新教材高二unitinfinitive动词不定式市公开课一等奖百校联赛特等奖课件.pptx

动词不定式动词不定式 10/10/该课件由【语文公社】友情提供第1页1不定式形式：（以动词do为例）主动被动l普通式todotobedone进行式tobedoing完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone否定式：not+todo10/10/该课件由【语文公社】友情提供第2页 ToteachEnglishismyjob.We plan to pay a visit.He seems to know a lot.Themeetingtobeheldtomorrowisputoff.The teacher ordered the work to be done.Tocatchthefirstbus,hegotupearly.（1 1）普通式：所表示动作与谓语动词动作同时发生）普通式：所表示动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后或发生在谓语动词动作之后10/10/该课件由【语文公社】友情提供第3页 The boy pretended to be working hard.He seems to be reading in his room.(2)(2)进行式：所表示动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，进行式：所表示动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，（3 3）完成式：表示动作发生在谓语动词动作之前）完成式：表示动作发生在谓语动词动作之前I regretted to have told a lie.I happened to have seen the film.He is pleased to have met his friend.10/10/该课件由【语文公社】友情提供第4页To finish the workTo finish the work in ten minutes is very in ten minutes is very hard.hard.To lose your heartTo lose your heart means failure.means failure.（1 1）作主语）作主语动词不定式短语作主语时，惯用动词不定式短语作主语时，惯用itit作形式主语，作形式主语，比如上面两句可用以下形式：比如上面两句可用以下形式：ItIt is very hard to finish the work in is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.ten minutes.ItIt means failure to lose your heart.means failure to lose your heart.10/10/该课件由【语文公社】友情提供第5页Her job is Her job is to cleanto clean the hall.the hall.He appears He appears to have caughtto have caught a cold.a cold.（2 2）作表语）作表语作表语不定式带作表语不定式带to与不带与不带to。作表语不定式通。作表语不定式通常带常带to，当主语部分含有实义动词，当主语部分含有实义动词do，不定，不定式作表语可省式作表语可省to。The only thing I can do is(to)wait.10/10/该课件由【语文公社】友情提供第6页 假如不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语，则用假如不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语，则用itit作形式宾语，真正宾语（不定式）后置，放在宾语补作形式宾语，真正宾语（不定式）后置，放在宾语补足语后面足语后面Marx found Marx found itit important to important to study the situation study the situation in Russia.in Russia.（3 3）作宾语：）作宾语：常与不定式做宾语连用动词有：常与不定式做宾语连用动词有：agree,ask,agree,ask,beg,choose,expect,fail,help,hope,learn beg,choose,expect,fail,help,hope,learn manage,offer,plan,pretend,promise,prefer,manage,offer,plan,pretend,promise,prefer,refuse,want,wishrefuse,want,wish 10/10/该课件由【语文公社】友情提供第7页I have no choice but I have no choice but to stayto stay here.here.He did nothing last Sunday but He did nothing last Sunday but repair his repair his bike.bike.There is nothing to do but There is nothing to do but wait.wait.v 动词不定式也可充当介词宾语动词不定式也可充当介词宾语v 动词不定式与疑问词连用作宾语动词不定式与疑问词连用作宾语He gave us some advice on He gave us some advice on how to learn how to learn English.English.v find,feel,consider,think,make +it+adj./n+to do I find it possible to ask the question10/10/该课件由【语文公社】友情提供第8页（4 4）作宾语补足语：）作宾语补足语：want,wish,ask,tell,order,beg,want,wish,ask,tell,order,beg,permit,help,advise,persuade,allow,permit,help,advise,persuade,allow,prepare,cause,force,call on,wait for,prepare,cause,force,call on,wait for,invite.invite.10/10/该课件由【语文公社】友情提供第9页I saw him I saw him cross the road.cross the road.He was seen He was seen to cross the road.to cross the road.有些动词如有些动词如make,let,have,see,make,let,have,see,find,watch,observe,notice,listen to,hear,find,watch,observe,notice,listen to,hear,feel feel 与不带与不带toto不定式连用，但改为被动语态时，不定不定式连用，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加式要加totov get sth/sb.to doHe got the car to start.10/10/该课件由【语文公社】友情提供第10页（5 5）作定语：）作定语：动词不定式作定语，与所修饰名词有以下关系：动词不定式作定语，与所修饰名词有以下关系：I have a meeting I have a meeting to attend.to attend.