高中英语完形填空方法和技巧省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

Welcome to our class!第1页Leading-inGuess the missing words in the song Im a New Soul.第2页Brain stormingImaNewSoulIma_soulIcametothisstrangeworldhopingIcouldlearnabitabouthowtogiveand_.ButsinceIcameherefeltthejoyandthe_findingmyselfmakingeverypossible_la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la.Ima_soulinthisverystrangeworldhopingIcouldlearnabitaboutwhatistrueand_.Butwhyallthishatetrytocommunicatefindingtrustandloveisnotalwayseasytomake.la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la._New_newtakefearmistakeyoungfake第3页 ClozetestMethods&Skills第4页命题特点命题特点1完形填空主要是在语篇语境中考查 知识。2完形填空体裁多以 为主，偶有议论文、夹叙夹议文章或说明文。3要求选择填空词常为实词（如名词、动词、名词、动词、形容词形容词 、副词副词等）着重词义辨析能力考查；代词、冠词、介词、连词（包含从句连接词）考得较少。4.4.首句不设空首句不设空。5.逻辑链上挖空（原文中有线索词提醒）。6.选项设计：同一词类、同一语法形式同一词类、同一语法形式。记叙文词汇第5页跳过空格，通读全文，跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意把握大意再读全文，重复检验再读全文，重复检验结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案瞻前顾后，先易后难，瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破各个击破 完形填空解题步骤完形填空解题步骤第6页三种主要解题技巧：三种主要解题技巧：词汇利用词汇利用推理判断推理判断紧抓主旨紧抓主旨第7页 利用所学词汇，依据文章大意辨析词义，选出最正确选项，如：The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without _ his notes.A.bring up B.referring to C.looking for D.trying on【思绪点拨】B。此题考查短语动词区分，这四个短语基本意义为：bring up“养育，提出，吐出”，refer to“论及，谈到，参考”，look for“寻找”，try on“试穿”，依据题义：“经理在商务会议上讲了一个小时没看讲稿”。应选B。一、词汇利用一、词汇利用第8页二、推理判断二、推理判断我们能够从以下几方面进行推理判断：我们能够从以下几方面进行推理判断：1、利用、利用“前置信息前置信息”与与“后置信息后置信息”,即即语境语境2、利用复现词语、利用复现词语3、利用、利用同同义词义词或近或近义词义词4、利用反、利用反义词义词5、利用上下、利用上下义词义词6、运运用逻辑关系用逻辑关系7、利用生活常识及文化背景知识、利用生活常识及文化背景知识第9页充分利用文章上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提醒作用充分利用文章上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提醒作用词或句。比如：词或句。比如：Stevenson,aScotsman,hadlived_formanyyears.In1881hereturnedtoScotlandforaholiday.A.aloneB.nextdoorC.athomeD.abroad1、利用、利用“前置信息前置信息”与与“后置信息后置信息”第10页2、利用复现词语、利用复现词语有时为了表示需求，在上下文中有同一概念出现，能够借助这一信息选择正确答案。AllofasuddenIstartedtofeelrather_1_.ShewonderedwhyIwaslookingforthissortof_2_.Ifeltevenmorehopelesswhenshetoldmethatitwouldbedifficulttogetajobwithoutexperience.1.A.encouragedB.dissatisfiedC.hopelessD.pleased2.A.placeB.jobC.adviceD.help第11页 在英语中有时为了防止重复，惯用意思相同或相近词或解释性语言来连接上下文。IrememberasachildIsaidsomething_aboutsomebody,andmyfathersaid,“Anytimeyousaysomethingunpleasantaboutsomebodyelse,itsareflectionofyou.”A.unkindB.unnecessaryC.unimportantD.unusual【思绪点拨】A。近义词复现，从后暗示unpleasant得知答案。3、利用同义词或近义词、利用同义词或近义词第12页 语意连贯有时经过对比结构采取反义复现伎俩，或者是以反义方式对前文加以解释。应注意分析这类概念复现，从反义角度判断正确选项。Somepartsofthewaterareveryshallow(浅浅).Butinsomeplacesitisvery.A.highB.deepC.coldD.dangerous4、利用、利用反义词第13页5、利用、利用上下义词 上义词是总称词，下义词是被包含个体。它们是包含与被包含关系。如：food是bread,noodle,milk,rice上义词，反之bread,noodle,milk,rice是food下义词。第14页 1.He taught her how to rely on her other _,specifically her hearing（NMET 湖北卷）A.feeling B.organs C.skills D.senses 2.Idropped all the coins into“It proved to be a waste of _,”I thought A.words B.effort C.space D.money第15页如表示结构层次如表示结构层次firstly,secondly,finally等；等；如表示并列关系如表示并列关系and,or,besides,aswell(as)等；等；表示因果关系表示因果关系thus,therefore,so等，等，表示改变话题表示改变话题bytheway；表示递进关系表示递进关系besides,whatsmore,further等，等，表示转折关系表示转折关系however,but,while,ontheotherhand等等等。等。做题时假如能充分利用这些过渡词汇，就能做题时假如能充分利用这些过渡词汇，就能够快速理清文章脉络，搞清上下文关系。够快速理清文章脉络，搞清上下文关系。6、利用逻辑关系、利用逻辑关系第16页【小试闯关】1.WearrivedinSpainforthefirsttimeafewweeksago.IdecidedtobuyacarbecausewehadsoldtheonewehadinEnglandbefore_home.A.leavingB.makingC.returningD.getting【思绪点拨】此题考查行文逻辑中因果关系、时间先后次序。从第一句arrived可知题2选A（leaving）。2.Shewassmallinfigurebutstrongin_.A.brainB.wishC.willD.health依据连词确定选项。依据连词确定选项。