人教版英语必修五第一单元知识点-PPT.ppt

Module 5 Unit 1 Language LearningGreat Scientists discover(v.)e.g.Columbus discovered America in 1492.Who discovered radium?comp.invent(v.)发明（原先不存在的东西）发明（原先不存在的东西）e.g.Who invented the steam engine?find(v.)发现，发觉，找到发现，发觉，找到 e.g.He found a good way to solve the problem.The scientist found it necessary to get a map.Ex.The scientists _ new coal mines in Shanxi province.“发现发现”（被探索或被揭示的事（被探索或被揭示的事物早已客观存在）物早已客观存在）discovered the way of doing sth.=the way to do sth.e.g.她教我们清洗它的方法。她教我们清洗它的方法。She showed us the way of cleaning it.She showed us the way to clean it.“the waythe way”引导定语从句的引导词有三种：引导定语从句的引导词有三种：that,in which,或者省略。或者省略。e.g.我不喜欢你跟你父亲讲话的方式。我不喜欢你跟你父亲讲话的方式。I dont like the way(that/in which)you speak to your father.Phrases:顺便说说顺便说说 （俚语）（俚语）没门，别想没门，别想 迷路迷路 在去在去的路上的路上 摸着走，谨慎从事摸着走，谨慎从事 用这种方法用这种方法做做的方的方法法 by the way no way lose ones way on ones way to feel ones way(to)in this way /by this means /with this methodEx.What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it.A.the way B.in the way that C.in the way D.the way which A put forward提出（建议等）提出（建议等）e.g.他提出一个新的计划。他提出一个新的计划。He put forward a new plan.推荐某人或自己任职位；提名推荐某人或自己任职位；提名 e.g.我能否提名你当我们的班长？我能否提名你当我们的班长？May I put your name forward as our monitor?Phrases:put away put down put up put off put out put on put up with 放好；抛弃放好；抛弃放下；写下来放下；写下来穿上；上演穿上；上演延期；推迟延期；推迟熄灭（灯）；扑灭（火）熄灭（灯）；扑灭（火）挂起；搭起；建造挂起；搭起；建造忍受忍受Ex.You can take anything from the shelf and read,but please _ the books when youve finished with them.put awayexpertnoun专家；行家；能手 an expert in child psychology儿童心理学家an expert on modren literature现在文学研究专家He is an expert at getting his own way.他在如何达到自己的目的方面很在行adj 熟练的，内行的或经验丰富的She is expert at making cheap,but stylish clothes.她做便宜而时髦的衣服很在行They are all expert in this field.他们都是这个领域的专家。attendto be present at;go to(meeting,conference,lecture)出席，参加出席，参加 e.g.He decided to attend the meeting himself.to go regularly to a place e.g.Our children attend the same school.How many people attend the church every day？to look after,care for,serve 照顾；看护照顾；看护 e.g.Which doctor is attending(on)you?attendattend to照顾，招待，处理A nurse attends to his needs.有个护士照顾他.Are you being attended to?有人接待您吗 Could you attend to(ie deal with)this matter immediately?你能不能立刻处理这件事?exposeto make visible（与（与to连用）暴露连用）暴露 e.g.Dont expose yourself to the sun for too long.Youll get sunburned.As a soldier in the war,she was exposed to many dangers.to reveal the guilt or wrong doing of 揭露揭露 e.g.He exposed their plot.他揭穿了他们的阴谋。他揭穿了他们的阴谋。The crime of the corrupt officials must be exposed without any reserve.对贪官污吏的罪行一定要毫无保留地予以揭发。对贪官污吏的罪行一定要毫无保留地予以揭发。be exposed to暴露于，面临，遭受暴露于，面临，遭受e.g.If you are exposed to English reading and listening every day,you are sure to make much progress in it.e.g.Exposed to the dialect of the miniority of the local place,he gradually learn to speak some of it.deadly adj.(1)dangerous;likely to cause death 危险的；危险的；致命的一般致命的一般 e.g.a deadly disease/weapon(2)highly effective against sth.or sb.强有力的；致强有力的；致命的命的 e.g.a deadly remark 击中要害的评论击中要害的评论 (3)aiming to kill or destroy 意在杀死的；不共戴天意在杀死的；不共戴天的的 e.g.a deadly enemy 不共戴天的敌人不共戴天的敌人 adv.(1)very 极度；非常；十分极度；非常；十分 e.g.deadly serious 十分认真十分认真 (2)like death 死一般地死一般地 e.g.deadly pale 死一般苍白死一般苍白 die(v.)dead(adj.)death(n.)cure v./n.治愈治愈,治疗治疗 This kind of medicine cant cure him of his headache.He went to the city for a cure in a famous hospital.这种药治不了他的头痛。这种药治不了他的头痛。他到城里一家有名的医院治疗。他到城里一家有名的医院治疗。v.n.q 科学家们在寻找一种治疗禽流感的方法。科学家们在寻找一种治疗禽流感的方法。Scientists are searching for a method to Scientists are searching for a method to cure bird flu cure bird flu.是连词，引导时间状语从句，意为是连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“每次，每每次，每当当”e.g.Every time I meet him,I will think of the things that happened between us.每次见到他，我就会想起发生在我们之间的事情。每次见到他，我就会想起发生在我们之间的事情。Every time/Each time I see him,he is always busy writing.The first time I went abroad I could hardly understand what the foreigners said.By the time I got home from work,my mum had already got supper ready.every time(each time,next time,last time，the first time,the last time,by the time)immediately,the moment,directly,instantly 等，都可以作连词，引导时等，都可以作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为间状语从句，意为“一一就就”e.g.I will give the letter to him immediately I see him.I came directly I got your letter.I recognied her the moment I saw her.challengeface the challenge 面对挑战面对挑战challenge sb to sth /challenge sb to do 向某向某人挑战人挑战When I said I was faster,she challenged me to a race.当我说我比她跑的快时，她向我挑战（要比当我说我比她跑的快时，她向我挑战（要比个高低）个高低）He challenged me to play chess.他向我挑战下他向我挑战下象棋。象棋。control v.to have power over,rule,direct 统治，控制统治，控制 e.g.The government tries its best to control prices.He cannot control his anger.n.控制，统治，掌握控制，统治，掌握 (1)lose control of/be(go)out of control 失去控制失去控制e.g.The driver lost control of his car and it knocked into a tree.The car was out of control and ran into a wall.(2)in control of 控制控制 e.g.Mr.Brown is in control of the money.(3)under the control of 被被控制控制 e.g.The money is under the control of Mr.Brown.suggest(v.)to intimate or imply 暗示；间接表明暗示；间接表明e.g.It suggests that you did not catch the 8 oclock train but the 8:25 train.事实表明你没有乘坐八点的火车而是八点二十事实表明你没有乘坐八点的火车而是八点二十五的火车。五的火车。to offer for consideration or action 建议（接建议（接that从句时常用虚拟语气）从句时常用虚拟语气）e.g.I suggested that they(should)travel by train.suggest doing sth.advise doing sth./advise sb.to do sth.absorb(v.)to take or suck in 吸收吸收e.g.A sponge absorbs water.海绵吸水。海绵吸水。The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into its own organization.这家大公司渐渐把这些小公司吞并了。这家大公司渐渐把这些小公司吞并了。to take in(knowledge,ideas)专心于，吸取专心于，吸取e.g.The little girl was absorbed in reading a tale.小姑娘正在全神贯注地阅读一篇故事。小姑娘正在全神贯注地阅读一篇故事。I was so interested in these new ideas that I absorbed them without thinking.我对这些新观念非常感兴趣，甚至于不求甚解地吸我对这些新观念非常感兴趣，甚至于不求甚解地吸收了。