世纪大学实用英语综合教程第册第单元2市公开课一等奖百校联赛特等奖课件.pptx

UNIT1Unit1.Objectives.SuggestedTeachingPlan.BackgroundInformation.ClassPresentationPreview第1页UNIT1Preview This is the first unit of Book Two.In the Listening and Speaking section,you will learn how to ask for and give clarification.In the Reading and Writing section,you will learn some interesting aspects of the English language.Text A relates some real stories about how misunderstandings arise when one fails to catch the English word correctly;Text B presents some mysteries of the English language;and Practical Reading is a CNNs program schedule.prev.第2页UNIT1.ObjectivesAfter studying this unit,the students are expected to1.master the basic language and skills necessary to ask for and give clarification;2.understand the main ideas of Texts A and B,and master the useful sentence structures and words and expressions found in the exercises relevant to the first two texts;3.grasp the basic English grammar of subject-verb agreement(1);Obj.第3页UNIT1.Objectives4.know how to write a letter of invitation;5.read a CNNs program schedule;6.guess the meaning of unknown words in context(1).Obj.第4页UNIT1.SuggestedTeachingPlanSuggested Time and Teaching Plan for Unit 1 TimeContentsPlan s.t.p.1.1The teacher begins with the Preview so make sure that the students have some idea of what this unit is all about.After that,the teacher activates the listening and Speaking exercises as follows:2 periodsPreview第5页UNIT1s.t.p.1.2TimeContentsPlan 1)The Language for Asking For and Giving ClarificationHave a warm-up activity by asking students what they say when they are not clear about what has been said or have become puzzled about a particular point just mentioned;A.Listening and Speaking第6页UNIT1s.t.p.1.3TimeContentsPlan B.Have the students listen to Ex.1(2-3 times)and fill in the blanks with the missing words;C.Ask one student to read aloud the talk so students can check their completed answers;第7页UNIT1s.t.p.1.4TimeContentsPlan D.Ask other students to present their opinions on a particular subject or situation,trying to use the expressions learned in Ex.1.2)Asking For and Giving Clarification Go through the new words in the first dialogue in Ex.3;A.第8页UNIT1s.t.p.1.5TimeContentsPlan B.Have the students listen to the conversation twice and fill in the blanks with the missing words;C.Ask students to answer the questions about theconversation;D.Now have them look for the language used to ask for and give clarification;第9页UNIT1s.t.p.1.6TimeContentsPlan E.Next,students can role-play the dialogue;F.Then have them either do the same with the second dialogue or be creative with it;Finally,study the structures presented in Ex.4,and create situations for conversations in which students are encouragedG.第10页UNIT1s.t.p.1.7TimeContentsPlan to ask for and give clarification using the language they have picked up in Ex.1.3)Listening PracticeBefore ending,the teacher tells the students how to do Ex.5-10 as their assignment.The teacher also tells them that they should be第11页UNIT1s.t.p.1.8 TimeContentsPlan prepared to answer the questions in Ex.9 and give an oral presentation on the topic in Ex.10 when next they come to class.第12页UNIT1s.t.p.1.9TimeContentsPlan 3 periods Review of the listening and speaking skills the students have learnedThe teacher begins with the assignment mainly to review the functional and notional language the students picked up in the previous classes.The teacher asks some students to answer the questions in Ex.9 of the Listening and Speaking section and invites a few students to tell their classmates their opinions on the topic of“Life would be第13页UNIT1s.t.p.1.11Time ContentsPlan 1)StarterAfter a brief explanation of the instructions,the teacher A.gives the students a few minutes to think about the questions in the starter;B.asks some students to tell the others their responses.(10 minutes)Text A&text-related exercises meaningless without misunder-standings.”第14页UNIT1s.t.p.1.12TimeContentsPlan 2)Text AThe teacher lets the students answer the text-related questions,helps them identify the main idea of each paragraph and analyzes some difficult sentences and some language points while discussing the whole text with the students(one and a half periods);A.第15页UNIT1s.t.p.1.13TimeContentsPlan guides the students through the exercises,focusing on certain items or leaving some exercises as the students homework,according to the students different levels of English(one period).B.第16页UNIT1s.t.p.1.14TimeContentsPlan 1 period Grammar Review1)Grammar ReviewThe teacher explains to the students what the subject-verb agreement is,and then asks the students to do the grammar exercises in class.第17页UNIT1s.t.p.1.15TimeContentsPlan 2)Practical WritingThe teacher tells as well as shows the students how to write an invitation by doing Ex.12 of Practical Writing,and then requires the students to do Ex.13 and Ex.14 as their homework.Practical Writing第18页UNIT1s.t.p.1.16TimeContentsPlan 2 periods Text B&text-related exercises 1)Text BWhile discussing the text with the students,the teacher calls on them to pay attention to the structure of the paragraphs of the text,introducing briefly the concept of the topic sentence.Ex.16 and Ex.17 can be done either in class or after class.