军事英语基本词汇和表达英汉对照省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

军事英语基本词汇和表示军事英语基本词汇和表示第1页MilitarySystem军制n nPLAshighestpolicy-makingbody:PLAshighestpolicy-makingbody:n nCentralMilitaryCommission(CMC)CentralMilitaryCommission(CMC)n nThePLAGeneralDepartmentsareThePLAGeneralDepartmentsareimmediatelyunderit.immediatelyunderit.n nTheyare:Theyare:n ntheHeadquartersoftheGeneralStaff,theHeadquartersoftheGeneralStaff,n ntheGeneralPoliticalDepartment,theGeneralPoliticalDepartment,n ntheGeneralLogisticsDepartment,andtheGeneralLogisticsDepartment,andn ntheGeneralArmamentsDepartment.theGeneralArmamentsDepartment.(总参谋部，总政治部，总后勤部，总装备部总参谋部，总政治部，总后勤部，总装备部)第2页n nThePLAiscomposedofdifferentarmsandThePLAiscomposedofdifferentarmsandservices,theyare:services,theyare:n nArmy,Navy,AirForceandSecondArtillery.Army,Navy,AirForceandSecondArtillery.n nThelargestarmyunitisThelargestarmyunitisn nmilitaryareacommands(militaryareacommands(军区军区).).n nTheestablishmentofarmyunitgoesas:Theestablishmentofarmyunitgoesas:grouparmy,division,brigade,regiment,grouparmy,division,brigade,regiment,battalion,company,battalion,company,platoonandsquadplatoonandsquad.（集团军、师、旅、团、营、连、排、班）（集团军、师、旅、团、营、连、排、班）n ncommandercommandern nleaderleader模拟模拟-simulated-simulatedMilitarySystem第3页MilitaryServicesandArms军兵种n nThemodernArmyhasmoreandmorearms.TheThemodernArmyhasmoreandmorearms.Theyare:yare:n nInfantry,artillery,armoredforce,engineer,Infantry,artillery,armoredforce,engineer,Airdefenseforce,armyaviation,Airdefenseforce,armyaviation,specialtroops,reconnaissancetroops,specialtroops,reconnaissancetroops,communicationunit,electroniccommunicationunit,electroniccountermeasureservicemenandsoon.countermeasureservicemenandsoon.n nTheAirForcecomprisesTheAirForcecomprises n n fightingaviationarms,bomberaviationfightingaviationarms,bomberaviationarms,parachutecorps(airbornetroops),arms,parachutecorps(airbornetroops),missilecorps,radarcorps,etc.missilecorps,radarcorps,etc.n nTheNavyiscomposedofTheNavyiscomposedofn nsurfaceshipunitandsubmarineunit,surfaceshipunitandsubmarineunit,navalaviation,marinecorps,coastalnavalaviation,marinecorps,coastaldefenseandsoon.defenseandsoon.第4页RanksInTheChineseArmedForces一级上将一级上将-GeneralFirstClass-GeneralFirstClass上将上将-General-General中将中将-LieutenantGeneral-LieutenantGeneral少将少将-MajorGeneral-MajorGeneral大校大校-SeniorColonel-SeniorColonel上校上校-Colonel-Colonel中校中校-LieutenantColonel-LieutenantColonel少校少校-Major-Major第5页RanksInTheChineseArmedForces上尉上尉-Captain-Captain中尉中尉-FirstLieutenant-FirstLieutenant少尉少尉-SecondLieutenant-SecondLieutenant军事长军事长-MasterSergeant-MasterSergeant专业军士专业军士-SpecialistSergeant-SpecialistSergeant上士上士-Sergeant,FirstClass-Sergeant,FirstClass中士中士-Sergeant-Sergeant下士下士-Corporal-Corporal上等兵上等兵-Private,FirstClass-Private,FirstClass列兵列兵-Private-Private第6页RanksInTheNavy一级上将一级上将-Admiral,FirstClass-Admiral,FirstClass上将上将-Admiral-Admiral中将中将-ViceAdmiral-ViceAdmiral少将少将-RearAdmiral-RearAdmiral大校大校-SeniorCaptain-SeniorCaptain上校上校-Captain-Captain中校中校-Commander-Commander少校少校-LieutenantCommander-LieutenantCommander第7页上尉上尉-Lieutenant-Lieutenant中尉中尉-Lieutenant,JuniorGrade-Lieutenant,JuniorGrade少尉少尉-Ensign-Ensign军事长军事长-ChiefPettyOfficer-ChiefPettyOfficer专业军士专业军士-SpecialistPettyOfficer-SpecialistPettyOfficer上士上士-PettyOfficer,FirstClass-PettyOfficer,FirstClass中士中士-PettyOfficer,SecondClass-PettyOfficer,SecondClass下士下士-PettyOfficer,ThirdClass-PettyOfficer,ThirdClass上等兵上等兵-Seaman,FirstClass-Seaman,FirstClass列兵列兵-Seaman,SecondClass-Seaman,SecondClassRanksInTheNavy第8页一级上将一级上将-General,FirstClass-General,FirstClass上将上将-General-General中将中将-LieutenantGeneral-LieutenantGeneral少将少将-MajorGeneral-MajorGeneral大校大校-SeniorColonel-SeniorColonel上校上校-Colonel-Colonel中校中校-LieutenantColonel-LieutenantColonel少校少校-Major-MajorAirForce第9页上尉上尉-Captain-Captain中尉中尉-FirstLieutenant-FirstLieutenant少尉少尉-SecondLieutenant-SecondLieutenant军事长军事长-MasterSergeant-MasterSergeant专业军士专业军士-SpecialistSergeant-SpecialistSergeant上士上士-TechnicalSergeant-TechnicalSergeant中士中士-StaffSergeant-StaffSergeant下士下士-Corporal-Corporal上等兵上等兵-Airman,FirstClass-Airman,FirstClass列兵列兵-Airman,SecondClass-Airman,SecondClassAirForce第10页CommonOrdersn n起床！起床！n n集合！集合！n n出（上）操！出（上）操！n n立正！立正！n n稍息！稍息！n n向右看向右看-齐！齐！n n向左看向左看-齐！齐！n n向前向前-看！看！n n报数！报数！n n点名！点名！n n到！到！n n立定！立定！n n靠拢！靠拢！n nGet up!Get up!n nFall in!Fall in!n nAttend drill!Attend drill!n nAttention!Attention!n nAt ease!At ease!n nRight-dress!Right-dress!n nLeft-dress!Left-dress!n nEyes-front!Eyes-front!n nCount off!Count off!n nCall the roll!Roll call!Call the roll!Roll call!n nHere!Here!n nHalt!Halt!n nClose!Close!第11页CommonOrdersn n向左向左-转！转！n n向右向右-转！转！n n向后向后-转！转！n n齐步齐步-走！走！n n踏步！踏步！n n跑步跑步-走！走！n n正步正步-走！走！n n右转弯右转弯-走！走！n n左转弯左转弯-走！走！n n前进！前进！n n一二一！一二一！n nLeft-face(Left turn)!Left-face(Left turn)!n nRight-face(Right turn)!Right-face(Right turn)!n nAbout-face(About turn)!About-face(About turn)!n nForward-march(March off)!Forward-march(March off)!n nMark time-march!Mark time-march!n nDouble(time)-march!Double(time)-march!n nMarch at attention!March at attention!n nRight-wheel!Right-wheel!n nLeft-wheel!Left-wheel!n nAdvance!Advance!n nLeft right left!Left right left!第12页CommonOrdersn n取取(拿拿)枪！枪！n n肩枪！肩枪！n n枪放下！枪放下！n n卧倒！卧倒！n n装子弹！装子弹！n n退子弹！退子弹！n n射击！射击！n n起立！起立！n n解散！解散！n nTake armsTake arms！n nShoulder armsShoulder arms！n nOrder armsOrder arms！n nDownDown！n nLoadLoad！n nUnloadUnload！n nFireFire！n nGet up(Stand up)Get up(Stand up)！n nDismissDismiss！第13页400400m-Obstacle Race&Physical Trainingm-Obstacle Race&Physical Training四百障碍和体能训练四百障碍和体能训练四百障碍和体能训练四百障碍和体能训练 n n软桥软桥 n n螺旋梯螺旋梯n n高低杠高低杠n n浮桥浮桥n n模拟沙滩模拟沙滩n n阻绝墙阻绝墙n n单杠单杠n n双杠双杠n n仰卧起坐仰卧起坐n n越野跑越野跑n n训练场训练场 n nsoft bridgesoft bridgen ncockle stairscockle stairsn nuneven barsuneven barsn nfloating bridgefloating bridgen nsimulation beachsimulation beachn nstop wallstop walln nhorizontal barhorizontal barn nparallel barsparallel barsn nsit-upsit-upn ncross-country racecross-country racen ntraining groundtraining ground第14页WeaponsandEquipmentn nClassificationofWeaponsn nByuserwhatpersonorunitByuserwhatpersonorunitusestheweapon;usestheweapon;n