收了。suspect怀疑怀疑She was found dead in her department,and the police suspect murder.They said the problem was in the engine,which was just what I had suspected.suspect sb of.怀疑某人有罪，认为某人有怀疑某人有罪，认为某人有.嫌疑嫌疑 e.g.They suspect him of murder/of giving false evidence.She was suspected of being a spy.severe(adj.)so serious;so bad 严厉的；严格的严厉的；严格的e.g.I think you are too severe on the boy.His severe looks frightened me.他的严厉表情使我恐慌。他的严厉表情使我恐慌。very harmful or painful;serious or uncomfortable（疼痛）剧烈的（疼痛）剧烈的 e.g.SARS-severe acute respiratory syndrome 严重的、急性的呼吸道综合病严重的、急性的呼吸道综合病 He has a severe pain in his leg.be severe with=be strict with 对对要求严格要求严格 e.g.He is severe with himself.severely(adv.)严格地严格地(vt.)责怪；把责怪；把归咎于归咎于 blame sb.for sth./doing sth.blame sth.on sb.e.g.She was blamed for the mistake.be to blame（固定搭配）（固定搭配）应受到谴责；应受到谴责；该怨该怨 e.g.The children were not to blame.I am to blame.(n.)过失；责备；埋怨过失；责备；埋怨 put/lay the blame on 怪在怪在身上身上 take the blame 承担责任承担责任 e.g.Everyone put/laid the blame for that on me.The car driver took the blame for the accident.look intoexamine;investigate 调查，了解，研究调查，了解，研究 e.g.The police are looking into all the records of the man.警察正在查阅那个人的所有档案。警察正在查阅那个人的所有档案。Ill look into the matter as soon as possible.Just have a little patience.我将尽快调查这件事情，耐心点。我将尽快调查这件事情，耐心点。look at the inside of 朝朝里面看（与里面看（与ones face/eyes 等连用，表示等连用，表示“注视注视”）e.g.He looks into her face with great interest.他饶有兴趣地注视着她的脸。他饶有兴趣地注视着她的脸。handleto deal with or control a situation,a person,an area of work or a strong emotion处理、控制、管理（局势、人、工作或感情）e.g.A man was apppointed to handle the crisis.新指派一个人来处理这场危机 We can handle up to 500 calls an hour at our new offices.我们的新办公室每小时可以处理500个电话。to control a vehicle,an animal,a tool,etce.g.I wasnt sure whether I can handle such a powerful car.She is a difficult horse to handle.link to 把把与与连接；联系连接；联系 e.g.Fingerprints linked the suspect to the crime.指纹证实了嫌疑犯的犯罪事实。指纹证实了嫌疑犯的犯罪事实。The video cameras are linked to a powerful computer.The pay will be linked to the inflation rate.将工资的增长与通货膨胀率的上升挂钩。将工资的增长与通货膨胀率的上升挂钩。link(v.):to be joined（常与（常与together,to,with 连用）连接连用）连接 e.g.The two towns are linked by a railway.She had it delivered to her home every day.她每天她每天派人把水送到家里来。派人把水送到家里来。句中句中had it delivered 是是“have+宾语宾语+宾补宾补”结构，结构，意为意为“让别人做让别人做.使某物遭受使某物遭受.使某事被使某事被.,其中宾补由过去分词充当其中宾补由过去分词充当e.g.When will you have your homework handed in?He had his leg broken while playing basketball.I had the door painted this morning.在在“have+宾语宾语+宾补宾补”这一结构还可以这样构成：这一结构还可以这样构成：have sb do(make sb do/let sb do/get sb to do)让某人让某人做某事做某事;have sb doing让某人一直做；容忍，允许让某人一直做；容忍，允许announce(v.)to make known publicly 发表、告知、宣布发表、告知、宣布e.g.The government announced its new economic policies.政府发布了新的经济政策。政府发布了新的经济政策。The news was announced to the public on TV.这则消息经由电视向大众宣布了。这则消息经由电视向大众宣布了。