第19页UNIT1s.t.p.1.17TimeContentsPlan 2)Practical ReadingThis part should either be read by the students themselves as their homework or done in class.Practical Reading第20页UNIT1s.t.p.1.18TimeContentsPlan Basic Reading Skills3)Basic Reading SkillsThe teacher tells the students how to guess the meanings of unknown words in context(1),and asks them to do the exercises in Basic Reading Skills.第21页UNIT1.BackgroundInformationEnglishLanguageCharacteristicsofEnglishAmericanEnglishNewZealandTheBigAppleBI第22页UNIT1BI-ELEnglishLanguage The English language is the most widely spoken language in the world.It is used as either a primary or secondary language in many countries.During the 1500s,fewer than 2 million people spoke English.All of them lived in what is now Great Britain.Through the centuries,as the result of various historical events,English spread throughout the world.Today,about 400 million people speak English as their native language.Most of them live in Australia,Canada,Great Britain,Ireland,New Zealand,South Africa,and the United States.第23页UNIT1BI-EL Another 100 million people living chiefly in Bangladesh,India,Pakistan,and in many African countries speak English in addition to their own language.An additional 200 million people probably know at least some English.(From the 1998 World Book Multimedia Encyclopedia)第24页UNIT1CharacteristicsofEnglish Vocabulary.English has a larger vocabulary than any other language.There are more than 600,000 words in the largest dictionaries of the English language.Some English words have been passed on from generation to generation as far back as scholars can trace.These words,such as woman,man,sun,hand,love,go,and eat,express basic ideas and feelings.Later,many words were borrowed from other languages,including Arabic,French,German,Greek,Italian,Latin,Russian,and Spanish.For example,algebra is from Arabic,fashion from French,piano from Italian,and canyon from Spanish.BI-CE1第25页UNIT1BI-CE2 A number of words,such as doghouse and splashdown,were formed by combining other words.New words were also created by blending words.For example,motor and hotel were blended into motel.Words can be shortened to form new words,as was done with history to form story.Words called acronyms are formed by using the first letter or letters of several words.The word radar is an acronym for radio detection and ranging.CharacteristicsofEnglish第26页UNIT1BI-CE3 Pronunciationandspelling in English sometimes seem illogical or inconsistent.Many words are spelled similarly though pronounced differently.Examples include cough,though,and through.Other words,such as blue,crew,to,too,and shoe,have similar pronunciations but are spelled differently.Many of these variations show changes that occurred during the development of English.The spelling of some words remained the same through the centuries,though their pronunciation changed.CharacteristicsofEnglish第27页UNIT1BI-CE4Grammar is the set of principles used to create sentences.These principles define the elements used to assemble sentences and the relationships between the elements.The elements include parts of speech and inflections.CharacteristicsofEnglish第28页UNIT1BI-CE5CharacteristicsofEnglish Parts of speech are the word categories of the English language.Scholars do not all agree on how to describe the parts of speech.The traditional description lists eight classes:nouns,pronouns,verbs,adjectives,adverbs,prepositions,conjunctions,and interjections.The most important relationships of the parts of speech include subject and verb,verb and predicate,and modifier and the word modified.第29页UNIT1BI-CE6CharacteristicsofEnglish English has fewer inflections than most other European languages.An English noun has only two inflections,the plural and the possessive.Inflections are used to change the tense and number of a verb or the case of a pronoun.Inflections can change adjectives to the comparative or the superlative for example,big,bigger,biggest.(From the 1998 World Book Multimedia Encyclopedia)第30页UNIT1AmericanEnglishBI-AE1 American English is a variety of the English language spoken in the United States.Although all Americans do not speak the same way,their speech has enough in common that American English can be recognized as a variety of English distinct from British English,Australian English,and other national varieties.American English has grown up with the country.It began to diverge from British English during its colonial beginnings and acquired regional differences and ethnic flavor during the settlement of the continent.