动宾关系：动宾关系：v 不定式为不及物动词时，应用介词不定式为不及物动词时，应用介词He found a good house to live He found a good house to live inin.The child has nothing to worry The child has nothing to worry aboutabout.10/10/该课件由【语文公社】友情提供第11页Have you got anything Have you got anything to sendto send?“Have you got anything“Have you got anything to be sentto be sent?”said?”said the secretary.the secretary.假如句子主语是不定式执行者，不定式用主动。假如句子主语是不定式执行者，不定式用主动。假如句子主语不是不定式执行者，不定式用被动。假如句子主语不是不定式执行者，不定式用被动。10/10/该课件由【语文公社】友情提供第12页We have made We have made a plan to finish the a plan to finish the workwork.说明所修饰名词内容：说明所修饰名词内容：He is He is the firstthe first to get here.to get here.被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语：被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语：10/10/该课件由【语文公社】友情提供第13页He worked day and night He worked day and night to get the moneyto get the money.She sold her hair She sold her hair to buy the watch chain.to buy the watch chain.（6）作状语：表目：He arrived late He arrived late to find the train goneto find the train gone.表结果：表结果：I visited him I visited him only to find him outonly to find him out.10/10/该课件由【语文公社】友情提供第14页Its Its too darktoo dark for us for us to see anythingto see anything.The question is The question is simplesimple for him for him to answerto answer.表程度：表程度：To tell you the truthTo tell you the truth,I dont like the,I dont like the way he talked.way he talked.（7 7）作独立成份：）作独立成份：10/10/该课件由【语文公社】友情提供第15页remember to do/doingforget to/doingregret to do/doingmean to do/doingtry to do/doingstop to do/doing10/10/该课件由【语文公社】友情提供第16页10/10/该课件由【语文公社】友情提供第17页1Doyouknowwhen_(go)tothefarm.2Pleaseremember_(lock)thedoorwhenyouleavetheroom.3Pleasedontforget_(ask)MrJohnsontocometomorrowparty.4Itsgood_(help)otherswhentheyareintrouble.5Iwant_(start)workatonce.6Themandownstairstoldthemanupstairsnot_(drop)hisshoesontotheflooratmidnightanymore.togotolocktoasktohelptostarttodrop10/10/该课件由【语文公社】友情提供第18页1Youmustbehungry.Illgetsomething_(eat)2UncleWangtoldthemhow_(make)aplanewithwoodandmetal.3Thequestionishow_(get)tothetopofthemountainquickly.4Shedidntknowwhat_(say)atthemeetingthedaybeforeyesterday.5”Stop_(talk),please.Thefilmhasbegun.”6Canyoutellmewhenyoucanfinish_(read)thesebooks.7Idontknowwhethersheenjoys_(wear)sunglasses.8No_(smoke),please!toeattomaketogettosaytalkingreadingwearingsmoking10/10/该课件由【语文公社】友情提供第19页1Didyouhearher_(sing)inthenextroomlastlight.2Keep_(try).Youaresuretogetagoodresult.3Afridgeisusefulfor_(keep)vegetablesandfoodcool.4Heleftangrilywithout_(say)aword5Hedoesntlike_(dance)atall.singingtryingkeepingsayingdancing10/10/该课件由【语文公社】友情提供第20页10/10/该课件由【语文公社】友情提供第21页作用例句作宾语 Shewantedtoborrowmyradio.Theybegantoreadandwrite.作状语 ShewenttoseehergrandmalastSunday.Hecametogiveusatalkyesterday.作宾语补足语Lucyaskedhimtoturndowntheradio.Sheaskedmetospeakmoreloudly.JimtoldLingFengtogivehisbestwisheseverybody作定语 Haveyougotanythingtosay?Ihadsomethingtoeatthismorning.作主语 Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.Toplayinthestreetisdangerous.10/10/该课件由【语文公社】友情提供第22页注注:1 主语不定式惯用主语不定式惯用 it带代替，不定式放在后带代替，不定式放在后 面。例：面。例：It is not easy to learn a foreign language.It is dangerous to play in the street.2 不定式否定。不定式否定。not+不定式不定式 例：例：Tell him not to be late.The policeman told the boys not to play in the street.3 不定式与凝问词连用不定式与凝问词连用,与与what,which,how,where,when连用连用,例：例：The question is when to start.I dont know where to go.He showed me how to use a computer.Nobody told us what to do.10/10/该课件由【语文公社】友情提供第23页