to state in a loud voice(the name of a person or thing on arrival,as of people at a party or aircraft at an airport)宣布（客人、飞机等的到达）宣布（客人、飞机等的到达）e.g.His servant announced Mr and Mrs White.to make clearly known（事情）显示（事情）显示；预告；预告e.g.Warm sunshine announces the coming of spring.instruct(v.)to provide with knowledge,especially in a methodical way 教；教授教；教授e.g.He instructs a class in history.他教授一个班的历史。他教授一个班的历史。to give orders to;direct（常与（常与to不定式连用）不定式连用）命令命令e.g.Ive been instructed to wait here until the lecturer arrives.我得到指示在这儿等到讲课老师来到。我得到指示在这儿等到讲课老师来到。She arrived at 10 as instructed.instruction(n.)指示；指导；指令指示；指导；指令 follow sbs instructions听从某人的指示听从某人的指示conclude(v.)to bring to an end;close 使结束；完毕使结束；完毕e.g.to conclude a speech To conclude,I wish you all good health and a long life.最后，最后，祝大家健康长寿。祝大家健康长寿。推论；推断出；断定推论；推断出；断定e.g.The doctor concluded that the patients disease was cancer.医生断定病人患的是癌症。医生断定病人患的是癌症。conclusion(n.)结论；结束结论；结束 draw a conclusion 得出结论得出结论 contribute(v.)捐助；贡献捐助；贡献e.g.Although he has plenty of money Allan didnt contribute to Janes present when she left the office.艾伦虽然很有钱，但并没有在珍离职时凑钱买艾伦虽然很有钱，但并没有在珍离职时凑钱买礼物给她。礼物给她。有助于；促进；造成有助于；促进；造成e.g.Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.多呼吸新鲜空气，有助于身体健康。多呼吸新鲜空气，有助于身体健康。Too much alcoholic drink will contribute to your ruin.喝酒过度会毁了你。喝酒过度会毁了你。apart from具有多重意义：既可以表示具有多重意义：既可以表示besides，也可以表，也可以表示示except或或except for，还可以表示，还可以表示without。e.g.Apart from the cost,it will take a lot of time.(=besides)The orphan（孤儿）（孤儿）had no one to take care of him apart from his uncle.(=except)He has done good work,apart from a few slight faults.(=except for)There can be no knowledge apart from practice.(=without)实践出真知。实践出真知。strict(adj.)be strict with sb.对某人要求严格对某人要求严格e.g.They are very strict with their children.He is always strict with himself.be strict in sth.对某事要求格对某事要求格e.g.Scientists are strict in their own scientific rearch.strictly(adv.)e.g.Strictly speaking,its not allowed,but we wont prevent it.严格来说，那种事是不允许的，但我们不会去严格来说，那种事是不允许的，但我们不会去阻止。阻止。Expressions&phrases(1)1.know about 了解了解的情况的情况2.lift up 举起举起;抬起抬起;提升提升3.steam engine 蒸汽机蒸汽机4.physical characteristic 人体的特征人体的特征put forward a theory about black holes 提出一个有关黑洞的理论提出一个有关黑洞的理论1.6.infectious disease 传染性的疾病传染性的疾病2.7.in scientific research 在科学研究上在科学研究上3.8.examine a new scientific idea 验证一个新的科学思想验证一个新的科学思想 9.draw a conclusion 得出结论得出结论10.analyse the results 分析结果分析结果11.a well-known doctor 一个著名的医生一个著名的医生12.ordinary people 百姓百姓;普通人普通人13.expose()to sth.暴露暴露(.)在在中中 14.the most deadly disease 最致命的疾病最致命的疾病15.terrified people 被吓坏的人们被吓坏的人们16.get interested in sth./doing sth.对对产生兴趣产生兴趣17.absorb sth.into 把把.吸收入吸收入.18.gather the information 收集信息收集信息19.be determine to do sth.决心干某事决心干某事20.a valuable clue 一条珍贵的线索一条珍贵的线索21.the water pump 水泵水泵22.link to 将将.和和.联系起来联系起来 (be linked to)23.have it delivered(have sth.done)叫某人送东西叫某人送东西24.die of 死于死于25.announce with certainty 肯定地宣布肯定地宣布26.polluted water 被污染的水被污染的水27.prevent sb.from doing sth.阻止某人干某事阻止某人干某事28.deal with 处理处理29.solve the problem 解决难题解决难题