第17页7、利用生活常识及文化背景知识、利用生活常识及文化背景知识了解生活常识，确定相关知识了解生活常识，确定相关知识1.It was an early morning in summer.In the streets,sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly,heading towards their_.This was the beginning of another ordinary day in New York City.A.jobsB.homesC.busesD.offices2.(Immediately)the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the_ hospital.A.animalB.biggestC.plantD.nearest第18页三、紧抓主旨三、紧抓主旨作者往往经过作者往往经过首句或首段首句或首段揭示文揭示文章主旨大意，表达文章题材、体裁。章主旨大意，表达文章题材、体裁。在做完形填空时，我们要理清文章思在做完形填空时，我们要理清文章思绪，绪，把握作者态度或思想情感把握作者态度或思想情感，这对做好一篇完形有着非常主要作用，这对做好一篇完形有着非常主要作用，不然可能造成几个空格连续选填失误。不然可能造成几个空格连续选填失误。第19页Bedtimestoriesareoneofthedelightsofearlychildhood.AccordingtoDr.JulieSpreadburyfromQueenslandUniversity,Parentsshouldnot_1_readingtotheirchildrenaftertheyenterprimaryschool.1.A.speedupB.keepupC.giveupD.holdup 第20页解题误区解题误区做完形填空时，除了依据所学语言知识和解题技做完形填空时，除了依据所学语言知识和解题技巧外，还应防止几个误区。巧外，还应防止几个误区。1、单纯求快单纯求快，忽略语篇了解，只看局部词义辨析、，忽略语篇了解，只看局部词义辨析、搭配和语法结构，试图用语言知识处理全部问题。搭配和语法结构，试图用语言知识处理全部问题。2、时间安排不妥时间安排不妥，做完形填空时间应控制在，做完形填空时间应控制在15分钟分钟左右。正确做法是左右。正确做法是由易到难。由易到难。第21页Task:Usethemethodsyouhavelearnedtoanalyseyourhomework.第22页Ithasbeenarguedbysomethatgiftedchildrenshouldbegroupedinspecialclasses.The1hasbeenonthebeliefthatinregularclassesthesechildrenareheldbackintheirintellectual(智力智力)growthby2situationthataredesignedforthe3children.Therecanbelittledoubtthat4classescanhelpthegiftedchildrentograduateearlierandtaketheirplaceinlifesooner.However,totakethese5outoftheregularclassesmaycreateseriousproblems.1.A.principle B.theory C.arguments D.classification2.A.designing B.grouping C.learning D.living3.A.smart B.curious C.mature D.average4.A.regular B.special C.small D.creative5.A.children B.programs C.graduates D.designs Practice makes perfect!NMET Guangdong Cloze Testarguedchildrenclassesintellectual_children_theseHowevergifted同词（同源词）暗示同一话题暗示同一话题（场景）暗示反义暗示反义暗示因果暗示_第23页However,totakethese5outoftheregularclassesmaycreateseriousproblems.Iobservedanumberof6childrenwhoweretakenoutofaspecialclassandplacedina7class.Inthespecialclass,theyshowedlittleabilitytousetheirownjudgment,relying8ontheirteachersdirections.Intheregularclass,havingnoworryaboutkeepingup,theybegantoreflect9onmanyproblems,someofwhichwerenotontheschoolprogram.5.A.children B.programs C.graduates D.designs6.A.intelligent B.competent C.ordinary D.independent7.A.separate B.regular C.new D.boring8.A.specially B.slightly C.wrongly D.heavily9.A.directly B.cleverly C.voluntarily D.quickly_反义暗示与 gifted 近义暗示giftedchildren_因果暗示反义暗示因果暗示第24页Many are concerned that gifted children become 10 and lose interest in learning.However this 11 is more often from parents and teachers than from students,and some of these 12 simply conclude that special classes should be set up for those who are 13 .Some top students do feel bored in class,but why they 14 so goes far beyond the work they have in school.Studies have shown that to be bored is to be anxious.The gifted child who is bored is an 15 child.10.A.doubted B.bored C.worried D.tired11.A.concern B.conclusion C.reflection D.interest12.A.students B.adults C.scholars D.teachers13.A.talented B.worried C.learned D.interested14.A.believe B.think C.say D.feel 15.A.outstanding B.intelligent C.anxious D.ordinary_this_these_so_近义暗示同词（同源词）暗示上下义词暗示_近义暗示同词（同源词）暗示近义暗示_同词（同源词）暗示同词（同源词）暗示第25页1.In a cloze,a clue word can be found either before or after a blank.2.In an article,there are lots of clue words.Summary第26页Homework1.Get a better understanding of the basic skills we have discussed in this class.2.Finish another Cloze Test in your papers.Do remember to apply the above skills.第27页第28页