现在进行时与过去进行时.doc

现在进行时
定义
　　表示说话时动作正在进行。现在进行时表示动作发生的时间是“现在”，动作目前的状态是“正在进行中”。所谓“正在进行中”，是指在谈到这件事的时候，这个动作还在进行中。至于它是什么时候开始的，什么时候会停下来，不是我们关心的。所以“正在进行时”的事件，可能发生几年了，也可能只有几分钟。仍在进行中这是“正在进行时”的关键所在,它是一件持续进行的事情。
现在进行时的构成
　　现在进行时的构成是:主语+be+v.ing〔现在分词〕形式
　　第一人称单数I+am+ing.
　　第一人称复数We+are+ing.
　　第二人称单(复)数 You+are+ing
　　第三人称单数 He（She，it）+is+ing
　　第三人称复数 They+are+ing
　　肯定句:主语+be（is/am/are）+现在分词
　　否定句：主语+be（is/am/are）+not+现在分词
　　一般疑问句:be（is/am/are）+主语+现在分词
　　特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+相应be动词+主语+现在分词+Sth?
　　间接引语中改为过去进行时。
现在分词变化规则
　　1.直接+ ing(例：sleep+ing sleeping)
　　2.去掉不发音的e+ing(例：bite-e+ing biting)
　　3.重读闭音节，中间只有一个元音字母，且末尾只有1个辅音字母，双写辅音字母+ing(例：sit- sitting)
4.以ie结尾变ie为y+ing （例：die-dying lie-lying）

现在进行时的基本用法：
　　A表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。
　　例：We are waiting for you.
　　B. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。
　　例：Mr. Green is writing another novel.
　　(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)
　　C.已经确定或安排好的将来活动。
　　　　We're flying to Paris tomorrow.(我们明天乘飞机去巴黎）
时间状语
　　现在进行时的标志有很多，如： now,these days, this week, at this moment等等。
等；或者告诉你一个准确的现在时间，或者用look, listen， Be quiet!/Don't talk,，提醒听者注意正在发生的事。例如：
　　They are playing basketball now.现在他们正在打篮球。
　　Listen! She is singing an English song.听，她正在唱英语歌。
　　Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图。那些孩子正在公园放风筝。
　　We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。
　　It's 6:30 now. I am getting up. 现在是6：30.我正在起床。
句型分析
　　1.一般疑问句是将be移到主语前面，句末加问号，读升调。
　　Are they putting up the scaffolding? Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.
　　Is he showing a foreign guest round the city? Yes, he is. / No, he isn't.
　　2.否定句式是在be动词后加not.
　　I am not working.
　　He isn't runnig or the track.
　　The students aren't playing football.
进行时。）
　　We are leaving on Friday。我们星期五出发。
　　Are you going anywhere tomorrow？你明天准备去哪儿？
　　A foreign guest is giving a lecture this afternoon。今天下午一个外国客人将给我们作报告。

特殊情况
　　1.有些动词从结构来看是现在进行时，但却是表示将要发生的事，而不表示动作现在正在进行。这些动词往往是一些表示位置移动变化的动词，如：go , come , leave , fly , move, start, begin , arrive, , stay, return等。
　　Next month my family is moving to Beijing.
　　下个月，我家就要搬到北京去了。(搬的动作并非现在发生，而将在下个月发生。)
　　My aunt is leaving for Shanghai at eleven o'clock tomorrow morning.
　　明天早上十一点我婶婶将离开去上海。
　　2.并不是所有动词都有进行时，一些动词一般在句中不能用现在进行时态，而应用一般现在时。这些动词往往是等表示情感状态、知觉认识、愿望或短暂性的动词。例如：see（明白）,know, want, like, hear, have(有), think, hope, hate等。
　　3.在时间、条件状语从句中，有时可用现在进行时代替一般将来时。
　　When you are passing my way，please drop in.
　　你什么时候路过我家，请进来坐。
被动语态
　　现在进行时
　　She is teaching the boy a lesson.→
　　The boy is being taught a lesson.
　　Now he is making the girl laugh.→
　　Now the girl is being made to laugh.
　　The parents are taking good care of their baby.→
　　Their baby is being taken good care of(by the parents).