nByfunctiontheconstructionByfunctiontheconstructionoftheweaponandprincipleofoftheweaponandprincipleofoperation;operation;n nBytargetthetypeoftargetBytargetthetypeoftargettheweaponisdesignedtotheweaponisdesignedtoattackattack第15页A.ClassificationByuserPersonalweapon/SmallarmPersonalweapon/Smallarm handgun,rifle,shotgun,handgun,rifle,shotgun,manual,semi-automatic/fullautomaticweaponmanual,semi-automatic/fullautomaticweapon man-portablemachinegunman-portablemachinegun LightweaponLightweapon rocket,missile,grenadelauncher,rocketlauncher,rocket,missile,grenadelauncher,rocketlauncher,landmine,antiaircraftgun,mortar,handgrenade,landmine,antiaircraftgun,mortar,handgrenade,rocket-propelledgrenade(RPG)rocket-propelledgrenade(RPG)Personalweapon/Smallarm+LightweaponPersonalweapon/Smallarm+LightweaponSALWSALW小小/轻武器（小武器）轻武器（小武器）散弹枪散弹枪/猎枪猎枪便捷式机枪便捷式机枪榴弹发射器榴弹发射器火箭发射器；火箭发射器；火箭筒火箭筒高射炮高射炮迫击炮迫击炮手榴弹手榴弹火箭推进榴弹火箭推进榴弹 第16页Heavyweapon:Heavyweapon:missile,combatvehicle,tank,howitzermissile,combatvehicle,tank,howitzerInfantrysupportweapon(crew-servedweapon):Infantrysupportweapon(crew-servedweapon):班组支援武器班组支援武器 medium,heavymachinegun,anti-tankgun,anti-aircraftmedium,heavymachinegun,anti-tankgun,anti-aircraftgun,recoillessrifle,automaticgrenadelauncher,gun,recoillessrifle,automaticgrenadelauncher,mortarwithcaliberlessthan120mm(4.72inches),mortarwithcaliberlessthan120mm(4.72inches),shoulder-launchedmissileweapon,staticanti-tankandshoulder-launchedmissileweapon,staticanti-tankandanti-aircraftmissileanti-aircraftmissileA.ClassificationByuser榴弹炮榴弹炮无后坐力炮无后坐力炮口径口径静态静态第17页A.ClassificationByuserFortificationweaponFortificationweapon防御工事武器防御工事武器MountainweaponsMountainweapons packhowitzerspackhowitzersVehicleweaponsVehicleweapons cannon;sentrygun;remoteweaponsystem(RWS)cannon;sentrygun;remoteweaponsystem(RWS)Aircraftweapons:Aircraftweapons:guns,cannons,bombs,missiles,rockets,air-launchedguns,cannons,bombs,missiles,rockets,air-launchedtorpedoestorpedoes空投鱼雷空投鱼雷远程遥控武器系统远程遥控武器系统第18页A.ClassificationByuserNavalweapons:Navalweapons:submarine-launchedballisticmissilessubmarine-launchedballisticmissilesSpaceweapons:Spaceweapons:Anti-satelliteweapons(ASAT)Anti-satelliteweapons(ASAT)Autonomousweapons:Autonomousweapons:MilitaryrobotMilitaryrobot arecapableofaccomplishingamissionwithlimitedornoarecapableofaccomplishingamissionwithlimitedornohumaninterventionhumanintervention潜射弹道导弹潜射弹道导弹第19页Daksh-RemotelyOperatedVehicledevelopedbyDRDOGuardium-anIsraeliunmannedsecurityvehicle(USV)PackBot-aseriesofmilitaryrobots第20页MQ-9Reaper,unmannedcombatairvehicle(UCAV)MQ-1Predator,remotepilotedaircraft第21页Non-lethalweaponsSuicideweaponsAntimatterweaponsB.ClassificationByfunction第22页中国奉行防御性国防政策。中国把捍卫国家主权、安全和领土完整，保障国家发展利益和保护人民利益放在高于一切位置，努力建设与国家安全和发展利益相适应巩固国防和强大军队，在全方面建设小康社会进程中实现富国和强军统一。