第31页UNIT1BI-AE2Today it influences other languages and other varieties of English because it is the medium by which the attractions of American culture its literature,motion pictures,and television programs are transmitted to the world.CharacteristicsofAmericanEnglish A.Pronunciation In broad terms,Canadian and American speakers tend to sound like one another.They also tend to sound different from a large group of English speakers who sound more British,such as those in Australia,New Zealand,and South Africa.For example,most Canadians and Americans pronounce an r sound after the vowel in words like barn,car,第32页UNIT1BI-AE3and farther,while speakers from the British English group do not.Also,some British English speakers drop h sounds at the beginning of words,so that he and his are pronounced as if they were spelled ee and is.The English spoken in Australia,New Zealand,and South Africa sounds more like British English than American English does because these varieties have had less time to diverge from British English.The process of separate development began later in these countries than in North America.第33页UNIT1 In some cases there are differences between American English and British English in the rhythm of words.British speakers seem to leave out a syllable in words like secretary,as if it were spelled secretry,while Americans keep all the syllables.The opposite is true of other words,such as specialty,which Americans pronounce with three syllables(spe-cial-ty)while British speakers pronounce it with five syllables(spe-ci-al-i-ty).Vowels and consonants may also have different pronunciations.British speakers pronounce zebra to rhyme with Debra,while American speakers make zebra rhyme with Libra.Canadian and British speakers pronounce the word schedule as if it began with an sh sound,while Americans pronounce it as if it began with an sk sound.BI-AE4第34页UNIT1BI-AE5 B.Words The most frequently used words are shared by speakers of different varieties of English.These words include the most common nouns,the most common verbs,and most function words(such as pronouns,articles,and prepositions).The different varieties of English do,however,use different words for many words that are slightly less common for example,British crisps for American potato chips,Australian billabong for American pond,and Canadian chesterfield for American sofa.It is even more common for the same word to exist with different meanings in different varieties of English.第35页UNIT1BI-AE6Corn is a general term in Britain,for which Americans use grain,while corn in American English is a specific kind of grain.The word pond in British English usually refers to an artificial body of water,whereas ponds also occur naturally in North America.British English chemist is the same as American English drugstore,and in Canada people go to the druggist.Many of the words most easily recognized as American in origin are associated with aspects of American popular culture,such as gangster or cowboy.第36页UNIT1BI-AE7 C.Spelling American English spelling differs from British English spelling largely because of one man,American lexicographer Noah Webster.In addition to his well-known An American Dictionary of the English Language(1828),Webster published The American Spelling Book(1783,with many subsequent editions),which became one of the most widely used schoolbooks in American history.Websters books sought to standardize spelling in the United States by promoting the use of an American language that intentionally differed from British English.The development of a specifically American variety of English mirrored the new第37页UNIT1countrys separate political development.Websters most successful changes were spellings with or instead of our(honor,labor for the British honour,labour);with er instead of re(center,theater for the British centre,theatre);with an s instead of a c(defense,license for the British defence,licence);with a final ck instead of que(check,mask for the British cheque,masque);and without a final k(traffic,public,now also used in British English,for the older traffick,publick).Later spelling reform created a few other differences,such as program for British programme.Canadian spelling varies between the British and American forms,more British in eastern Canada and more American in western Canada.BI-AE8第38页UNIT1BI-AE9D.Grammar The grammar of educated speakers of English differs little among national varieties.In the speech of people with less access to education,grammatical variations in regional and social varieties of American English are very common as normal,systematic occurrences(not as errors).One major difference between British and American English is that the two attach different verb forms to nouns that are grammatically singular but plural in sense.In American English,the team is,or the government is(because they are viewed as single entities),but in British English,the team are,or the government are(because teams and第39页UNIT1BI-AE10government are understood to consist of more than one person).Sometimes function words are used differently:The British stay in hospital but Americans stay in the hospital.(From Microsoft Encarta Reference Library)