与一般现在时区别
　　一般现在时表示经常性动作，现在进行时表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作。例如：
　　He studies hard. 他（经常）努力学习。
　　He is studying hard. 他（此刻或现阶段）正在努力学习。
　　一般现在时表示现在发生的动作，现在进行时表示眼前看得见的动作。例如：
　　Boats pass under the bridge. 船从桥下穿过。
　　The boat is passing under the bridge.
船正从桥下穿过

一、写出下例动词的现在分词形式

1）give____2）use____3）move____4）skate____5）draw____6）tell____7）ring____8）wear____9）get____10）put____11）hit____12）stop____13）keep____14）hurt____15）know____16）lie____17）die____18）begin____19）forget____20）save____21）close____22）see____23）carry____

二、用动词的正确时态填空

1）I________(talk).You________(listen)tO me now.
2）Look,the boy__________(run)fas
3）----What are you doing?----I_________(do) my homework.
4）----_______the students_______(read) English.----Yes,they are.
5）Tom_______(not study)English.He is studying Chinese.
6）----Who_______(sing)a song? ----Li Ying is.
7）The girl_______(not eat)bananas now.
8）----Where____they____(stand)?----They are standing over there.
9）Look！ The boy over there_______(ply) a model plane.
10）----What is Meimei doing now?----She______(watch)TV with her parents
11）He____(study) English very hard.
12）We often____(buy)books and things like that in the shop.
13）Polly____(not eat) a banana now.
过去进行时
过去进行时（Past continous tense）表示过去某时正在进行的动作（不强调是否完成）。
结构
　　1. 过去进行时由“主语+was/were + 现在分词”构成
　　例如： We were having supper when the phone rang. 我们正在吃晚饭时电话响了。
　　2.否定式由“主语+was/were not +现在分词”构成
　　例如： This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV. He was repairing his bike. 昨天这个时候，杰克不是在看电视，而是在修理自行车?
　　3.疑问式由“was/were + 主语+ 现在分词”构成
例如： Were you playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午四点你们在打篮球吗? 　
4.特殊疑问句=特殊疑问词+was/were+主语（I/you/he/she/they/we)+doing+其它

主要用法
　　1. 过去进行时的基本用法主要表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。
　　如：He fell asleep when he was reading. 他看书时睡着了。
　　2. 用过去进行时表示现在主要是为了使语气委婉、客气。
　　如：I was wondering if you could give me a lift. 我不知你能否让我搭一下车。
　　3. 过去进行时表示感情色彩与现在进行时相似，过去进行时也可表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩，也通常与 always,forever,等副词连用。
　　如：They were always quarrelling. 他们老是吵架。
　　4. 动词be的过去进行时也可表示过去一时的表现或暂时的状态。
　　比较：He was friendly. 他很友好。（指过去长期如此）
　　He was being friendly. 他当时显得很友好。（指当时一时的表现）
　　补充：when 的后面加一般过去时，而且动词是不延续性动词。
　　while 的后面加过去进行时，动词是延续性动词。

常用的时间状语
　　this morning,the whole morning,all day,yesterday,from nine to ten last evening,when,while,at that time,.just now，a moment ago
　　My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself;
　　It was raining when they left the station;吗
　　When I got to the top of the mountain,the sun was shining.
过去进行时与一般过去时
　　都强调过去发生的事
　　进行时强调过程，不一定完成
　　过去时强调事件，一定完成
　　p.s.：表示一个动作正在进行时，另一个动作发生了
　　如：He played when I was studying.
　　过去进行时与一般过去时，两者都表示过去发生的动作，但过去进行时表示在过去某一特定的时间点或时间段正在进行的动作，而一般过去时表示在过去时间完成的动作。例如：
　　I was typing a letter last night. 昨晚我在打一封信.（可能没打完）
　　I typed some letters last night. 我昨晚打了一些信.（已经打完）
　　1、一般过去时往往表示某一动作已经完成，而过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成。（延续性动词）
　　She wrote a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚给朋友写了封信。（信写完了）
　　She was writing a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚一直在给朋友写信。（信不一定写完）
　　2、一般过去时表示只做一次动作，而过去进行时却表示动作反复地进行。（短暂性动词）
　　She waved to me. 她朝我挥了挥手。
　　3、句中有a moment ago之类的短语一般用一般过去时。
　　4、句中有at this time last Sunday,from 8 to 9 yesterday 之类的状语一般用过去进行时。过去进行时可以用来代替一般过去时，表示更为偶然而非预定的动作：
　　I was talking to Tom the other day． 那天我跟汤姆聊天来着。