Chinapursuesanationaldefensepolicywhichispurelydefensiveinnature.Chinaplacestheprotectionofnationalsovereignty,security,territorialintegrity,safeguardingoftheinterestsofnationaldevelopment,andtheinterestsoftheChinesepeopleaboveallelse.Chinaendeavorstobuildafortifiednationaldefenseandstrongmilitaryforcescompatiblewithnationalsecurityanddevelopmentinterests,andenrichthecountryandstrengthenthemilitarywhilebuildingamoderatelyprosperoussocietyinallaspects.NationalDefensePolicy第23页维护国家安全统一，保障国家发展利益；实现国防和军队建设全方面协调可连续发展；加强以信息化为主要标志军队质量建设；落实主动防御军事战略方针；坚持自卫防御核战略；营造有利于国家和平发展安全环境。Chinesesnationaldefensepolicyforthenewstageinthenewcenturybasicallyincludes:upholdingnationalsecurityandunity,andensuringtheinterestsofnationaldevelopment;achievingtheall-around,coordinatedandsustainabledevelopmentofChinasnationaldefenseandarmedforces;enhancingtheperformanceofthearmedforceswithinformationizationasthemajormeasuringcriterion;implementingthemilitarystrategyofactivedefense;pursuingaself-defensivenuclearstrategy;andfosteringasecurityenvironmentconducivetoChinaspeacefuldevelopment.新世纪新阶段中国国防基本内容是：新世纪新阶段中国国防基本内容是：第24页中国实施主动防御军事战略，在战略上坚持防御、自卫和后发制人标准。适应世界军事发展新趋势，依据国家安全和发展战略要求，中国制订了新时期主动防御军事战略方针。Chinaimplementsamilitarystrategyofactivedefense.Strategically,itadherestotheprincipleoffeaturingdefensiveoperations,self-defenseandstrikingandgettingthebetteroftheenemyonlyaftertheenemyhasstartedanattack.Inresponsetothenewtrendsinmilitarydevelopmentsandtherequirementsofthenationalsecurityanddevelopmentstrategy,Chinahasformulatedamilitarystrategicguidelineofactivedefenseforthenewperiod.第25页StatementsonSensitiveIssues1.Taiwan Issue台湾自古以来就是中国领土，这是中国政府坚持标准。中国政府处理台湾问题基本方针是“和平统一、一国两制”。世界上只有一个中国，台湾是中国不可分割一部分，中央政府在北京。这是举世公认事实，也是和平处理台湾问题前提。TaiwanisChinasterritorysinceancienttimes,whichistheprinciplethatChineseGovernmentadheresto.ThebasicpositionofChineseGovernmentonsettlingtheTaiwanquestionis:peacefulreunification;onecountry,twosystems.TaiwanisaninalienablepartofChinaandtheseatofChinascentralgovernmentisinBeijing.ThisisauniversallyrecognizedfactaswellasthepremiseforapeacefulsettlementoftheTaiwanquestion.第26页1.TaiwanIssue台湾问题纯属中国内政，台湾问题应该也完全能够经过两岸协商，在一个中国架构内求得合理处理。TheTaiwanquestionispurelyaninternalaffairofChina,TheTaiwanquestionshouldandentirelycanberesolvedjudiciouslythroughbilateralconsultationsandwithintheframeworkofoneChina.第27页2.South China Sea issue中国对南海诸岛及其附近海域拥有主权。中国确保南海及其附近海域通航安全，这与中国拥有这一地域主权不矛盾。中国奉行和平发展国家战略，是维护南海稳定主要力量。Chinahassovereigntyovertheislandsandtheiradjacentwaters.ChinapledgedtoensurethenavigationsafetyintheSouthChinaSeaandadjacentwaters,whichisnotcontradictorytoChinassovereigntyoverthisregion.Chinapursuesthenationalstrategyofpeacefuldevelopment,andisanimportantforceinmaintainingthestabilityintheSouthChinaSea.第28页钓鱼岛及其从属岛屿自古以来就是中国固有领土，中方对此拥有充分历史和法理依据。最近，中日关系因钓鱼岛问题面临着严峻形势。中国在这个问题上秉持一贯、明确立场。中国政府维护领土主权问题立场是坚定不移。日本必须充分认识形势严峻性，而不应做犯错误决定。TheDiaoyuIslandanditsaffiliatedislandshavebeenChinassacredterritorysinceancienttimes.Thisissupportedbyhistoricalfactsandjurisprudentialevidences.China-JapanrelationshaverecentlyfacedaseveresituationduetotheDiaoyuIslandsissue.Chinaholdsaconsistent,clearstanceontheissue.TheChinesegovernmentstandsfirmontheissueofsafeguardingitsterritorialsovereignty.Japanmustfullyrecognizethegravityofthesituationandshouldnotmakewrongdecisions.3.Diaoyu Island issue第29页