饰时修饰时,用用that.This is the most interesting story(that)I have ever heard.The first meeting(that)we will take part in will be held in the afternoon.2.先行词是先行词是all,little,few,much,some,none,everything,something,nothing,anything等时等时,用用that.Here is something(that)I will tell you.3.先行词被先行词被all,some,any,few,much,little,the very,the only，the same 修饰时修饰时,用用 that.用用that而不用而不用which的情况的情况4.先行词既有先行词既有人人也有也有物物时时,只能用只能用that.I can remember the persons and some pictures (that)I see.This is the dog which/that should be taken good care of.H注意：！注意：！介词提前时只能用介词提前时只能用which 而不能用而不能用that。H由动词和介词构成的词组，介词通常不提前。由动词和介词构成的词组，介词通常不提前。注意：注意：！介词提前时只能用介词提前时只能用which 而不能用而不能用that。由动词和介词构成的词组，介词通常不提前。由动词和介词构成的词组，介词通常不提前。Is this the library you borrow books?from thatfrom whichThis is the dog which/that should be taken good care of.练习2：用关系代词填空1.The terrible typhoon killed the people and cattle_ were in the fields.2.The wind blew down the tallest tree _ is in front of our school gate.3.This is the very thing _ I was looking for.4.This is the second novel _ I have ever read.8.Is this the library from you borrow books?thatthatthatthatwhich定语从句中的关系副词定语从句中的关系副词：when,where,whywhen,where,why关系副词和先行词的关系关系副词和先行词的关系I still remember the day when I came here.This is the house where I lived last year.There are many reasons why people like traveling.on the day=whenin the house=wherefor the reasons=why关系副词实际上是介词先行词关系副词实际上是介词先行词关系副词关系副词先行词先行词关系副词关系副词在定从中充当在定从中充当的成分的成分 时间时间名词名词地点地点名词名词when=at/in/on+which时间状语时间状语地点状语地点状语where=at/in/on+which原因原因名词名词why =for+which原因状语原因状语 1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together.2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.1.I went to the place I worked ten years ago.2.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.1.This is the reason _ he was late.2.This is the reason _ he gave.whenwhichwherewhichwhythat/which几种易混的情况几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词不及物动词不及物动词归纳归纳:关系副词关系副词when指时间指时间,关系副词关系副词where指地点指地点,关关系副词系副词why 指原因，在定语从句中作状语。即使先行指原因，在定语从句中作状语。即使先行词是时间、地点，原因，若作从句中的宾语，只能用词是时间、地点，原因，若作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词关系代词that,which，why.练习3：填上适当的关系词.2.I still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing.3.The factory _ we will visit is large.4.The factory _ his father works is large.5.Ill never forget the time _ we work on the farm.6.This is the house _ we lived last year.that/whichwhen/on whichthat/whichwherewhen/at whichwhere/in which六 summary词 形先行词在句中作用关系代词that人或物主,宾语which物主,宾语who人主,宾语whom人宾语Whose(=of whom/of which)人或物定语关系副词When(=介词介词+which)时间状语Where(=介词介词+which)地点状语Why(=for which)原因状语确定定语从句关系词的一般步骤：确定定语从句关系词的一般步骤：1.找出找出主句、从句和先行词，先行词一般是空主句、从句和先行词，先行词一般是空格前的单词或词组。格前的单词或词组。2.将先行词代入定从，将先行词代入定从，还原还原从句为完整句子。从句为完整句子。3.根据先行词在还原句中的成分根据先行词在还原句中的成分确定确定关系词。关系词。Ill never forget the day I joined the league.1.I joined the league the day.2.I joined the league on the day.FTThank you very much Thank you very much!练习练习4.单项选择单项选择1.There is nothing _ I can do.A.that B.which C.who D.what2.Do you know the man _ is wearing glasses?A.who B.which C.what D.where3.The boy _ is playing football is my brother.A.which B.who C.what D.where4.Ill never forget the day _ I first met her.A.what B.who C.which D.when5.I cant find the book _ my mother bought A.who B.when C.which D.what(A)(A)(B)(D)(C)练习练习46.The film _I saw yesterday was very interesting.A.who B.when C.what D.that7.Is there anything _ I can help you?A.that B.which C.who D.what8.All _ is needed is a few hands to help with the work.A.what B.that C.which D.things9.Is this the factory _you wish to visit?A.that B.where C.when D.what(D)(A)(B)(A)10.He is the very one of the students_ good at English.A.who does B.that is C.whom do D.which are11.The second book _ I want to read is Harry Potter.A.which B.that C.what D.as12.The days _ I spent in the countryside in my childhood was the happiest time _ I had ever had in my life.A.when/when B.when/that C.that/which D.that/thatBBD 1.The house that they built it in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.2.I will never forget the poor boy who have no arms.3.We have done everything which can be done.4.He is the only man who I know in the city.练习练习5 改错改错 ithave 改成改成haswhich 改成改成 thatwho 改成改成 that5.I have been to the park which there are a lot of flowers.6.The park where the old people usually go to is called Zhongshan Park.7.Look!The tree where Jack is climbing is quite tall.which 改成改成 thatto 去掉去掉；where 改成改成 whichwhere 改成改成 which/that练习练习6:用关系代词填空用关系代词填空1.The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.2.The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister.3.I hate people _ talk much but do little.4.The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhich/that5.The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.6.Is there a student _ father is a business man?7.This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.8.This is the house _ we have lived for 10 years.9.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich thatwhere10.My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember.11.Say all _ you know.12.Is there anything _ I can do for you?thatthatthat当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.13.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.14.This is the best novel _ I have read.thatthat15.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree?16.Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.当主句是who或或which 引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthat1.The boys_ are playing football are from Class One.2.Those _ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow.3.Mr Liu is the person _ you talked about on the bus.4.The professor _ you are waiting for has come.5.Football is a game _is liked by most boys.6.He likes to read books _ are written by foreign writers.7.This is the pen _ he bought yesterday.8.Well go to hear the famous singer _ we have often talked.