不用于进行时的动词
　　感官动词：hear,see,notice,feel,taste……
　　表示态度感情的动词：like,love,hate……
　　表心理状态：feel,want,prefer……
　　表占有：own,have，……
表存在状态和持续：look,owe,be…… 
练习：一、 用动词的适当形式填空。
1. While we __________ (wait) for the bus, a girl __________ (run) up to us.
2. I __________ (telephone) a friend when Bob __________ (come) in.
3. Jim __________ (jump) on the bus as it __________ (move) away.
4. We __________ (test) the new machine when the electricity __________ (go) off.
5. She __________ (not want) to stay in bed while the others ________________ (all, work) in the fields.
6. While mother ________ (put) Cathy to bed, the door bell ________ (ring).
7. As I __________ (walk) in the park, it __________ (begin) to rain.
8. Even when she ___________ (be) a child she _____ _____ (already, think) of becoming a ballerina (芭蕾舞演员).
9. It was quite late at night. George __________ (read) and Amy __________ (ply) her needle when they __________ (hear) a knock at the door.
10. There __________ (be) a group round the fire when they __________ (reach) it. An old woman __________ (sit) on the ground near the kettle; two small children __________ (lie) near her; a donkey __________ (bend) his head over a tall girl.
1. I _____ (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.
2. Mary _____ (go) over her lessons from six to seven last night. John and peter ____(do) the same thing.
3. What _____ you ___ (do) at that time?   We _____ (watch) TV.
4. Was your father at home yesterday evening? Yes, he was. He _____ (listen) to the radio.
5. They _____(not make) a model ship when I saw him.
6. _____ they ____ (have) a meeting at 4 yesterday afternoon?
No, they _____. They _____ (clean) the classroom.
7. ______ it ______(rain) when you left school?  Yes, it ____. (No, it ____)
8. What _____ your father _____ (do) when he was your age?
9. One day, Edison _____ (wait) for a train to arrive, and suddenly a little boy ran to the track(轨道) to play.
10. He asked me if I ______ (go) fishing that afternoon.
11. The three of them were in a hurry because their plane _____ (leave) in five minutes.
12. In a letter, john told us that he _____ (come) to china next month.
13. When the bell rang, jenny _____ (wait) in her seat.
14. She _____ (make) her dress the whole afternoon.
15. While my father ____ (look) through the evening paper, he suddenly ____ a cry.
二、 选择题。
1.    I ______ cooked a meal when you _____ me.
a. cooked, were ringing         b. was cooking, rang     c. was cooking, were ringing        d. cooked, rang
2.    He said he _____ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.
a. tries            b. tried           c. was trying          d. will try
3.    While she ______ TV, she ______ a sound outside the room.
a. was watching, was hearing    b. watched, was hearing c. watched, heard        d. was watching, heard
4.    They _____ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.
a. were watching           b. watch         c. watched      d. are watching
5.    What book ____ you ______ when I ____ you at four yesterday afternoon?
a. did, read, was seeing     b. did, read, saw c. were, reading, saw        d. were, reading, was seeing
6.    It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green _____ ready to fly to England.
a. are getting          b. get      c. were getting              d. got
7.    Lei Feng _____ always _____ of others when he ______ in the army.
a. is, thinking, was        b. was, thinking, is        c. did, think, is              d. was, thinking, was
8.    A girl ______ my pen fall off the table when she _____ me.
a. saw, passed  b. was seeing, passed c. was seeing, passed  d. was seeing, was passing
9.    We ____ for tom at ten last Sunday. He often kept us ______.
a. were waiting, waiting        b. were waiting, wait     c. waited, waiting   d. waited, wait
10.   He ____ his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday.
a. helps          b. would help         c. was helping        d. is helping
11.   While mother _______ some washing, I _____ a kite for Kate.
a. did, made           b. was doing, made c. was doing, was making    d. did, was making
12.   “_______ you angry then?” “they ______ too much noise.”
a. are, were making              b. were, were making    c. are, made    d. were, made
13.   He ____ some cooking at that time, so _____ me
a. did, heard   b. did, didn’t hear  c. was doing, heard        d. was doing, didn’t hear
14.   This time yesterday jack _____ his bike. He _____ TV
a. repaired, didn’t watch    b. was repairing, watched      c. repaired, watched    d. was repairing, wasn’t watching
15.   His parents wanted to know how he _____ on with his new classmates.
a. was getting         b. gets     c. is getting     d. will get

10

现在进行时、过去进行时练习
一、填空
1. Look！The boy over there (play) a model plane.
2. When you (knock) at the door yesterday, I (do) some washing.
3. I (telephone) a friend when Bob (come) in.
4. ---- the students (read) English.----Yes, they are.
5. Jane (wait) for me when I (arrive).
6. Mike and I (play) basketball at that time yesterday afternoon.
7. Tom (not study) English. He is studying Chinese.
8. It was six. The Greens (have) supper.
9. ----What you （do） at ten o'clock yesterday？
----I （studay） in class．
10. ----Where they (stand)?
----They are standing over there.
11. It was quite late at night. George (read) and Amy (play) her needle when they (hear) a knock at the door.
12. While she (watch) TV, her son (play) outside the room.
13. ----What is Meimei doing now?
----She (watch) TV with her parents
14. What you (do)?
15. I (sing) an English song.
16. We (test) the new machine when the electricity (go) off.
17. We can’t help you, because we (have) classes.
18. What are you (do) now? I (eat) bread.
19. It’s nine o’clock. My father (work) in the office.
20. When Harry （have） breakfast Lily （telephone） him．
21. She (not want) to stay in bed while the others (all, work) in the fields.
22. Look, the boy (put) the rubbish into the bin.
23. Where is Mak? He (run) on the grass.
24. When the teacher (come) into the classroom, the students (laugh) loudly.
二、选择
1.我在照看孩子.
A.I am looking after the baby.
B.I'm look aftering the baby.
C.I look am aftering the baby.
D.I looking after the baby.

2. He_______ of how he can do more for the people.
　A. had always thought 　 B. is always thinking　
C.has always been thought 　 D. thinking always
3. The reporter said that the UFO ___ east to west when he saw it.
A. was traveling B. traveled
C. had been traveling D. was to travel
4.Jack is_____with Jim.They are good____.
A.running; friend; B.running; friends;
C.runing; friends D.run; friend’s
5.When I arrived at his office, he ___ on the phone.
A. was speaking B. spoke
C. had been speaking D. had spoken
6.Look! Mary_______ doing homework.
A.is; one’s B.is; her C.are; his D.are; her
7.The Greens____supper now.
A.is having B.are;having C.is haveing D.are;having
8.My dictionary ___,I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.
　A. has lost, don’t find　 B. is missing, don’t find　
C. has lost, haven’t found 　 D. is missing, haven’t found.
9.Having a computer for personal use is no easy task because technology _______ so rapidly.
　 A. is changing　 B. has changed　
C. will have changed 　D. will change
10. .Look! The twins_____their mother do the housework.
A.are wanting B.help
C.are helping D.are looking
11.I can’t catch up with the fashion, because the clothes style_______ all the time.
　A. has changed 　B. is changed　 C. is changing 　 D. changed
12.Don’t make any noise while the students_______ to the class.
　A. are listening　 B. listened 　C. have listened 　 D. had listened
13.My brother ___ while he _ __ his bicycle and hurt himself.
A. fell, was riding B. fell, were riding
C. had fallen, rode D. had fallen, was riding
14.The kite_______ high in the sky now. It looks like a big bird.
　A. has flown　 B. is flying 　 C. was flying　 D. flew
15.As we all know, the population in the world _______ faster and faster.
　A. is grown 　B. is growing 　C. are grown 　D. are growing